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Language Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry. 2019. Vol. 11, no. 2
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- Effect of antioxidants on the shear bond strength of composite resin to enamel following extra-coronal bleaching(2019) Nari-Ratih, Diatri; Widyastuti, AndinaRecently patients need faster treatments, and delaying restoration is not possible following bleaching treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of antioxidants, namely 10% sodium ascorbate, 10% alpha-tocopherol, 10% green tea and 10% Aloe vera extract on the shear bond strength of composite resin to enamel following extra-coronal bleaching using 40% hydrogen peroxide. Seventy premolars were randomly assigned into 7 groups of 10 each. Group 1: bleaching treatment and no antioxidants application. Group 2: composite was built-up immediately after bleaching. Group 3: bleached specimens received composite build-up delayed by 2 weeks. Group 4, 5, 6 and 7: bleached specimens received an application of 10% sodium ascorbate, 10% alpha-tocopherol, 10% green tea, and 10% Aloe vera before composite build-up. Specimens were immersed in artificial saliva, stored in an incubator 37°C (24 hours), thermocycling, and tested using a universal testing machine. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey?s test with 95% level of significance. Bleaching caused significantly reduced shear bond strength (p<0.05), and application of 10% sodium ascorbate, 10% alpha-tocopherol, 10% green tea and 10% Aloe vera produced significantly greater shear bond strength compared to bleached group (P <0.05). However, no significant differences occurred between antioxidant groups (P >0.05). Application of antioxidants increased the shear bond strength of composite resin to enamel following extra-coronal bleaching using 40% hydrogen peroxide. 10% sodium ascorbate, 10% alpha-tocopherol, 10% green tea and 10% Aloe vera extracts produced the same effect on the shear bond strength of composite resin to enamel following extra-coronal bleaching using 40% hydrogen peroxide.
- Update of the therapeutic planning of irrigation and intracanal medication in root canal treatment. A literature review(2019) Prada, Ilaria; Micó Muñoz, Pedro; Giner-Lluesma, Teresa; Micó Martínez, Pablo; Muwaquet-Rodriguez, Susana; Albero, AlbertoThe success of endodontic treatment derives from the complete elimination of microorganisms capable of causing an intraradicular or extraradicular infection. To achieve a more effective eradication of these microorganisms, endodontic instrumentation must always be implemented with abundant irrigation, which has to achieve chemical, mechanical and biological effects. The irrigators most used today are NaOCl, CHX and EDTA, released into the ducts through different techniques such as syringe, manual agitation, positive or negative apical pressure, sonic or ultrasonic activation, PIPS and PDT. The objective of this review is to update the different irrigating solutions and intracanal disinfection drugs, as well as to establish an irrigation protocol in the endodontic treatment. Systematic search of scientific articles in the databases PubMed, Medline and Google Scholar, with the following keywords Endodontic, Infection, Failure, Irrigation, Retreatment and Irrigation protocol. The exclusion criteria were ?case report? articles and articles with a publication date prior to 2000. 48 articles that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed. Comparing the different articles it can be seen that the NaOCl is the ?gold standard? in terms of immediate antimicrobial efficacy, followed by the CHX that has a long-term antibacterial effect. As an intra-conductive drug it is advisable to use the combination of Ca(OH)2 with CPMC. The most adequate irrigation protocol consists of using 2.5% NaOCl activated with ultrasound followed by a final wash with 7% MA or 0.2% CTR combined with 2% CHX.
- Effect of mouthwashes on the integrity of composite resin and resin modified glass ionomer : in vitro study(2019) Armas Vega, Ana del Carmen; Casanova-Obando, Paola; Taboada-Alvear, María-Fernanda; Aldas-Ramírez, Jonathan-Eduardo; Montero-Oleas, Nadia; Viteri García, Andres AlejandroThe constant search for an improved esthetic dental material has led investigators to realize that its performance depends on the conditions where the material is used. It has been probed that the contact with mouth rinses triggers alterations, reason why the aim of this study was to identify their possible effects of it on the integrity of nanohybrid composite resin and resin modified glass ionomer. A total of 144 samples were manufactured with two nanohybrid composite resins and two resin modified glass ionomer restorative materials. The specimens were immersed in one of the three mouthwashes used in the study, for a total of 1092 minutes, with intervals of contact with artificial saliva. This strategy simulates three years of constant use of mouthwashes. The samples weight and surface roughness measurement was recorded with a precision scale and profilometer, at different stages: At the beginning of the study, after 546 minutes (simulating one and a half year), and after 1092 minutes (simulating three years). The collected data on surface roughness and weight were submitted to the analysis of variance (ANOVA), with repeated measures of three factors. The results determined shifts in values in terms of weight and roughness in all the samples. The composite resin ?Grandio? group was the one that showed bigger shifts, while the glass ionomer group ?Vitremer? showed stability on its structure. The evaluated mouthwashes displayed similar behavior between each other. The use of mouthwashes triggered changes on the structure of both dental materials: composite resin and resin modified glass ionomer mostly associated with surface roughness.
- Low-level laser therapy in patients with Burning Mouth Syndrome : a double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial(2019) Cassol-Spanemberg, Juliana; Segura-Egea, Juan J.; Rodríguez de Rivera Campillo, M. E.; Jane Salas, Enric; Salum, Fernanda-Gonçalves; López López, JoséEvaluate the effect of LLLT in the treatment of burning mouth syndrome (BMS). Twenty-one BMS patients were randomly assigned to two groups: 12 in the laser group (LG) and 9 in the control group (CG). Patients in the LG underwent 2-week sessions of LLLT for 4 weeks. The spot tip area of this tool is 0.088cm2, semi-conductor GaAlAs, with a wavelength of 808nm ±5nm (infrared), 200 mW output power, 1.97W/cm2 of power density, 3 J energy per point and application time 15 seconds per point. LLLT was applied punctually, in continuous emissions, on each of the sites where there was a symptom. Symptoms were evaluated with a visual analogue scale (VAS) and patient psychological profiles were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety-Depression Scale. No side effects were recorded. Statistical analysis was carried out via ANOVA and logistic regression analysis. The initial VAS score mean was 8.9 for the LG and 8.3 for the CG (p >0.05). After the eighth session the VAS score was 5.5 and 5.8 respectively, and at two months it was 4.7 and 5.1 respectively. Improvement variables were established by dichotomizing the pain scales. We obtained levels of significance for the improvement variable for the LG at the two-month follow-up (p=0.0038) and for the univariate analysis of the treatment. The improvement was marginally significant in the multivariant analysis of: dry mouth, dysgeusia, pain and the treatment (p=0.0538). LLLT may be an alternative treatment for the relief of oral burning in patients with BMS.
- Oral manifestations, salivary flow rates and Candida species in Thai HIV-infected patients(2019) Lam-ubol, Aroonwan; Rungsiyanont, Sorasun; Vacharotayangul, Piamkamon; Sappayatosok, Kraisorn; Chankanka, OitipEffects of various Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) regimens on oral heath are unclear. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate effects of HAART on oral manifestations, salivary flow rates (SFR) and Candida species in HIV-infected patients who took mostly non-protease inhibitor-based HAART regimens. A cross-sectional study was performed on HIV-infected patients taking and never taken HAART who attended Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre (n = 48). Non-HIV subjects were recruited as control (n = 20). Oral conditions and salivary flow rates were evaluated using oral examination and measurement of unstimulated and stimulated saliva. In addition, Candida colonization counts (colony forming units; CFUs) and Candida species from the collected saliva were evaluated using CHROMagar. The most common oral manifestation in HIV-infected subjects taking HAART was hyperpigmentation. Unstimulated and stimulated SFR among the three groups were not statistically significant. Candida colonization was detected in 64%, 65% and 35% of HIV-infected subjects taking HAART, HAART-naïve, and non-HIV subjects, respectively. While 20% and 35% of HIV-infected subjects with and without HAART, respectively, had Candida CFUs higher than 500/ml, all non-HIV carriers had Candida CFUs lower than 500/ml. The most common Candida colonization species was C. albicans in HAART and non-HIV groups. Interestingly, HAART-naïve group was colonized more by non-albicans species. HAART has minimal effects on oral health. While HAART may not prevent Candida colonization, it might lead to reduction of non-albicans species. Because maintaining low Candida counts is important, HAART administration and antifungal sensitivity test should be considered in HIV-infected patients.
- Influence of substrate design for in vitro mechanical testing(2019) Dal Piva, Amanda-Maria-de Oliveira; Tribst, João Paulo Mendes; Borges, Alexandre- Luiz-Souto; de Melo, Renata-Marques; BOTTINO, Marco AntônioThe goal of this study was to evaluate the influence of dental substrate simulator material, and the presence of root and periodontal ligament on the stress distribution in an adhesively-cemented monolithic crown. Five (5) 3D models according to the substrate simulator material and shape were modeled with CAD software for conducting non-linear finite element analysis (FEA): Tooth with and without periodontal ligament - subgroup ?pl? (groups Tooth+pl and Tooth-pl), machined tooth in epoxy-resin with and without pulp chamber - subgroup ?pc? (ER+pc and ER-pc) and simplified epoxy-resin substrate without pulp chamber and roots (SiER). Next, adhesively-cemented monolithic crowns in zirconia reinforced lithium silicate were modeled over each substrate. The solids were then imported in STEP format to the analysis software and the contact between teeth and cylinder was considered perfectly bonded; whereas, the contacts involving the resin cement were considered as non-separated. The materials were considered isotropic, linearly elastic, and homogeneous. An axial load (600 N) was applied to the occlusal surface and results of maximum principal stress (MPa) on the restoration were required. FEA revealed that all evaluated subtracts showed the crown intaglio surface as the most stressed region. The average stress and stress peaks were similar for restorations cemented onto Tooth+pl, Tooth-pl and ER+pc substrates, but, 13% higher in comparison to ER-pc and SiER substrates. Simplified substrates can be used to evaluate posterior full crown behavior without periodontal ligaments and roots, since the rigidity of the specimen is taken into account.
- Comparative cariostatic efficacy of a novel Nano-silver fluoride varnish with 38% silver diamine fluoride varnish a double-blind randomized clinical trial(2019) Tirupathi, Sunnypriyatham; SVSG, Nirmala; Rajasekhar, Srinitya; Nuvvula, SivakumarTo evaluate the clinical cariostatic efficacy of a concocted 5% Nano-silver incorporated Sodium fluoride (NSSF) dental varnish with 38% Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) in preventing the progression of dentinal caries of primary molars. A total of 159 active dentinal carious lesions in primary molars (from 50 children) were selected and randomly divided into two groups; NSSF and SDF. Varnish application was performed at the baseline visit and follow-up is carried out at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. Parameters such as caries activity, depth, size, colour, and presence or absence of pain were noted at baseline and follow-up visits. The intergroup comparison of caries activity status did not reveal significant difference between the number of active and arrested caries lesions in NSSF and SDF groups at any visit (p >0.05) during the 12-month follow-up. There was no difference between overall failure and success rates between the two groups at any follow-up period (p-0.48). Annual application of 5% NSSF is better than or equal to 38% SDF in preventing the progression of dentinal caries of primary molars. NSSF does not cause dark staining of dentinal tissue compared to the SDF and the use of NSSF can be recommended in children.
- Effect of different protective agents on enamel erosion : an in vitro investigation(2019) Colombo, Marco; Dagna, Alberto; Moroni, Giulia; Chiesa, Marco; Poggio, Claudio; Pietrocola, GiampieroThe purpose of this in vitrostudy was to compare the effect of different protective agents on enamel erosion by measuring mean percentage weight loss. Extracted teeth were sectioned into uniform slabs and enamel specimens were randomly distributed to different groups. Initial weight of all enamel specimens was registered. The protective agents used in this study were Tooth Mousse, MI Paste Plus, Remin Pro and Remin Pro Forte. A control group was treated just with tap water. All the specimens were immersed in Coca-Cola for a total of 8 min at room temperature, dried and weighed. Enamel dissolution caused by acidic soft drink was analyzed: specimens were weighed after each immersion period and mean percent weight loss was calculated. Weight loss data were subjected to Analysis of Variance (One-way ANOVA) followed by Bonferroni?s post hoc tests. All the groups showed a statistically significant loss of weight (p<0.01) during the testing periods, increased after 8 days (~55%) and 12 days (~70%) of exposure. Specimens treated with protective agents showed significantly lower % of weight loss especially with Remin Pro or Remin Pro Forte. Soft drinks can cause enamel erosion, but protective agents tested may enhance enamel resistance against erosion.
- In vitro assessment of the antifungal effects of neem powder added to polymethyl methacrylate denture base material(2019) Hamid, Shorouq-Khalid; Al-Dubayan, AlAnoud-Hamad; Al-Awami, Heba; Khan, Soban-Qadir; Gad, Mohammed-MoustafaDenture with antimicrobial activities is desirable to prevent Candida albican adhesion subsequently decreasing the susceptibility of denture stomatitis incidence. Azadirachta Indica, commonly known as Neem powder has antimicrobial effect but the effect of its addition to acrylic denture base on C. albicans adhesion has not been investigated. The aim of this study was determine whether adding neem powder to acrylic denture base materials could reduce Candida albicansadhesion. One hundred and twenty acrylic resin denture specimens were fabricated and divided into heat-polymerized (n=60) and auto-polymerized (n=60) groups. Each group was further divided into 6 groups (n=10) based on the neem concentration: 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5 wt% of the polymer. After polymerization, the specimens were polished, stored in distilled water, sonicated, sterilized, submerged in artificial saliva containing C. albicans, and finally, placed in an incubator at 37°C. Slide counting and direct culture methods were used to assess the antifungal effects of the neem addition. An analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey?s test were performed for the data analysis (p?0.05 was statistically significant). Based on the results, the neem addition significantly decreased the C. albicans count when compared to the control group (p?0.05). Moreover, the count decreased as the neem concentration increased (lowest count with 2.5 wt%). The results suggest that adding neem powder to acrylic resin denture base materials reduces the adhesion of C. albicans; therefore, the incorporation of neem could be a possible denture stomatitis prevention method.
- Sphenoid sinus mucocele : an unusual complication of head and neck irradiation in a North African woman(2019) Brunet García, Aina; Costa-Climent, Mª Dolores; Pujol-Rodríguez, Maria; Brunet García, Laia; Faubel Serra, MartaMucocele is a common benign lesion otherwise rarely located in the sphenoid sinus. Some complications after head and neck irradiation have been described in the literature until now. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a sphenoid sinus mucocele in a North African patient treated some years before with radiotherapy for a nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). We extend the literature review about this infrequent finding, of which head and neck surgeons should be aware.
- Pericoronitis : a clinical and epidemiological study in greek military recruits(2019) Katsarou, Thomai; Kapsalas, Andreas; Souliou, Christina; Stefaniotis, Theodoros; Kalyvas, DemosThis paper presents a statistical analysis of epidemiological, clinical and radiographical characteristics of third molar-related pericoronitis. 650 conscripts of the First Training Division of Conscript Soldiers of 2005 in Greece were recruited for the study. Each conscript was given a questionnaire and underwent a clinical test and a radiographic examination. The tested variables included the conscripts? personal information, oral hygiene parameters along with the radiographic angulation of the third molar, the level of impaction and their classification in relation to the edge of the mandible. The prevalence of pericoronitis was found to be 4.92%. The group of patients between 20 and 25 years old dominated in a percentage of 72.41%. The use of mouthwash along with the adequate frequency of teeth-brushing appeared to be related to a statistically significant decrease of the disease. Vertical impacted molars are more likely to present pericoronitis at a rate of 61.11%; plane A and the impacted teeth that are positioned to the front edge of the mandible according to class II, have a higher rate of prevalence. Finally, a brief literature review in comparison to our study is also presented.
- Oral health-related quality of life of adolescents after orthodontic treatment. A systematic review(2019) Ferrando-Magraner, Elena; García-Sanz, Verónica ; Bellot Arcís, Carlos; Montiel Company, José María; Almerich Silla, José Manuel; Paredes Gallardo, VanessaGiven the prevalence of malocclusions and the impact they have on oral health, patients? quality of life assessments provide useful information, not only in terms of patients? needs and expectations before treatment, but about whether or not orthodontic treatments meet them satisfactorily. The present systematic review was carried out to evaluate changes in the quality of life of adolescent patients after orthodontic treatment. An electronic search was conducted in the Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane and Scopus databases. The review followed PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Of the 817 studies identified in the initial search, only 10 met the inclusion criteria. In relation to the instrument used to assess oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), half the studies used the oral health impact profile-14 (OHIP-14) and the other half the child perceptions questionnaire (CPQ 11-14). All the studies, with the exception of Benson et al., reported a significant improvement in OHRQoL at the end of treatment. There is a positive association between OHRQoL and orthodontic treatment in adolescent patients.
- Extensive osteonecrosis of the maxilla caused by bisphosphonates : report of a rare case(2019) Santos, Murilo; Silveira, Karoline; Souza, Natália; Costa, Davi; Inaoka, SiriusBisphosphonates are drugs indicated for the treatment of bone metabolic diseases or malignant hypercalcemia. They are generally well-tolerated drugs, however, recent reports have described osteonecrosis of the jaw bones as a potentially serious complication related to the long-term use of these drugs. We report a case of severe osteonecrosis in a 52-years-old white woman that was taking bisphosphonates (zoledronic acid and alendronate) for the management of osteoporosis. Following a long exposure to these drugs and after being subjected to multiples exodontias, developed bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw compromising the whole maxilla and that extended toward the base of skull. Due to the extent of osteonecrosis, total maxillectomy and removal of all adjacent necrotic bone were planned guided by ultraviolet light. fluorescence. This case illustrates that if not treated correctly, bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw may cause significant morbidity, affect the quality of life and can eventually produce significant morbidity with the dissemination to noble structures and potentially causing life-threatening complications.
- Role of sintered temperature and sintering time on spectral translucence of nano-crystal monolithic zirconia(2019) Attachoo, Surawut; Juntavee, NiwutSintering process is accountable for aesthetic appearance of zirconia restoration. This study appraised the effect of different sintering procedure via sintered temperatures and sintering times on spectral translucence of monolithic zirconia. One hundred and thirty five monolithic zirconia specimens (width, length, thickness = 10, 20, 1.5 mm) were prepared from yttrium-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystalline (Y-TZP, Ceramill®) and unintentionally divided into nine groups to be sintered at different temperatures [decreasing- (SD, 1350°C), regular- (SR, 1450°C), and increasing- (SI, 1550°C) sintering temperature] and different sintering times [shortening- (HS, 60 min), regular- (HR, 120 min), and prolong- (HP, 180 min) sintering time]. Spectral translucence was determined by using spectrophotometer and calculated for translucency parameter (TP). The surface topography and grain size were evaluated by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Crystalline structures of monoclinic (m) and tetragonal (t) phases were determined by using the X-ray diffraction (XRD). An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine for significant differences of translucence upon different sintering processes (?=0.05). The mean, standard deviation of TP were 3.22±0.12 for SRHP, 3.14±0.18 for SIHS, 3.04±0.17 for SRHR, 2.94±0.18 for SRHS, 2.93±0.17 for SIHR, 2.67±0.15 for SIHP, 1.91±0.17 for SDHP, 1.34±0.21 for SDHR and 0.10±0.01 for SDHS. Spectral translucence was significantly affected by altering sintering temperatures and holding times (p<0.05). Enlargement of grain size and increasing t?m phase metamorphosis related with upraising sintered temperatures and extending sintered holding times were signified. Altering sintering parameters affected spectral translucence of zirconia. Upraising sintered temperature to SR and prolonging sintering time to HP were advocated to enhance spectral translucence of nano-crystal monolithic zirconia, and advised to accomplished aesthetic appearance of restoration in clinical practice.
- Shear bond strength of a flash-free orthodontic adhesive system after thermal aging procedure(2019) González-Serrano, Carlos; Baena, Eugenia; Fuentes Fuentes, María Victoria; Albaladejo Martínez, Alberto; Miguez Contreras, Manuel; O Lagravère, Manuel; Ceballos García, LauraThe aim of this study was to compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of a flash-free and precoated orthodontic adhesive with a compomer orthodontic adhesive before and after thermocycling. The adhesive remnant index (ARI) was also determined for both adhesives. The adhesive remnant index (ARI) was also determined for both adhesives. Material and Methods: A total of 120 human premolars were randomly divided into two groups (n=60) according to the orthodontic adhesive used: APC Flash-Free Adhesive Coated Appliance System (APC FF) or Transbond PLUS Color Change Adhesive (TP), as control. A SBS test was performed and ARI value for each specimen was also assessed. Results were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey?s Chi-square test (p<0.05). SBS values were significantly influenced by thermocycling (p<0.01). Neither the orthodontic adhesive nor the interaction between adhesive and thermocycling statistically affected SBS results (p>0.05). APC FF and TP showed similar bond strength results. Thermocycling induced a significant decrease in SBS values for the two adhesives tested, without differences between 10,000 and 20,000 thermal cycles. Moreover, APC FF left less adhesive remnants on the enamel compared to TP.
