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Language Actualidad jurídica iberoamericana. 2020. Número 12
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- La Interposición ficticia como forma de simulación(Instituto de derecho iberoamericano, 2020) Rabanete Martínez, Isabel JosefaLa sociedad pugna por aquellas formas de contratación tendentes a obtener un cierto beneficio, utilizando para ello distintas formas jurídicas complejas. Y en estos complejos negocios cabe la posibilidad de que se entrometa un interpuesto, bien con el fin de ocultar la verdadera identidad del contratante, o simplemente como medio alternativo para obtener el fin perseguido por las partes. El propósito de esta investigación se centra en el análisis de la interposición ficticia de persona como forma de simulación, y el intento de establecer las pautas que nos permitan saber cuándo estamos ante los llamados testaferros o interpuestos ficticios.
- ¿El art. 1424 cod. civ. como canon interpretativo del negocio inválido? Notas relativas al nuevo papel intregrativo-funcional del juez sobre los actos de autonomía privada(2020) La Fata, FrancescoThe present paper proposes to offer some brief reflections, in general terms, on the role of the judge with reference to the contract and, in particular, on its modalities of intervention in the event of invalidity, pursuant to and for the effects of art 1424 civ. cod. In this sense it recalls the doctrinal debate on functional profiles and on the legal nature of the institute of the conversion of the null contract. The author seems to agree with that interpretative option that see art 1424 civ. cod. as an interpretative canon of the contract (invalid) that juxtaposes to those provided for in Chapter IV of the Book IV to arts 1362 et seq. civ. cod. In this perspective, the conversion of the null contract is placed between the instruments for the ?just remedy?, independently of the specific indications of the procedural parties, thus finding in the system the most appropriate solution to implement and compose conflicting interests, respecting the values of the legal system.
- Cláusula rebus sic stantibus y bonos estructurados. Comentario a la STS de España núm. 5/2019, de 9 de enero(2020) Bueno Biot, AlvaroThe rebus sic stantibus clause, which is based on case law, has been applied in order to re-establish the balance of services as a result of a sudden change in the circumstances taken into account when the contract was concluded. However, it has not always been applied with the same rigidity and rigour, but rather, depending on the social and economic context of the moment, we have been experiencing fluctuations in doctrine and jurisprudence. Therefore, in this commentary to the STS of January 9, 2019, we proceed to an analysis of the jurisprudential evolution and the required budgets for the application of the aforementioned clause, with special consideration of random contracts such as structured bonds.
- Derecho foral valenciano y Derecho civil valenciano. Reflexiones para una recuperación y desarrollo constitucional de nuestro Derecho(2020) Castillo Martínez, Carolina del CarmenBy means of three Judgments issued in 2016, the Constitutional Court declared null as many other autonomous legal norms by means o which the Generalitat Valenciana had begun the task of developing the competence that in the matter of Civil Law recognizes the Statute of Autonomy, according to its current wording dating from 2006. Faced with the indisputable argumental poverty and - why not say so - questionable political background of the resolutions emanating from the TC, they have manifested themselves, not without powerful reason, in a critically founded way authorized opinions. However, it is also necessary to recognize the extralimitations incurred by the Valencian Autonomous Government legislator, also for political reasons, when disregarding the circumstance that the civil law that can and should be developed by the autonomous parliaments is limited to institutions that were in force when the 1978 Constitution entered into force. And it refers to the civil or special civil rights ?where they exist?, not ?where they ever existed?. In any case, after the phase of criticism and regrets, it is necessary to consider what are the future perspectives of the Valencian Civil Law after the pronouncements of the TC, and address them with resolution and effectiveness.
- Minoría de edad y cambio de la mención registral de sexo. Comentario a la STC 99/2019, de 18 de julio(2020) Verda y Beamonte, José Ramón deThe present commentary analyzes the recent jurisprudential doctrine regarding the possibility that a minor may request the change of the registration of sex.
- Inexistencia de retraso desleal en el ejercicio de la acción de reclamación de cantidades indebidamente cobradas. Comentario a la STS de España núm. 243/2019, de 24 abril 2019(2020) Arnau Moya, FedericoThe Supreme Court considers that the mere delay in the exercise of an action of claim of quantity cannot be considered to constitute unfair delay. In addition, it is necessary that prior to the exercise of the right there are facts, acts or conducts that cause int the obliged the confidence that the right against him will not be exercised.
- La conflictividad en el cumplimiento del régimen de visitas por el progenitor custodio y su persecución penal tras la entrada en vigor de la Ley Orgánica 1/2015, de 30 de marzo, por la que se modifica el Código Penal(2020) Pacho Jiménez, MiriamEl objeto del presente trabajo es tratar de delimitar la viabilidad de la jurisdicción civil ante aquellas situaciones en que el progenitor custodio interfiere obstaculizando la relación paterno filial de manera persistente y reiterada en el tiempo, así como las posibles carencias e incongruencias de nuestro Ordenamiento Jurídico a raíz de la despenalización de las anteriores conductas por la Ley Orgánica 1/2015, de 30 de marzo.
- Fortalecimiento de la posición del cónyuge viudo: artículo 831 del Código civil(2020) Viñes, PatriciaThe aim of this study is the analysis of the article 831 of the Spanish Civil Code, which, among other purposes, responds to the testator?s desire of strengthening the position of the surviving spouse, by turning him into an administrator of the family heritage. The exceptional nature of this institution in relation to several articles of the Spanish Civil Code has meant a profound change in its inheritance laws, affecting aspects such as the qualitative intangibility of the forced heirship, the personal and non-delegable nature of the will or the inheritance?s partition. These considerations justify the importance of a research work that, from a practical view, analyzes the possibilities of application and use of this institution, and proposes testamentary formulas that can achieve the purpose pursued by the law as well as solve the problems that may arise from its literal meaning.
- Il diritto del minore a ricevere amore(2020) Lifrieri, RositaThis essay aims to analyze the child?s right to receive the love of his parents and grandparents. Specifically, the starting point, of the analysis is the law n.219 of 2012, which introduced the statute of the rights of the child. Among these, the right of the child to moral assistance from his parents assumes a central role; the right of the minor child to maintain significant relationships with the ascendants and relatives of each parental branch. These are fundamental and indispensable rights, for the serene and balanced growth of the child. They translate in compliance with the principle of the best interest of the child.
- La regulación de la guarda y custodia de los hijos en el entorno europeo(2020) Martínez Calvo, JavierDifferent European countries contain diverse figures and rules to determine how childcare will be organized after a marital breakdown. This work presents the rules laid down by the legal systems of Spain, Italy, France, England, Belgium, Germany and the Czech Republic; as well as the proposed rules by each one in cases of the absence of agreement between the parents.
- El desplazamiento en el régimen de comunicación y estancia(2020) Muñoz Rodrigo, GonzaloEl presente artículo tiene la finalidad de dar una breve visión de la reciente jurisprudencia en materia de gastos de traslado y obligación de entrega y recogida en el régimen de comunicación y estancia. Poniendo especial atención a aquellos casos en los que nos encontramos ante un desplazamiento de larga distancia, por la problemática que, evidentemente, genera.
- La legítima formal como límite o medio de protección de la voluntad del testador(2020) Zubero Quintanilla, SaraThe purpose of this study is to assess whether the so-called formal legitimate supposes a limit or constitutes a protection mechanism for the confidential own will of the testator. To this end, it is necessary to study the regulation of preterition in its two modalities, intentional and unintentional, to determine its connection with the safeguarding of the material legitimate, as well as weighing whether the legal solution must be the same when the lack of mention of an imposed heir in the will is based on the will of the deceased or derives from an error or forgetfulness at the time of its drafting. The consequences of preterition (this overlooking) differ in the ordinances that regulate an individual legitimate, or by quotas, as in the Spanish Civil Code, and a collective legitimate, where the confidential will of the deceased has greater capacity, as is in the case of the Code of Regional Law of Aragon.
- Custodia compartida y violencia de género: perspectivas de presente y de futuro(2020) Guirado Capilla, Sara; Ramón Fernández, FranciscaThe shared custody and the situation of gender violence of one of the parents will be analyzed with a comparative analysis of their regulation at national, foral and autonomous levels. Social changes and the stance of doctrine and jurisprudence will define a desirable and advisable shared custody model, although it will be necessary to prove and justify that such model is most appropriate to the interests of the child.
- Legitimación de los cónyuges para disponer de los bienes comunes bajo un régimen de sociedad de gananciales : Estudios de Derecho español y peruano(2020) Santillán Santa Cruz, RominaIn the context of the management of the property under a regime of community of property, the topic of the legitimacy of spouses to dispose of common property takes on a special relevance. The regulation of this matter in Spanish Law has allowed the doctrine to classify types of legitimacy to dispose. Instead, Peruvian Law has some technical deficiencies in this respect which complicates an adequate interpretation. For this reason, Peruvian doctrine does not address this issue in a comprehensive and systematic manner, as the Spanish doctrine does. This has led to theoretical and practical problems in determining correctly the effects of the act and, in some cases, its possible sanction. Because of the similarities between both legal systems, the question is solved with a reference to Spanish Law and doctrine.
- Sport femminile e discriminazioni di genere: la riforma del lavoro sportivo in Italia(2020) Indraccolo, EmanueleThe essay analyzes the legal issues related to the women?s sports work in Italy. The first part reconstructs the current regulatory framework. Then, the recent reforms are critically analyzed. The theories that explain the sports phenomenon trough the plurality of legal systems are refuted. A different methodological approach, based on the unity of the legal system, is suggested. This allows us to propose solutions that ensure, through interpretation, adequate protection for female athletes.
- El derecho de la infancia y la adolescencia a una muerte digna(2020) Meco Tébar, FabiolaThe aim of this study is to study the right of children and adolescents to a dignified death in Spain. It addresses the legal advances and changes made in the area of informed consent in the health field for girls, children and adolescents to assess their ability to decide in processes of terminal illness and to compare what is legally established at the international, national and autonomous levels. Criteria for interpretation are drawn up, there are gaps in the law and differences in legislation that can be resolved soon in order to ensure that this right enjoys the necessary guarantees.
- Daños morales derivados de la causación dolosa o negligente de la nulidad matrimonial(2020) Verda y Beamonte, José Ramón deEl presente trabajo analiza de manera crítica la experiencia jurisprudencial española sobre el resarcimiento del daño moral causado por la declaración de nulidad de un matrimonio.
- L?auspicata unitarietà delle successioni nel sistema eurounitario e il superamento del divieto di patti successori(2020) Aceto di Capriglia, SalvatoreItalian civil law is full of provisions that hinder the preordained transmission of wealth, including, without doubt, the prohibition of succession agreements, sanctioned by art. 458 cod. civ. This experience suggests the rethinking of the dogma of the uniqueness of the testament as a regulatory tool for succession events in the Civil law system. Towards this functional goal, it compares with other legal systems, from which it emerges that sometimes successor agreements are peacefully admitted (for example in Germany), while in others, as in the French one, there are wide and significant exceptions to the prohibition, even though formulated in general terms. A possible harmonization of successor pacts in Europe, considering the EU Regulation 650/2012, can only take place effectively through ?the relativization of the hermeneutical procedure, based on a concrete balance of interests? and the realization of the objective represented by ?European citizenship?.
- Suicidio assistito, dignità e dolce misericordia(2020) Sandulli, SusannaIl presente lavoro, è incentrato sul tema complesso delle scelte di fine vita. Attraverso un?analisi delle motivazioni poste alla base della legislazione Italiana, si è voluto fornire un quadro della normativa e della relativa evoluzione, sollevando alcuni interrogativi che debbono ancora trovare una risposta esaustiva. Si tratta di questioni che il diritto non può ignorare, ma che, al contempo, richiedono di essere affrontate delicatamente, tenendo conto del forte legame con l?etica e della plurivocità del concetto di dignità.
- Personas con discapacidad y libertad para testar(2020) Barrón Arniches, Paloma deThis communication is presented in connection with the possible reform of the Spanish Civil Code on disability. This question was analysed at the VIII International Congress of Family Law: ?New legislative and jurisprudential trends in disability, family and inheritance.? This paper carries out a critical analysis of the current civil norm of the CCE, comparing this regulation with the CCCat, as well as analysing the most recent jurisprudence regarding the ability to make a will, when the testator is a person who suffer some physical or psychic disability.
