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Language Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry. 2025. Vol. 17, no. 04
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- Impact of Different Bleaching Methods on Surface Roughness, Microhardness, and Tooth-Restoration Interface of Ormocer- and Methacrylate-based Restorative Systems(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Alkhuzaie, Ali Ihsan; Elawsya, Mohamed-Elshirbeny; Elkholany, Naglaa RizkThe current study assessed the impacts of various in-office bleaching materials (light-activated and chemically-activated) on surface roughness, microhardness, and tooth-restoration interface of two composites restorative systems (ormocer-based and methacrylate-based).Sixty specimens were prepared for surface roughness and microhardness (2-mm-thickness, 10-mm-diameter) and classified according to restorative materials (n=30 for each group): group A (ormocer-based group) (Admira fusion, Voco, Cuxhaven, Germany) and group B (methacrylate-based group) (Tetric-N-Ceram, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein). Each group were subdivided into three subgroups (n=10) according to bleaching agent: subgroup 1 (control group, no bleaching), subgroup 2 (bleached with chemically-activated bleaching agent) (Opalescence Boost, Ultradent, USA), and subgroup 3 (bleached with light-activated bleaching agent) (Philips Zoom, Discus, USA). Eighteen maxillary central incisors teeth were subjected to a tooth-restoration interface evaluation (n=9 for each group) and (n=3 for each subgroup). All specimens were finished, polished, and bleached according to manufacturer’s instruction. A three-dimensional optical profilometer (Wyko, Model NT 1100, Veeco, Tucson, USA) was used to measure surface roughness. The microhardness was assessed using Vickers tester (Model HVS-50, Laizhou Huayin Testing Instrument Co., Ltd. China) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) (JEOL.JSM.6510LV, Japan) was used to evaluate tooth-restoration interface. The level of statistical significance was determined at p0.05). A gap was formed after exposure to bleaching agents compared to control group for both restorative systems.Both bleaching techniques have bad effects on surface roughness, microhardness, and tooth-restoration interface for both ormocer-based and methacrylate-based restorative systems.
- Histological effect of fluoride varnishes on teeth with caries in the white spot phase: an in vitro study(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Gutierrez Ilave, Margot; Ríos-León, Rocío del Pilar; Castro Rodriguez, Antonia; Calixto-Cotos, María RosarioThe aim of this study was to compare the histological remineralization effects of two fluoride varnishes on artificially produced caries lesions in young permanent teeth.Twenty longitudinal sections of premolars with artificially produced white spot lesions and evaluated with a polarised light microscope. The sample consisted of 20 tooth fragments, which were divided and assigned to two groups: The first group with application of Clinpro TM White Varnish (20 tooth sections) and the second, with MI Varnish TM (20 tooth sections) subjected for 6 days to conditions similar to the oral cavity. The sections were then re-evaluated by calculating the lesion depth and remineralization area (Image J software). Student’ s t-test was used to analyse the data.MI Varnish TM fluoride varnish achieved a greater remineralization area than Clinpro TM White Varnish (838042.6±140359.3 μm2 and 678313.8±137265.7μm2, respectively), with a statistically significant difference (p<0.05).MI Varnish TM had a better effect than Clinpro TM White Varnish in remineralizing lesions, in vitro, in the enamel of young permanent teeth with caries in the white-stained phase.
- Effect of low-fusing porcelain glaze as zirconia surface treatment on the adhesion of resin cement(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Skienhe, Hasan; Abdou, Ahmed; Matinlinna, Jukka P.; Ferrari, Marco; Salameh, ZiadThis laboratory study aimed to investigate the influence of a novel surface treatment method, utilizing a low-fusing porcelain glaze layer, on pre-sintered zirconia and the adhesion with resin composite cement. The study employed a primer containing a silane coupling agent and 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP) to enhance the bond between the zirconia and resin composite cement.Zirconia blocks were sectioned, polished, and randomly divided into six groups based on surface treatment before sintering: Group CA50: Pre-sintered specimens were grit-blasted with 50 µm Al2O3 particles; Group CS25: Pre-sintered specimens were grit-blasted with 25 µm high-purity fused silica particles; Group B: Specimens similar to Group CA50 were sintered, glazed, and fired, followed by etching with 9.5% hydrofluoric acid (HF); Group C: Specimens similar to Group CA50 were sintered, glazed, and fired, followed by re-blasting with grit-blasted with 50 µm Al2O3 particles, Group D: Specimens similar to Group CS25 were sintered, glazed, and fired, followed by HF, Group E: Specimens in Group CS25 were sintered, glazed, and fired, followed by sandblasting with 50 µm Al2O3 particles. Microstructural analysis, surface roughness analysis, and shear bond strength testing (SBS) were conducted.The surface treatment significantly increased the surface roughness with all surface treatments compared to CA50 and CS25. The shear bond strength of group C showed the highest significant SBS compared to all other groups.Alumina sandblasting of the glazed zirconia as pretreatment of sintered zirconia can improve the bonding to silane primer and resin cement.
- Single cone and bioceramic sealer in oval canals: efficiency endodontic obturation(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Collado Castellanos, Nicolás; Micó Muñoz, Pedro; Albero, Alberto; Castañeda-Argueta, Annayancy; Aamir, Mahnoor; Faus Llácer, VicenteTo compare the volume of voids in oval canals obturated with single cone and bioceramic sealer (SCBC), single cone with lateral condensation or Guttacore by means of micro- computed tomography analysis. To measure the obturation time used for each technique.65 uni-radicular teeth with an oval canal were selected. Canals were shaped with Protaper Next and divided into three groups according to the tested obturation technique. The time taken to obturate the canals was recorded. Each specimen was scanned using micro-CT at a voxel resolution of 25 µm. The volume of detected voids and volume of obturated canal was calculated in relation to the total volume. Voids were classified according to their location in the radicular thirds. 2D images obtained were used to calculate the percentage of filled area and percentage of voids. ANOVA test was used to assess significant differences in voids detected in the root thirds and obturation time. Multiple comparisons were made with the Bonferroni test. To analyze the root thirds Kruskal-Wallis was used and for pairwise comparisons Mann-Whitney with Bonferroni modification.The highest percentage of void volume and void area was found in the single cone group with lateral condensation technique. These differences were significant in the apical third (p<0,01). SCBC was significantly faster (p<0.001).The three-obturation techniques achieved low void rates. SCBC had the least number of voids and was the fastest obturation technique.Clinical Relevance: In oval canals the quality of obturation carried out with these techniques were suitable and clinically acceptable. SCBC was the most efficient obturation technique.
- Myofunctional Responses in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome in Children Following the Use of Two Oral Orthopedic Devices(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Bittencourt, Ana-Beatriz-Bueno-Carlini; Neto, Clóvis-Lamartine-de Moraes-Melo; dos Santos, Gabriela Aparecida; da Silva, Emily-Vivianne-Freitas; Muraoka, Claúdia Sanae Akita Shimoide; Bertoz, André-Pinheiro-de Magalhães; dos Santos, Daniela Micheline; Goiato, Marcelo CoelhoRapid maxillary expansion (RME) is less invasive and an efficient method of treatment for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).Objective: To assess the therapeutic impact of oral orthopedic appliances in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome with polysomnography (PSG), electromyography (EMG), bite force measurement (BFM), questionnaires, and cephalometric analysis.Eleven children (aged seven to eleven years) underwent three months of treatment with the Hyrax device, followed by the installation of the Balter´s Bionator appliance. Quality analysis, type III polysomnography (PSG), electromyography (EMG), and bite force measurement (BFM) were conducted. The analysis were performed through eleven months of treatment. The distributional normality were verified by the Kolmogorov–Smirnov, For these data, the Student test was performed. For data with non-normal distribution, the Wilcoxon test was performed. All analyzes were performed with a significance level of 5%.Polysomnography data showed that severe scores became moderate or mild with the use of the devices. Electromyography, during rest periods, demonstrated that only the right temporal muscle exhibited increased electrical activity, while both muscles showed increased activity during dental clenching. There was an increase in the masseter and right temporalis during grape chewing. Bite Force Measurement (BFM) did not reveal any statistical difference before and after treatment. Questionnaire responses showed a statistically significant difference in the Sleep Disturbance Scale and OSA-18-PV.It can be concluded that the use of the Balters Hyrax and Bionator devices in class II children and children with OSAS is a safe and effective treatment alternative.
- Oral viral, fungal, and bacterial infections linked to comorbidities: a case series from a Brazilian referral center(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Estanho, Daniella; de Melo, Lucas Simino; de Lima, Fernanda Silva; Contreiras, João Pedro Silva; Agostini, Michelle; Silva-Andrade, Natália; de Arruda, José-Alcides-Almeida; Torres, Sandra-Regina; de Oliveira, Silvia Paula; Andrade, Bruno Augusto Benevenuto de; Tenorio, Jefferson-da-RochaOral infections exhibit variability in their causative agents and clinical presentations, underscoring the necessity of accurate diagnosis for effective management. Despite extensive documentation globally, data on these infections from Brazil remain scarce. This study aimed to assess the occurrence, clinical features, and differential diagnosis of oral viral, fungal, and bacterial infections at a single center in southern Brazil.A retrospective analysis was conducted between 2010 and 2023. Clinicodemographic data, comorbidities, and routine medication use were analyzed descriptively and statistically.A total of 462 cases were included. The median age was 49.5 years (range: 2–100). Viral infections were the most frequent (65.8%), with squamous papilloma accounting for 49.4% of cases. Fungal infections comprised 29.4% of cases, predominantly erythematous candidiasis (20.8%) and pseudomembranous candidiasis (5.6%). These infections were more common in women, older adults (p<0.001), and individuals with comorbidities such as systemic arterial hypertension (p=0.006) and diabetes mellitus (p=0.028). Bacterial infections were rare (4.8%), with actinomycosis being the most frequent (2.2%).Data from our series on oral viral, fungal, and bacterial infections align with the literature. The results emphasize the importance of tailored diagnostic approaches, particularly for at-risk patient populations.
- Impact of solutions and storage time on the chemical and mechanical properties of human dentin(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Bettero, Fernanda Castelo Branco Santos; Lopes, Camila de Carvalho Almança; Guerra, Gabriel Júlio; Novais, VeridianaConsidering the importance of standardization of the pH of control solutions and its impact on the chemical composition and mechanical properties of dentin during storage over a specified period, this study aimed to analyze the pH of control solutions and how it affects the chemical composition and mechanical properties of dentin stored over a given period.Six control solutions—coconut water, mineral water, distilled water, deionized water, artificial tears, and saline—were kept in a bacteriological incubator at 37°C, with their pH measured using a pH meter (mPA-210 from MS Tecnopon ®) for seven days: T0 (initial), T1 (2 hours), T2 (24 hours), T3 (48 hours), and T4 (7 days). In the second phase, the two solutions with the most stable pH in the first phase were selected and aligned with the critical pH of dentin (pH ≥ 6.5). Human third molars were sectioned and divided into two groups (n=13): distilled water and deionized water. The pH of the solutions, the chemical composition, and the microhardness of the dentin were evaluated by pH meter, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Knoop microhardness (KH), respectively, at the aforementioned time points. The values were analyzed by two-way ANOVA (storage time and solution), followed by the Tukey test.Both solutions presented pH incompatible with the dentin until T2, and the samples presented a 40% reduction in microhardness at T4. Additionally, a reduction in carbonate and an increase in amides were observed in the dentin, indicating changes in the mineral and organic phases.It is concluded that both the solutions and the storage time negatively affect the chemical composition and microhardness of the dentin, highlighting the importance of carefully selecting the control solutions and the storage time in in vitro studies.
- Influence of composite resin core buildup translucency on the accuracy of an anterior CAD-CAM bridge fabricated with a digital impression(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Tran, Nguyen-Chi; Nguyen, Nhat Dinh Minh; Huynh, Nam-Cong-Nhat; Tran, Trang-Thi-Ngoc; Hoang, Hung T.; Wang, Ding-Han; Hsu, Ming-LunComposite resin build-up translucency affects the accuracy of digital impressions generated by an intraoral scanning system (IOS). Here, we evaluated the influence of composite core translucency on the accuracy of a CAD-CAM bridge (Fixed Partial Denture) using an intraoral scanner.We investigated the accuracy (the trueness and precision) of 2 different composites (EverX Flow-EX and G-aenial Universal Injectable A3) for core build up in 3-unit CAD/CAM bridge on anterior teeth using an intra-oral scanner (Trios 3, 3Shape) and injectable technique. The fitting of crown within the clinical acceptable threshold of final restoration was also confirmed by CBCT superimposition.The results illustrated that composite with high translucency (A3) expressed lower trueness value than one with low translucency. With a clinically acceptable threshold<50μm, the percentage of points over the threshold was lower in composite group with low translucency (EX). CAD/CAM restorations on high translucency composite-reconstructed abutments showed a poor fit compared with the low translucency group on both abutments.The use of low translucency reconstructive materials helps to reduce the errors of IOS, and at the same time, appropriate compensation should be used when designing restorations to provide the most accurate results.Clinical Significance: • Composite with high translucency (A3) expressed lower trueness value than one with low translucency (EX). • With a clinically acceptable threshold<50μm, the percentage of points overcoming the threshold was lower in composite group with low translucency (EX). • Appropriate compensation should be applied when designing CAD/CAM restoration to achieve the best results.
- Rehabilitation of a patient with extensive odontogenic myxoma treated conservatively: a case report with 14 years of follow-up(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Paz, Ana L. L. M.; Leite, Cristhiane A.; Mariz, Bruno A. L. A.; Volpato, Luiz E. R.; Rocha, André CaroliOdontogenic myxoma is an odontogenic tumor of mesenchymal origin that presents locally invasive behavior. Its treatment is surgical, and the approach can be more conservative or radical. This article presents the rehabilitation of a patient with extensive odontogenic myxoma in the mandible treated conservatively with follow-up for 14 years. A 17-year-old male patient sought care with a painless swelling in the mandibular region causing facial asymmetry. Imaging exams showed a mixed image, with intralesional septa, involving the left anterior and posterior regions of the mandible with a small remaining basilar and lingual bone. An incisional biopsy was performed which confirmed the diagnosis of odontogenic myxoma. Due to the extent of the lesion, a conservative approach was chosen, with excision of the lesion and peripheral ostectomy, with recurrence of the lesion after 48 months, with a new approach being performed. After 14 years of follow-up, without further recurrence of the lesion, the patient was rehabilitated with dental implants and protocol-type prosthesis. Conservative treatment led to bone remodeling and enabled patient rehabilitation with oral implants and an implant-supported prosthesis. Thus, conservative treatment of odontogenic myxomas is a viable alternative for similar cases, and its longitudinal postoperative follow-up is essential.
- Patient-specific guided Deep Circumflex Iliac Artery free flap for mandibular reconstruction in an ameloblastoma case. Case report and insights on the current state of customized surgery in H&N reconstruction in China(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Aragón Niño, Íñigo; Zheng, Chongyang; Cheng, Han; Hu, Yongjie; He, YueThis article presents a case of recurrent mandibular ameloblastoma treated with customized reconstructive surgery using a microvascularized DCIA bone flap. Virtual surgical planning and customized surgery, which has become increasingly adopted in head and neck reconstruction, enhances precision in tumor resection, flap design, and fixation, leading to superior functional and aesthetic outcomes.The patient, initially treated with curettage in China (2017) and Japan (2021), presented with recurrence upon relocating to Shanghai. Imaging confirmed the diagnosis, and customized surgery was planned due to the complexity of the case. The surgical approach involved patient-specific cutting guides for both the mandibular resection and iliac crest flap harvesting, ensuring precise bone segmentation and reconstruction. Contouring guides were used to optimize bone alignment, and a pre-bent titanium reconstruction plate was employed.Despite the advantages of customized surgery, its widespread implementation in China faces regulatory and financial challenges. Restrictions on patient-specific implants and high costs limit accessibility, but alternative techniques, such as contouring guides, help improve outcomes. As regulations evolve and technology advances, customized surgery is expected to become a standard approach, improving reconstructive care in complex cases.
- Hpv-negative oral squamous cell carcinoma arising from oral submucous fibrosis with p16ink4a positivity and cellular senescence: a case report(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Chaurasia, Akhilanand; Pantelis, Pavlos; Theocharous, Giorgos; Veroutis, Dimitris; Kotsinas, Athanassios; Gorgouli, Eva V.; Georgakopoulou, Eleni A.Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic, progressive, and potentially malignant disorder primarily associated with areca nut chewing. While Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) typically develops in the tongue and floor of the mouth, its occurrence in the buccal mucosa in the context of OSF is less common. The molecular mechanisms underlying OSF-associated OSCC remain unclear. p16INK4A is widely recognized as a surrogate marker for HPV-driven carcinogenesis; however, its role as an indicator of cellular senescence is increasingly acknowledged. Given that senescence contributes to various pathologies, including cancer, this case report explores its potential role in the pathogenesis of OSF-associated OSCC.We present the case of a 39-year-old male with a 10-year history of gutkha chewing, who developed clinically advanced OSF and a well-differentiated OSCC of the buccal mucosa. Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis revealed strong p16INK4A expression, increased p21WAF1/cip1 levels, and low Ki67 proliferative activity. Notably, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) testing for HPV was negative. Further staining with SenTraGor (GL13) confirmed the presence of senescent cells, suggesting that p16INK4A overexpression in this case reflects cellular senescence rather than an HPV-driven oncogenic process.This case highlights the necessity of thorough molecular assessment when interpreting p16INK4A positivity in OSF-associated OSCC. The HPV-negative status, coupled with senescence markers, suggests that p16INK4A expression in such cases may show a senescence-associated tumorigenic pathway rather than HPV-mediated carcinogenesis. These findings support the inclusion of cellular senescence markers like SenTraGor in the diagnostic evaluation of OSCC arising from OSF.
- Can arthrocentesis help reduce the displaced disc in patients with closed lock of the temporomandibular joint? A case review(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Borrás Ferreres, Jordi; Gay Escoda, CosmeArthrocentesis (joint lavage and lysis) and hydraulic distension of the temporomandibular joint have been described as effective options for reducing joint pain and improving function in patients with limited mouth opening (closed lock) due to disc displacement without reduction, fundamentally in the acute phase of the disorder. Despite controversy, some studies suggest that in addition to improving the range of opening and reducing joint pain, the disc can also be reduced in some cases.The present study was carried out to determine whether arthrocentesis could reduce the displaced disc in a woman with 6 weeks of closed lock, and to assess its efficacy in improving mouth opening and reducing joint pain.
- Are Dyslipidemias a risk factor for Peri-Implant complications?: a systematic review and meta-analysis(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Gurgel, Barbara; Souza, Roberta; Vajgel, André; Cabral, Maria Fernanda; Almeida, Marina; Almeida, RenataDyslipidemia, characterized by high levels of lipids in the blood, can influence bone metabolism, interfere with the osseointegration of dental implants, and favor peri-implant complications. This systematic review aimed to analyze whether elevated serum levels of total cholesterol and its fractions, as well as triglycerides, constitute a risk factor for peri-implant complications.This systematic review was conducted by PRISMA and was registered in PROPSPERO under CRD number 42023456517. The search strategy was performed in the Medline (Pubmed), Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and LLACS/BVS databases. Additional searches were conducted in the gray literature, as well as manual searches. Experimental and observational studies of patients undergoing dental implants, in which their lipid levels were analyzed and in which the outcomes of peri-implantitis, implant loss, or bone resorption were evaluated. The assessment of methodological quality was performed using the JBI Instrument, and the assessment of the certainty of the evidence was performed using GRADE.The database search strategy resulted in 2,714. After removing duplicates and reading titles and abstracts, 48 were read in full. Of these, eight were included in the systematic review, in addition to three articles included from additional searches, totaling 11 studies, and a total of 1704 patients constituted the sample. Nine studies identified a significant association between elevated lipid levels and peri-implant complications. The meta-analysis demonstrated a strong association between peri-implantitis and dyslipidemia (OR 12.36; 95% CI: 7.85–19.46; P< 0.00001).Dyslipidemia was identified as a risk factor for peri-implant complications. This can be explained by the interference that high levels of cholesterol and its fractions can cause in bone metabolism, making it deficient due to an exacerbated inflammatory response. Cholesterol and triglyceride levels must be assessed and controlled preoperatively to reduce peri-implant complications.
- Comparative evaluation of autologous platelet aggregates versus blood clot on the outcome of regenerative endodontic therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Verma, Saumya; Gupta, Alpa; Mrinalini, Mrinalini; Abraham, Dax; Soma, UnnatiRegenerative endodontics represents a transformative approach to dental care, revitalizing necrotic teeth. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the role of autologous platelet aggregates compared to the traditional blood clot method in regenerative endodontics.A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO, Open Grey, and Google Scholar between 1st–12th August 2024. Case series, RCTs, retrospective studies, and case reports were included. Meta-analysis on RCTs and case series utilized RevMan 5.4 software, with p=0.05 as the significance level. The JBI risk of bias tool and GRADE system assessed study quality.Nineteen studies met inclusion criteria, of which 13 were evaluated for risk of bias—11 showed low risk, and 2 were moderate. Rates of complete apical closure using PRF, BC, PRP, and CGF scaffolds ranged from 61.76% to 100%. Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences between autologous platelet aggregates and BC for outcomes such as complete apical closure (BC vs. PRP: p=0.28; BC vs. PRF: p=0.36), positive vitality (BC vs. PRP: p=0.70; BC vs. PRF: p=0.36), healing response (BC vs. PRF: p=0.23), and overall success score (BC vs. PRP: p=0.62).BC remains an effective primary scaffold for non-vital teeth with open apexes. PRP and PRF are viable alternatives when intracanal blood induction is challenging. Overall, platelet aggregates and BC showed comparable clinical and radiographic outcomes.
- Adhesive strength in cementing fiberglass posts using different adhesive systems(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Do Amaral, Guilherme; Olivieri, Karina Andrea Novaes; Vitti, Rafael Pino; Bueno, Clovis Stephano Pereira; Brandt, William-Cunha; Miranda, Milton EdsonThe objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of the Scotchbond MP and Clearfil SE adhesive systems on the bond strength in the push out test between the fiberglass post and the root canal.This in vitro study involved 20 human canine teeth extracted over a 12-month period. For inclusion in the sample, upper canine teeth with fully formed apices and curvatures less than 45° were considered. Teeth containing a calcified canal, with radiographically visible double curvature or that had undergone previous endodontic treatment were excluded from the sample. After selection, surface prophylaxis was performed using an ultrasound insert, followed by smoothing with a Gracey curette. Endodontic treatments were performed by a calibrated operator, following a pre-established protocol. Next, preparation of the root canal began to receive the Whitepost DC number 2 fiberglass post by removing 2/3 of this space. Next, the posts were prepared to be cemented, they were cleaned with 70% alcohol and conditioned with 37% phosphoric acid before receiving two layers of silane. From that moment on, the elements were randomly divided into two groups, according to the adhesive system, with RelyX ARC cement being used: Group SCB: Scotchbond MP and Group CFL: Clearfil SE. After cementing the fiber posts, the test specimens were prepared for mechanical testing using the push out test on the Universal Testing Machine (EMIC). Multiple comparisons were performed using the Tukey test. Statistical calculations were conducted adopting a significance level of 5%.The two-factor analysis of variance demonstrated that there was no statistically significant interaction between the factors studied, however the use of the SCB Group adhesive system produced higher RU values.It was concluded that greater bond strength was obtained between resin cement and root dentin when ScotchBond adhesive was used and there were no differences in RU in the different root portions.
- Comparative analysis of postoperative pain with glycolic acid vs. ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid in endodontic treatment: a randomized clinical trial(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Lago, Bruna Tozzati; Cecchin, Doglas; Lenz, Ulysses; Lago, Carlo Theodoro Raymundi; Farina, Ana Paula; Souza, Matheus Albino; De Carli, João-Paulo; Bello, Yuri-DallThe aim of this study was to evaluate pain and analgesic intake after endodontic treatment using glycolic acid (GA) or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as the final irrigating solution.One hundred fifty patients were randomly assigned to two groups for smear layer removal: 17% GA or 17% EDTA. Postoperative pain was assessed at 24, 48 hours and 7 days. The need for analgesic intake was recorded. Descriptive analysis was performed to assess demographics (Student t, Chi-square and Fisher tests) and study outcomes (Mann Whitney, Friedman and Nemenyi) (p<0,05).Postoperative pain occurred in 52% of the cases. In the 24-hour period, GA had a significantly lower pain score (p<0.05). There was no statistical difference between the groups regarding the use of analgesic pills.GA is associated with less postoperative pain at 24 hours compared to EDTA. No statistically significant difference was observed at 48 hours and 7 days.
- Bond Strength of Silane-Containing Universal Bonding Agents to Lithium Disilicate(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Tannen, Daniel L.; Wallum, Adam J.; Mitchell, Terrell M.; Renda, James J.; Vandevalle, K. S.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the microshear bond strength to lithium disilicate of four silane-containing universal adhesives (SUAs): Scotchbond Universal Adhesive (3M), Scotchbond Universal Adhesive Plus (3M), Clearfil Universal Bond Quick (Kuraray), and Universal Bond II (Tokuyama), with or without the use of a separate silane primer.Lithium disilicate blocks (IPS e.max CAD, Ivoclar) were sectioned to create 4 equal partitions. Blocks were then crystallized and mounted in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes. The blocks were steam cleaned, subjected to 5% hydrofluoric acid etch, rinsed, and prepared with or without silane application. Resin cement was applied to prepared blocks within standardized silicone tubing matrices and light-cured forming four resin cement specimens per block and twelve specimens per group (n=12). The dual-cure resin cement with and without the use of silane served as a positive and negative control, respectively. The tubing was removed and then the specimens were subjected to 500 thermocycles. The specimens were loaded perpendicularly in a universal testing machine with a shear force until bonding failure. The mean microshear bond strength was calculated per group and analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc tests (alpha=0.05). Following testing, each specimen was examined to determine failure mode.Except for Universal Bond II, an application of silane resulted in a significant increase in bond strength (p<0.05) when using the SUAs. Without the use of a silane, Universal Bond II had significantly greater bond strength (p<0.0001) than all other SUAs. All the SUAs without the use of silane resulted in lower bond strength (except UB) compared to the typical clinical practice of the use of silane alone. Greater mixed and cohesive failures were observed with groups that used silane.Silane-containing universal bonding agents are being marketed in lieu of silane application on the intaglio surface of lithium disilicate prior to cementation. The results from this study indicate that using SUAs (except Universal Bond II) in this manner may decrease bond strength of the interface between lithium disilicate and resin cement.
