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Language Dígitos: Revista de Comunicación Digital. 2022. No. 8
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- Editorial(2022) López García, GuillermoComenzamos el proyecto de la revista Dígitos hace ahora ocho años. Desde entonces, y merced a un esfuerzo no menor, hemos conseguido que la revista llegara puntualmente a su cita anual con los lectores y la comunidad investigadora, albergando trabajos de diversa índole, encuadrados bajo el marco genérico de los estudios de comunicación, y con especial énfasis en el impacto de las tecnologías digitales sobre el ecosistema comunicativo. Buena parte de los trabajos, en cada número, han venido encuadrados como parte de un tema monográfico, lo que nos ha permitido trabajar con investigadores de diferentes instituciones, formación y líneas de investigación, encargados de coordinar cada monográfico, seleccionar las propuestas aprobadas por los revisores externos y darle forma de conjunto al monográfico.
- The Story Behind the Story: Reporting Conditions in China During the Coronavirus Crisis as Told by the Correspondents of El País and ABC(2022) Calatayud-Vaello, AdriàThis study seeks to investigate the reporting conditions in the early coverage of the coronavirus crisis by the China correspondents of two Spanish newspapers: El País and ABC. After conducting in-depth, semi-structured interviews with the correspondents, this study finds that they only started to focus on the viral outbreak once Wuhan city had been locked down. The interviewed correspondents faced logistical, political, professional and personal challenges while covering coronavirus in China due to the impossibility of entering Wuhan, censorship, difficulties in finding people that would speak to them and the general uncertainty of the situation, respectively. Previous research has studied how El País and ABC’s correspondents covered the coronavirus crisis in China and found that they focused on the response from authorities and that people affected by the virus were usually represented as speechless statistics and, thus, othered. The reporting conditions correspondents encountered helps to understand why the crisis was covered that way.
- La cobertura mediática de la ocupación de viviendas y el pánico moral. Análisis de los magacines matinales de TVE y Telecinco(2022) García Molina, LourdesEste artículo analiza el tratamiento mediático realizado por dos magacines, La Mañana (TVE) y El Programa de Ana Rosa (Telecinco), sobre las noticias de ocupaciones de viviendas, una cuestión que ha ganado espacio, tanto mediático como político, en los últimos tiempos. El objetivo principal de esta investigación es comprobar si estas informaciones se corresponden con una cobertura generadora de pánico moral, así como determinar si se prioriza un enfoque de suceso criminal o de problema social. Para ello, se estudian veinte programas emitidos en los meses de junio, julio y agosto de 2020 mediante técnicas de análisis cualitativas. El estudio está basado en la teoría framing partiendo de cinco frames propuestos por Semetko y Valkenburg (2000) y con 21 rasgos establecidos ad hoc para detectar los matices de la cobertura. Se concluye que la televisión privada presta una mayor atención a las noticias sobre ocupaciones de viviendas que la televisión pública, así como que el tratamiento mediático se corresponde con una cobertura generadora de pánico moral, con gran presencia del marco de conflicto. Además, prima un enfoque de suceso criminal representado como un atentado violento contra la propiedad privada.
- El tratamiento periodístico de la privacidad en las aplicaciones de rastreo de COVID-19 en España y Reino Unido(2022) Kamalova, Sofiya; Moralejo, AlfredoPara gestionar la pandemia del Covid-19 se planteó el uso de la tecnología para facilitar la detección y control de nuevos contagios. El uso de estas aplicaciones en teléfonos móviles para solucionar esta crisis sanitaria inició un debate sobre el impacto de estas aplicaciones en la privacidad de los usuarios. El objetivo de este estudio es identificar, a través del análisis de contenido de las comunicaciones periodísticas sobre estas aplicaciones de rastreo en España y Reino Unido, como se plantea esta cuestión en ambos países. En esta investigación se han estudiado 249 artículos de periódicos británicos y españoles publicados en el periodo desde el 11 de marzo de 2020 hasta el 31 de octubre 2020. Con la información de los artículos analizados se ha realizado un análisis cuantitativo con el objetivo de encontrar y explicar las tendencias, similitudes y diferencias en el tratamiento periodístico de las aplicaciones de rastreo en los dos países. Los autores piensan que las diferencias en el planteamiento del debate de privacidad es debido a diferentes contextos socio culturales.
- Feminist discourses of Spanish digital influencers: An analysis of their activity on social media(2022) Navarro, Celina; Villegas-Simón, IsabelWith the rise of digital feminism, this article explores the role of Spanish digital influencers considered feminist referents and the topics addressed by them on their social networks from a gender perspective. An online survey was used to create a ranking of the 12 most popular influencers by social media users. First, an analysis of their professional and sociodemographic profiles was made. Second, a cross-platform content analysis of the posts published by these influencers on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram was undertaken. The results show the homogenous profile of most popular feminist influencers. The main topics addressed in their social networks are linked to gender violence, specially on Twitter, being the social network where they publish the largest number of posts with a gender perspective despite the fact that they have more followers on Instagram. Finally, the study concludes that online feminist discourses replicate the issues on the traditional media agenda and leave out other topics on the feminist agenda that involve women belonging to minorities and related to the private sphere.
- Exploring User Engagement with Portuguese Political Party Pages on Facebook: Data Sprint as Workflow(2022) Martins Rosa, Jorge; Bacaksızlar Turbic, N. Gizem; Magalhães Telles, Alda; González Tosat, Clara; Jiménez Ruiz, Cristian; Moraiti, Kalliopi; Özgür Karadeniz, Oğuz; Pallacci, ValentinaIn the broader context of a research project about political participation on Facebook during the Portuguese electoral year of 2019 - for the European Parliament in May, and for the National Parliament in October -, a dataset of more than 9,000 posts and corresponding reactions and comments had been previously retrieved using Facepager. Participating in a data sprint came up as an opportunity to explore some specific questions in an intensive and time-bound context, using a subset of the data tailored to the purpose of discovering: 1) how differently official parties tried to engage with Facebook users before, during, and after the campaigns for the major elections periods (“supply side”), and 2) what type of content received the most attention and engagement (“demand side”). Our results show that regardless of the party’s age and position in the political spectrum, the persistent main categories are “National Politics”, “Fundamental Rights”, and “Self-Promotion” for both elections. Also, we found that posts with images attract more attention, and apparently this may be leveraged if the textual content of the post is in topics of “National Politics”. However, this finding requires further investigation. Along with details about the research during the data sprint and the main findings, this paper is also a testimony about the singularities and learnings of a process built upon the constraints of taking data sprints situation as a workflow
- Visualizing an image network without rendering files: the development of a methodological framework combining user hashtags with computer vision labels(2022) Tucci, GiuliaThis article presents a method for visualizing networks of geolocated images without rendering the image files on the network. The path I followed to develop this method is the result of an intensive "data sprint" which took place during the University of Amsterdam Digital Methods Initiative Summer School 2021. During the data sprint, I developed a methodological framework to generate a network of Twitter geolocated images combining the hashtags twitted with the images and the Google Cloud Vision API best single expression to describe each image (BestGueesLabel). Considering the limitations of working with a massive amount of image data and the computational memory required to generate network visualizations, the possibility of using description tags to create image networks is promising. The images analyzed during this study were extracted from Twitter filtering for the #deepfakes and #deepfake and tagged with country code location. Thus, the hashtags included in the tweets by Twitter users provide the context and the user description of the image. This information was combined in a bipartite network with a computer vision entity, the computer vision description of the image, to generate a networked description of the whole image set. I point that this method can be considered in exploratory research when working with large sets of images.
- Staging and storing data sprint-based research results: a communication design approach(2022) Gobbo, Beatrice; Briones Rojas, María de los Ángeles; Aversa, Elena; Elli, Tommaso; Benedetti, Andrea; Mauri, Michele; Colombo, GabrieleData sprints are multidisciplinary, time-limited, practice-oriented, and group activities that explore complex issues through data gathering, visualization, and analysis. Data sprints usually conclude with final presentations where participants showcase the research process they followed and the achieved results. Although this activity is now widespread in some research centers, there does not appear to be a data-sprint tailored dissemination format that can support the organization, archive, and online diffusion of results. Starting from the experience of a data sprint on Digital Methods, the paper describes the design process of a digital format which condenses and reinterprets good practices already in use in current supports for disseminating data sprints results. The design process of the format is structured in two steps: (i) designing and (ii) staging the format. The former aims to dissect and recompose data sprint results in hierarchical block structures filled with variable contents; the latter describes outcomes that emerged during a preliminary evaluation phase with experts and a stress-test activity. The format is a container that participants can fill at the end of a data sprint to organize, archive, and present research results. Evaluation activities confirmed the efficiency of the format, which is distinguished by its nested structure and flexibility with different content. Future research opportunities concern the ultimate implementation of the format as a public Content Management System to be used even outside data sprint contexts, such as disseminating more thorough research and teaching students how to structure Digital Methods research.
- El método data sprint: un ejercicio de reflexividad feminista sobre las prácticas de producción de conocimiento(2022) Castillo-González, María Concepción; Flores-Márquez, Dorismilda; Elisa Sued, GabrielaRecientemente se ha popularizado el método data sprint: talleres intensivos donde convergen participantes de diversos ámbitos para trabajar colaborativamente en el análisis de datos con propósitos que oscilan entre la lógica abierta vinculada con la ética hacker y la lógica de mercado orientada a la productividad. Este artículo reflexiona sobre este método de trabajo a partir de experiencias de investigadoras que participaron activamente en un data sprint de una semana de duración, con el propósito de potenciar la reflexión crítica sobre la metodología en la producción de conocimiento. Esta exploración se fundamenta teóricamente en dos elementos clave: el data sprint como método y la reflexividad en la práctica científica que incluye la perspectiva feminista de la tecnología. Para ello se recuperaron las experiencias de siete participantes mediante un cuestionario con preguntas abiertas. Con los datos se realizó un análisis narrativo temático. Los resultados obtenidos se estructuraron en cuatro categorías: las fases de trabajo, las dificultades, las experiencias positivas y la perspectiva de género. Se destacan aspectos positivos, negativos y a mejorar. Entre los primeros se encuentran los aprendizajes metodológicos y técnicos, la posibilidad de generar producción académica y especialmente, aspectos relacionados con los vínculos y el sentido de colectividad entre las participantes. Entre los segundos, las dificultades generadas por la velocidad y los cambios de horario ocasionados por el formato híbrido. Entre los aspectos a mejorar se encuentra la consideración de las desigualdades presentes en la práctica científica para el planteamiento de diseños alternativos que promuevan apropiaciones tecnológicas equitativas.
- Hands On: incorporación de data sprints y digital methods en la docencia de marketing digital(2022) Coromina Rodríguez, Óscar; Padilla Molina, AdriánEste artículo recopila la experiencia acumulada durante 9 años en el diseño y ejecución de data sprints en el marco del Máster en Comunicación y Marketing Digital de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Con más de 90 proyectos distintos a sus espaldas, estas jornadas han sido un punto de encuentro para profesionales, académicos y estudiantes, posibilitando el intercambio de conocimiento y la transferencia de técnicas entre métodos de investigación del ámbito académico con la investigación aplicada al marketing digital. Al mismo tiempo, el formato data sprint facilita el conocimiento práctico y la adquisición de competencias comunicativas, organizativas y el proceso de resolución de problemas. El artículo presenta tres ejemplos de proyectos realizados para ilustrar la actividad llevada a cabo y aborda su impacto a partir de un focus group realizado con varios participantes, para señalar los beneficios de la experiencia, así como su dificultad de aplicar el formato en el entorno profesional.
- Data Sprint Learning. Exercising Proximity to Data in Teaching Situations(2022) Kocksch, Laura; Ojala, Mace; Kinder-Kurlanda, KatharinaThis paper reports on a data sprint conducted as part of a PhD course on digital methods and data critique at the [University name redacted for peer review]. We reflect on how our data sprint contributed to this higher educational setting, and point to ways in which the data sprint method can be developed further based on our experience. The paper discusses how the sprint fabricated a moment of “critical proximity” for students that were mainly working with qualitative social science methods. The data sprint allowed them to put their critique on “big data” into practice by working with selected sets of data from Twitter and Scopus. We reflect on our collective experience and draw conclusions on the use of data sprints in teaching. Data sprints encourage us to engage with feelings of being underwhelmed and overwhelmed by data that provoke our social science way of critique. Our data sprint tangibly demonstrates that data work is in fact “messy”: transgressing ideals of good data management, biassed, ambiguous and open-ended. But instead of turning away from this “wildness” , we urge to make use of it in teaching settings. This wildness allows to step out of conventional modes of critique, and into modes of action. We conclude with a protocol as a practical guide for everyone who wants to introduce data sprints in their teaching.
- What are data sprints for?(2022) Joceli Omena, Janna; Cano Orón, Lorena; Gobbo, Beatrice; Flores, Ana MartaThe data sprint approach enables various objectives for the digital methods community, from fostering interdisciplinary collaboration to providing teaching-learning spaces regarding creative methods. However, data sprints’ purpose, advantages and concrete results are still little known across disciplines. Thus, this paper presents four facets pertaining to and deriving from data sprints to explain their prospects for different (non-) academic communities. First, we define the data sprint approach, providing a detailed description of what data sprints are and what they involve in practice and, in turn, propose guidance to facilitate the replicability of this work method. Second, we elucidate how data sprints are (1) a means of teaching and learning digital methods research, arguing that the data sprint environment is not only (2) a space for methods and tools creation but also (3) a reflective tool to understand the triad of data-, software- and platform-oriented research (from the standpoint of practice). Therefore, data sprints offer researchers situational ways to access and critique scientific knowledge production. Finally, we address a standard post-sprint procedure, which is the last facet: (4) the reutilisation of data sprint reports for producing scientific knowledge, through academic and non-academic publications, as an established research practice. The four facets unpack the data sprint approach for a broader audience whilst indicating the possible takeaways during and after such events. We conclude with reflections from and on data sprints.
