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Language Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry. 2019. Vol. 11, no. 3
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- Oral manifestations of ellis-van creveld syndrome. A rare case report(2019) Peña Cardelles, Juan Francisco; Domínguez-Medina, David A.; Cano Durán, Jorge A.; Ortega Concepción, Daniel; Cebrián Carretero, José LuisEllis-van Creveld syndrome (EVC) or chondroectodermal dysplasia is an autosomal recessive disorder, characterized by dwarfism, polydactyly, hypoplastic fingernails and congenital heart defects, finding in most of the cases orofacial anomalies. We describe a clinical case of a 9 year old male patient diagnosed with EVC who visited our Maxillofacial private consultation at Alcorcon Southern Hospital, presenting typical oral manifestations such as dental agenesis, delayed eruption, hypoplasia of the enamel, dental dysmorphism, taurodontism and supernumerary teeth. EVC syndrome is a rare disease and requires a multidisciplinary approach. Oral features are constant and requires the jointly performance of Odontologist and Maxillofacial surgeon aiming to get an appropriate treatment sequence surgery-orthodontics in order to achieve a suitable functional result to improve the quality of life of these patients.
- Effect of Propolis mouthwash on plaque and gingival indices over fixed orthodontic patients(2019) Dehghani, Mahboobe; Abtahi, Mostafa; Hasanzadeh, Nadia; Farahzad, Zeinab; Noori, Mohamad; Noori, MeysamIn patients with fixed orthodontics, the presence of orthodontic appliances causes dental plaque accumulation and hygiene problems. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Propolis and chlorhexidine mouthwashes on plaque and gingival indices in patients who are undergoing orthodontic treatment. In this triple blind study, in total, 37 patients aged from 15 to 35 years those who have been undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment were studied. After that, one of the mouthwashes that containing either Propolis or Chlorhexidine was randomly prescribed to patients. The patients were asked to use mouthwashes twice a day after brushing their teeth for three weeks consecutively. Indicators of plaque, gingival and periodontal status (PI, GI, CPI) were determined on Ramford teeth at the beginning and at the end of three weeks for each patient. Then the results were analyzed statistically. The difference between the values of plaque index (P<0.001), gingival index (P=0.006) and periodontal index (P= 0.005) before and after administration of Propolis were statistically significant. The difference was also statistically significant for all three indexes of plaque (P<0.001), gingival (P=0.001) and periodontal (P=0.003) before and after chlorhexidine mouthwash usage. The indices after using mouthwashes were not statistically significant different between two mouthwash groups. It seems that Propolis mouthwash can be used as a suitable alternative in patients with fixed orthodontic treatment without the side effects of chlorhexidine mouthwash.
- CD73 a novel marker for the diagnosis of benign and malignant salivary gland tumors(2019) Ranjbar, Mohammad-Ali; Ranjbar, Zahra; Zahed, Maryam; Nikookar, NegarEcto-5?-nucleotidase (CD73) plays an important role in the development of several types of cancer; however, its prognostic significance in salivary gland tumors remains unknown. The current study was conducted to investigate the expression of CD73 in such tumors. In this retrospective study, immunohistochemical expression of CD73 was evaluated in 25 pleomorphic adenomas, 20 mucoepidermoid carcinomas and 20 adenoid cystic carcinomas using the Envision technique. Labeling indices of CD73 expression were calculated and compared between lesions. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that the CD73 expression was significantly higher in salivary gland tumors than in normal salivary gland tissue (p<0.001). CD73 expression was significantly higher in mucoepidermoid carcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma compared to pleomorphic adenoma p<0.001). In addition, the expression of CD73 was significantly higher in lymph node metastasizing cancers compared to non-metastasizing malignancies (P<0.001). In contrast, there was no significant association between CD73 expression and other clinicopathological variables such as age, gender, tumor size and distant metastasis (P>0.05). The findings suggest that CD73 can be an independent and useful biomarker for predicting the clinical behavior of salivary gland tumors.
- Mechanical and dentin bond strength properties of the nanosilver enriched glass ionomer cement(2019) Jowkar, Zahra; Jowkar, Mohammad; Shafiei, FereshtehThe aim of this study was to investigate the mechanical properties and dentin microshear bond strength of a conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC) compared to GIC supplemented with silver nanoparticles (SNPs) at 0.1% and 0.2% (w/w). SNPs were incorporated into a conventional GIC at 0.1% and 0.2% (w/w). The unmodified GIC was used as the control group. Compressive strength, flexural strength, and micro-shear bond strength (µSBS) to dentin were evaluated using a universal testing machine. Surface microhardness was determined using a Vickers microhardness tester. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey?s test. GICs containing 0.1% and 0.2% (w/w) SNPs significantly improved compressive strength, surface microhardness, and dentin µSBS compared to the unmodified GIC (p<0.05). A significant increase in the flexural strength was found for the GIC containing 0.2% (w/w) SNPs (p<0.05). However, the GIC containing 0.1% (w/w) SNPs did not affect flexural strength. GIC supplemented with SNP is a promising material for restoration because of its improved mechanical and bond strength properties. Therefore, it may be suggested for use especially in higher stress-bearing site restorations.
- Early identification of permanent maxillary canine impaction : a radiographic comparative study in a Mexican population(2019) Alejos-Montante, Karen; Martínez-Zumarán, Alán; Torre-Delgadillo, Gabriela; Rosales Bérber, Miguel Ángel; Garrocho Rangel, Arturo; Pozos Guillén, Amaury de JesúsOpportune diagnosis, prediction, and interceptive treatment of permanent maxillary canine (PMC) impaction is fundamental for pediatric dentists and orthodontists. In children and young adolescents, diagnostic information obtained from a panoramic radiograph is valuable for the overview and prediction of a potential PMC ectopic eruption into the oral cavity. The aim of the present study was to calculate and compare the prevalence of impaction of PMC in a Mexican pediatric sample (7 to 13 years old), through the use of the Ericson & Kurol (EK/L) and the Power & Short (PS) measurement analyses performed on panoramic radiographs. This investigation was a cross-sectional study performed on 515 panoramic radiographs, which were evaluated to assess the intraosseous position of right and left PMC, from patients who had attended our clinic between 2010 and 2017. Both analytical methods were applied on the same radiography. Outcomes from both analysis methods were expressed dichotomously (impacted or non-impacted). Thus, prevalence was calculated from each method, and the difference between them was verified through the Pearson?s Chi-square test. No statistical difference could be detected between both prevalence rates (p = 0.475). It was found a significant predilection of the condition to the female sex (p = 0.034). Further, the two radiographic methods employed here were highly concordant each other (kappa = 0.92). Through the EK/L method a PMC prevalence of 5.64% (95% CI = 3.66, 7.62) was obtained, while the PS Method the prevalence was 8.83% (95% CI = 6.38, 11.28). In addition, a significant predilection of canine impaction to the female gender was found.
- Prevalence of maxillary canine impaction in skeletal Class III malocclusions compared to Class I malocclusions(2019) Di Carlo, Gabriele; Saccucci, Matteo; Luzzi, Valeria; Ierardo, Gaetano; Vozza, Iole; Sfasciotti, Gian-Luca; Polimeni, AntonellaThe aim of the present investigation was to evaluate if an orthodontic population of Class III malocclusion patients shows a different prevalence of maxillary canine impaction than Class I subjects. Fifty-eight subjects were retrospectively selected and assigned to the Class I group (n= 32) or the Class III group (n= 26), depending on the ANB and WITS values. Lateral cephalograms were used to collect angular and linear measurements that described the skeletal and dental maxillary features of the subjects, while orthopantomography was used to assess the impaction or the correct eruption of the maxillary canines. An independent samples T-test or a Mann?Whitney U-test was used to compare the cephalometric values between the two groups, while a chi-squared test was used to evaluate the distribution of maxillary canine impaction between the two groups. No statistically significant difference was found for the cephalometric variables, and the frequency of canine impaction showed no difference between the Class III and Class I subjects. Patients with skeletal Class III malocclusions did not show a different prevalence of canine impaction; therefore, such skeletal features cannot be used as a diagnostic aid for assessment of the risk of maxillary canine impaction.
- Bond strength and elemental analysis of oxidized dentin bonded to resin modified glass ionomer based restorative material(2019) Al-Gerny, Youssef-Abdullah; Ghorab, Sayed-Mohammed; Soliman, Tarek-AhmedThis study aimed to investigate the influence of hesperidin application on the bonding of resin-modified glass ionomer-based restorative material to dentin treated with oxygen-induced endodontic irrigants. One hundred human permanent molars were categorized into five groups (n= 20/group), treated with various irrigants as follows: Group C; distilled water (control group), Group SH; 5.25% NaOCl, Group SH+H; 5.25% NaOCl + 5 % hesperidin, Group HP; 10% H2O2, Group HP+H; 10% H2O2 + 5 % hesperidin. Specimens were bonded with RMGI based restorative material. For each group, half of the specimens were evaluated for µSBS by a universal testing machine and the other half for dentin ion uptake by EDX. Additional ten specimens (n=2/per group) were prepared for the micro-morphological analysis under SEM. Hesperidin groups improved the µSBS, with a significant effect for HP+H group (p<. 05). Dentin ion uptake was significantly (p<. 05) improved in hesperidin groups. In conclusion, Application of hesperidin in conjunction with RMGI based restorative material improved the dentin bond strength and ion uptake; this could be a promising approach to aid dental practitioners in their decisions, regarding which restorative material to use especially in caries susceptible patients.
- A comparative study of mechanical resistance of two reciprocating files(2019) Di Nardo, Dario; Galli, Massimo; Morese, Antonio; Seracchiani, Marco; Ferri, Valerio; Miccoli, Gabriele; Gambarini, Gianluca; Testarelli, LucaTo evaluate the cyclic fatigue resistance of two different Nickel-Titanium instruments, Reziflow (Komet, Brasseler GmbH & Co., Lemgo, Germany) and WaveOne Gold (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland). Two groups of 20 different NiTi endodontic instruments of identical tip size of 0.25 mm were tested; Reziflow and Wave-One Gold primary. Cyclic fatigue testing was performed in a stainless steel simulated root canal manufactured by reproducing the instrument?s size and taper. A simulated root canal with a 90 degrees angle of curvature and 5 mm radius of curvature was constructed for the instruments tested. The centre of the curvature was 5 mm from the tip of the instrument and the curved segment of the canal was approximately 5 mm in length. Both the instruments were used in the same preset program specific for the WaveOne instruments. Each instrument was rotated until fracture occurred and the time to fracture (TtF) and the length of the fractured fragment were recorded. Means and standard deviations of TtF and fragment length were calculated and data were subjected to statical analysis (P<0.05). Statistically significant differences (P<0.05) were noted between Reziflow and WaveOne Gold instruments. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in the mean length of the fractured fragments between the instruments. Rezifllow instruments were associated with a significantly higher cyclic fatigue resistance than WaveOne Gold instruments.
- Orthodontic treatment of patient with maxillofacial fibrous dysplasia : a case report(2019) Subramani, Karthikeyan; Lee, Veronica; Krisko, Alex; Huja, Sarandeep S.Fibrous dysplasia is a benign skeletal disorder in which the normal bone and marrow are replaced by fibrous tissue and haphazardly distributed woven bone. The aim of this case report is to discuss the orthodontic treatment of a 13-year-old patient with fibrous dysplasia in the left maxilla. The patient had rotated maxillary second premolars, moderate crowding in both maxillary and mandibular arches with low maxillary frenal attachment. Orthodontic treatment was done with full fixed appliance and extraction of maxillary and mandibular third molars. Maxillary frenectomy and free gingival graft in mandibular anterior region were performed by a periodontist. The oral and maxillofacial surgery team monitored fibrous dysplasia in the left maxilla on a yearly interval. There is very limited information about orthodontic management of patients with craniofacial fibrous dysplasia. This case report discusses the orthodontic treatment and the importance of interdisciplinary approach in the management of patient with maxillofacial fibrous dysplasia.
- Effects of fluoride versus amorphous calcium phosphate solutions on enamel microhardness of white spot lesions : an in-vitro study(2019) Farzanegan, Fahimeh; Morteza-Saadat-Mostafavi, Seyed; Ameri, Hamideh; Khaki, HosseinDevelopment of white spot lesions around orthodontic fixed orthodontic appliances is a common finding, especially in patients with poor oral hygiene. One of the conservative interventions for regression of these lesions is using chemical solutions. The current study aimed to compare the effectiveness of fluoride and amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) on microhardness improvement of affected enamel. Forty-five intact human incisor teeth were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups of 15. Fluoride group, ACP group and artificial saliva group (control group). Inducing of white spot lesion was done by PH-cycling model. Samples of the first and second group were submerged into 0.05% fluoride and 0.05% ACP solutions respectively for one minute a day. The rest of the time, all specimens were put in artificial saliva, which was incubated in 37 °c temperature. Microhardness of specimens was assessed by Vickers microhardness test in three stages: 1: Baseline microhardness assessment that was done before induction of white spot lesion, 2: Secondary microhardness assessment that was done after induction, 3: Final microhardness assessment that was done after chemical treatment. The SPSS 11.5 software was used for statistical analysis and p< 0.05 was considered as significant. Microhardness of specimens in the fluoride and ACP groups had significantly improved after the treatment (between secondary assessment and final assessment). In the control group, no significant improvements were observed. In final assessment, there were significant differences between the ACP and control groups, but no significant differences were found neither between the fluoride and ACP, nor the Fluoride and control groups. According to the current study, both 0.05% ACP and 0.05% fluoride solutions enhanced enamel micro-hardness in treatment of white spot lesion.
- Bilateral Bifid mandibular canals ? Special relevance for a general dental practitioner. Report of 2 cases(2019) Sholapurkar, Amar; Davies, CailinDental practitioners may encounter bifid mandibular canals upon radiographic assessment, and may not understand the true extent of this presentation. The presentation of a bifid mandibular canal poses difficulties when carrying out dental procedures, including administration of mandibular block anaesthesia, oral surgical procedures of the lower third molars, orthognathic surgery and implant placement. Therefore it is of paramount importance that general dental practitioners be aware of the radiographic appearance, as incorrect diagnosis of this rare presentation can lead to detrimental consequences. The purpose of the communication is to draw dental practitioner?s attention to the variations of bifid mandibular canals and ensure practitioners interpret radiograph correctly to make an informed diagnosis and eliminate the risk of damage and discomfort in the event of surgical treatment being carried out. It is advised that dental practitioners refer for further imaging such as a cone beam scan for greater understanding of the anatomical variation.
- Evaluation of shear bond strength of zirconia to composite resin using different adhesive systems(2019) Zakavi, Faramarz; Mombeini, Mehrnoosh; Dibazar, Sana; Gholizadeh, SarahTo evaluate shear bond strength of zirconia to composite resin using different universal and conventional adhesives and a zirconia primer. Forty zirconia blocks were fabricated of zirconium ingots (10×10×5 mm) and sintered at 1530°C for 2 hours. They were then air-abraded with Al2O3 particles. The specimens were divided into 4 groups and subjected to one of the following bonding agents: Futurabond U (group 1), Clearfil Universal Bond, universal adhesives (group 2), Z-Prime Plus, zirconia primer (group 3) and Adper Single Bond 2, conventional adhesive (group 4). Composite resin was then applied in a diameter of 5 mm and in a thickness of 2 mm. All the specimens were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours and then thermocycled between 5°C and 55°C for 5000 cycles with a 30-second dwell time. The shear bond strength was then evaluated with a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. Data (MPa) were analyzed using ANOVA and LSD test (P?0.05). The specimens were evaluated under a stereomicroscope to determine the mode of failure. The mean shear bond strength was 16,874 MPa in group I, 13.4434 MPa in group II, 11.6500 MPa in group III and 6.8700 MPa in group IV. ANOVA revealed that the shear bond strength in group IV was significantly lower than that in other groups (P?0.05). The shear bond strength in group I was significantly higher than that in groups III and IV. So Universal adhesives could provide higher shear bond strength of zirconia to composite resin after thermocycling compared to zirconia primers.
- Dentin-pulp complex reactions in conventional and radiation-related caries : a comparative study(2019) Fonsêca, Jéssica-Montenegro; Palmier, Natalia; Silva, Wagner-Gomes; Morais-Faria, Karina; Vargas, Pablo Agustín; Lopes, Márcio Ajudarte; Salvajoli, João-Victor; Brandao, Thais-Bianca; Ribeiro, Ana-Carolina-Prado; Almeida, José Flávio Affonso de; Goes, Mario Fernando; Santos Silva, Alan RogerRadiation-related caries (RRC) is one of the most significant oral toxicities of head and neck radiotherapy (HNRT); however, the potential of radiation to directly cause harmful dentin and pulpal effects and impair response to caries progression is controversial. Therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize the reactions of the dentin-pulp complex in teeth affected by RRC. Patients and methods: Twenty-two carious teeth extracted from 22 head and neck cancer (HNC) patients were divided into control (conventional caries; n=11) and irradiated (RRC; n=11) groups and paired matched by dental homology, clinical patterns of caries progression following the Post-Radiation Dental Index (PRDI) and microscopic depth of carious invasion. Histopathological characteristics based on morphological hierarchy, cell populations of dental pulp, blood vessels, neural elements, extracellular matrix components, inflammation, patterns of carious invasion and reactionary dentin presence were evaluated by optical light microscopy and histomorphometry. Mean PRDI scores were 3.2 for the control group and 3.8 for the irradiated group. Dentin demineralization patterns were also similar between the groups and the mean depths of demineralization were 1,158.58µm and 1,056.89µm for the control and irradiated groups, respectively. Pulp histopathological changes and dentin reaction patterns were similar between groups and varied according to the PRDI scores and carious lesions depth. Dentin and pulp reactions are highly preserved in RRC teeth.
- In vitro assessment of retention and resistance failure loads of complete coverage restorations made for anterior maxillary teeth restored with two different cast post and core designs(2019) Bakirtzoglou, Efpraxia; Kamalakidis, Savvas N.; Pissiotis, Argirios; Michalakis, Konstatinos X.The purpose of this in vitrostudy was to evaluate the retention and resistance form of complete coverage restorations supported by two different cast post and core designs. Forty extracted maxillary central incisors were randomly divided into four groups of 10 specimens each (namely A, B, C and D). All specimens were endodontically treated and a uniform post space of 9mm was created. All prepared teeth had a 360o chamfer ferrule of 2mm in axial height measured 0.5mm coronally from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) and an axial wall thickness of 1.5 mm. Specimens in groups A and C received cast post and cores with the standardized core design, where the core ended at the coronal part of the ferrule, while specimens in groups B and D received cores that were encircling the ferrule. Cemented complete coverage restorations in groups A and B underwent tensile load stress, while the restorations in groups C and D underwent compressive load stress until failure. Teeth in group A exhibited a mean failure load of 326.14±83.67 N under tension, while teeth in group B exhibited a mean failure load of 332.79±80.38 N (p=0.858). Teeth in group C recorded a mean failure load of 1042.81±205.07 N, and in group D a mean failure load of 875.15±167.64 N (p=0.061) under compression was registered. The standard cast post and core design with a 2 mm of ferrule height offers superior resistance, although not statistically significant (p=0.061), when compared to the core design encircling the axial wall ferrule. Both cast post and core designs offer equal retention. However, different failure modes of decementation were noted.
- Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis in determining the saliva protein of orthodontic patients during retention phase(2019) Awang-Kechik, Noor-Hidayah; Ahmad, Rohana; Doustjalali, Saeid-Reza; Sabet, Negar-Shafiei; Abd Rahman, Aida Nur AshikinThe biological responses involved during retention phase have been studied for many years but little is known about the effect of saliva proteome during retention phase of post-orthodontic treatment. This study aims to identify the protein profiles during retention phase in relation to biological processes involved by Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) approach. A total of 5 ml of unstimulated saliva was collected from each subject (10 non-orthodontic patients and 15 post-orthodontic patients with 6-months retention phase). Samples were then subjected to LC-MS analysis. The expressed proteins were identified and compared between groups. Incisor irregularity for both maxilla and mandible were determined with Little?s Irregularity Index at 6-months retention phase. 146 proteins and 135 proteins were expressed in control and 6-months retention phase group respectively. 15 proteins were identified to be co-expressed between groups. Immune system process was only detected in 6-months retention phase group. Detected protein in immune system process was identified as Tyrosine-protein kinase Tec. Statistical significant of incisor irregularity was only found in mandible at 6-months retention phase. Our study suggests that immune system process protein which is Tyrosine-protein kinase Tec could be used as biomarker for prediction of stability during retention phase of post-orthodontic treatment.
