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Language IMAGO. Revista de Emblemática y Cultura Visual. No 11
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- Pia Desideria : Entre el aguardiente y la vida ascética. Las calaveras borrachas claman por el chinguirito (México, 1836)(2019) Montiel López, AndreaThe allegory of the body as a prison of the soul was visually depicted as a skeleton that imprisons a figure with childish features. One of the earliest examples of this image is the emblem «Infelix ego homo!» included in Herman Hugo?s Pia Desideria (1624); however the pictura was incorporated in other media and contexts allowing its survival even to the end of the 19th century. In Mexico, it evolved from an ascetic-moralistic book to a popular pamphlet of ghostly apparitions revealed in dreams. How did this emblem ?based on Neoplatonic philosophy? evolve from a book written in Latin to a popular nineteenth century pamphlet? Did it conserve part of its original meaning? KEYWORDS Death; Soul; Hard Liquor; Mexico.
- Nuevas aportaciones a los Emblemata evangelica de Hans Bol (1585)(2019) Morales Folguera, José MiguelRESUMEN: En el año 1585 el pintor flamenco Hans Bol realiza la serie de los doce dibujos sobre temas evangélicos relacionados con los doce meses del año y los doce signos del zodiaco. Ese mismo año el grabador Adriaen Collaert graba la serie en cobre con el título de Emblemata evangelica ad XII signa coelestia sive totidem ani menses accommodata, que es la que sirvió para darle difusión a la obra. No obstante, los dibujos originales de Hans Bol estuvieron siempre en colecciones privadas hasta que en el año 2014 la Fundación Rey Balduino de Bruselas los adquirió y publicó una obra sobre los dibujos y la primera serie de grabados. En este estudio se da a conocer a los investigadores en lengua española esta publicación y se analizan varias series incompletas inspiradas en los Emblemata evangelica, sobre los que se realizaron algunos estudios, que, posiblemente, por desconocer los dibujos de Hans Bolpresentan algunos errores o imprecisiones.
- Martini, Carlo Maria [2018]. Maria Magdalena, Sal Terrae(2019) Morales Folguera, JulioRecensión de libro: MARTINI, Carlo Maria [2018]. Maria Magdalena, Sal Terrae.
- Job o el sufrimiento del justo(2019) Pérez Gondar, DiegoThe question about the meaning of the suffering of the innocent is inescapable. In the biblical tradition, this subject is treated in a particularly profound way in the book of Job. Paradoxically, this book is little known. This article describes the elements that articulate this book according to its complex structure and its poetic peculiarity. That understanding helps to explain the various interpretations and re-readings that this work experienced in Judaism of the pre-Christian period, in the origin of Christianity and in later Rabbinism. Since the central theme is always current, this work helps readers to better read this biblical book and makes them understand its importance and transcendence in the history of Western culture. KEYWORDS Job; Suffering; Pain; Meaning; Rereading; Literary Structure.
- Conectando testamentos : Números como tipo en Biblia Pauperum y Speculum Humanae Salvationis(2019) Azanza López, José JavierIn the close typological relationship established in the Middle Ages between the Old and New Testaments, the Book of Numbers becomes an exemplary Christological and Mariological prefigurative example. The episodes of the Murmuring of Miriam and Aaron, the Spies from Canaan, the Rebellion of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram, the Brazen Serpent, the Budding of Aaron?s Rod and the Prophecy of Balaam, constitute types of New Testament passages collected in the Biblia Pauperum and the Speculum Humanae Salvationis, whose repercussion will be felt in Medieval and Modern Art as a theological visual synthesis present in stained glass windows, sculptures of portals, tapestries, goldsmith works and altarpieces. KEYWORDS Book of Numbers; Typological Method; Biblia Pauperum; Speculum Humanae Salvationis; Medieval and Modern Art.
- El grabado de La pícara Justina como parodia de la Filosofía cortesana moralizada(2019) Rodríguez Mansilla, FernandoThe engraving in the cover of La pícara Justina has been traditionally interpreted as a synthesis of the picaresque genre. This article explores the aforementioned engraving, commonly known as La nave de la vida picaresca, not as a reflection of the picaresque literary conventions, but through the perspective of the parody, which is an essential element of López de Úbeda?s work. The engraving would be dialoguing, comically, with the board game of the Filosofía cortesana moralizada (1587) by Alonso de Barros. This analysis of parodic elements present in Justina?s engraving allows to reflect about the genesis of the novel, as well as its relationship with courtly manuals and contemporary authors, like Cervantes and Mateo Alemán. KEYWORDS: Pícara Justina; Filosofía cortesana moralizada; Board game; Picaresque novel; Parody.
- El problema de la autoridad en la cultura (profecía, interpretación, ficción)(2019) Galván Moreno, LuisThis paper addresses the issue of the crisis or vanishing of authority in contemporary culture in the particular form of the problem of legitimacy in the use of language. What grounds can speakers find in order to justify their claim to be listened to? I point out that, since this problem has been examined for quite some time in the area of Biblical studies, we could improve our understanding of the current situation by means of an interdisciplinary dialogue. From this perspective, I consider claims to authority under three headings: prophecy, or the individual authority of the speaker; interpretation, or authority derived from a written source; fiction, or renouncing authority; and show that there is a degree of convergence in the direction of an anti-foundationalist stance. KEYWORDS: Bible; Culture. Authority; Legitimacy; Prophecy; Interpretation; Fiction; Anti-foundationalism.
- Bocángel?s Silva «El Retrato» : A Textual Trojan Horse?(2019) Mercado, LeticiaGabriel Bocángel?s silva «El retrato» (c. 1638) is a textual Trojan horse in the war for poetic patronage in the early modern Spanish court. Written on the wedding of the poet?s cousin to Juan de Cetina, secretary to the Admiral of Castile, the poem is a verbal portrait of the bride that undermines not only the tradition of the descriptio puellae, but also the Count-Duke of Olivares?s power. As a panegyric of the latter?s enemy, the text employs the botanical images of the laurel and the ivy, exploiting the full sense of their symbolic meaning. As an appeal for the patronage of poetry and letters at court and an exercise in «self-fashioning» (Greenblatt), the text makes the lovers? and the poet?s pursuits parallel to the «siege» of Daphne; the poet, as a new Apollo, sings and weaves a complex poetic fabric in which different tensions are ultimately resolved in the image of the Admiral?s laurelcrowned brow, to which both the couple?s and the poet?s ambitions aspire. KEYWORDS Bocángel; Patronage; Silva; Olivares; Baroque; Emblems.
- Cerrando un programa iconográfico. Las hijas de Job en la Capilla de la Virgen de Guadalupe en las Descalzas Reales de Madrid(2019) Álvarez Seijo, BegoñaThe Chapel of the Virgin of Guadalupe, located in the Monastery of the Royal Discalced Nuns of Madrid, features a complex iconographical program, with the Virgin and the strong women of the Old Testament as its protagonists. This program was executed by the artist Sebastián Herrera Barnuevo, and designed by one of its resident nuns, Sister Ana Dorotea de Austria. This article attempt to shed light an a rather uncommon feminine typology: that of the daughters of Job, Jemima and Keren-happuch by means of the study of the principal literary sources where they are mentioned. By this means I will offer a complete reading of the Chapel?s iconographical program, by establishing the relationship between the depictions of Día and the Immaculate Conception, and Alcohol and Bathsheba. KEYWORDS Royal Discalced; Strong Women of the Old Testament; Daughters of Job; Immaculate Conception; Bathsheba; Iconography.
- Brodsky y la Navidad : ?Dec 24, 1971?(2019) Insausti Herrero-Velarde, GabrielThroughout his life, Joseph Brodsky clung stubbornly to a set of habits and tastes. One of his most outstanding and surprising loyalties was his writing a Christmas poem every year, which in time produced around thirty different pieces. Among these is the remarkable «Dec 24, 1971», his last Christmas poem before he left the Soviet Union, which contains a reference to his idea of «empire» ?a criticism of totalitarian regimes? plus an idea of Christianity as a religion of hospitality and brotherhood. KEYWORDS Brodsky; Christmas; Modernism; Empire; Hospitality.
- García Mahíques, Rafael (dir.) [2019]. Los tipos iconográficos de la tradición cristiana V. Los Demonios I. El Diablo y la acción maléfica(2019) Mocholí Martínez, María ElviraRecensión de libro: GARCÍA MAHÍQUES, Rafael (dir.) [2019]. Los tipos iconográficos de la tradición cristiana V. Los Demonios I. El Diablo y la acción maléfica, Madrid, Ediciones Encuentro, 538 pp.
- Variación en la imagen de la Prudencia : entre la tradición y la «nueva visualidad»(2019) Montesinos Castañeda, MaríaRESUMEN: Aunque en la tradición visual de la Prudencia imperan las influencias italianas, a partir del siglo XV surge un nuevo tipo iconográfico fruto de la «nueva visualidad» procedente del arte francés. Dicha innovación ha sido considerada «monstruosa» y rompedora con la tradición visual precedente. Sin embargo, esta nueva manifestación visual es fruto de la continuación de las teorías filosóficas sobre la Prudencia. Además, el arte italiano ofrece una respuesta a la «nueva visualidad» con otro nuevo tipo iconográfico de la Prudencia.
- La Biblia como lugar común(2019) Zafra Molina, Rafael; Galván Moreno, LuisEste trabajo trata de determinar el carácter emblemático de un tipo de composiciones catequetico-doctrinales surgidas, por influencia de los Emblemas de Alciato, en el momento cumbre de la disputa entre católicos y protestantes y su intento de refutar y extender sus contrarías y respectivas doctrinas. Partiendo de un concepto de emblema como «lugar común transfigurado» y tras analizar el empleo masivo de estos lugares en la tratados teológicos y doctrinales, se acaba concluyendo que tanto las composiciones que conformaron los catecismos y sumas emblematizadas como muchos de los cuadros y otras composiciones artísticas que de ellos se derivan, pueden ser considerados emblemas en puridad y no en sentido traslaticio, y constituyen una categoría a la que se puede denominar emblemas doctrinales.
- Emblemas doctrinales(2019) Zafra Molina, RafaelThis study proposes to determine the emblematic character of a type of catechetical-doctrinal composition, influenced by Alciato?s Emblems, that emerged at the height of the dispute between Catholics and Protestants and their attempt to refute and extend their contradictions and respective doctrines. Starting from the notion that the emblem is a «transfigured common place», I analyze the massive use of these commonplaces in theological and doctrinal treatises, and conclude that both the compositions that formed the catechisms and emblematized sums, as well as many of the paintings and other artistic compositions that derive from them, can be considered emblems in their purity, though not in a figurative sense, and constitute a category that can be called doctrinal emblems. KEYWORDS: Emblem Theory; Doctrine; Catechesis; Reform; Commonplaces.
