Log In 
Language Caplletra : Revista Internacional de Filologia. 2001. No. 30
Permanent URI for this collection
Browse
Recent Submissions
- Els noms dels vents: estudi contrastiu català-castellà-anglès(2001) Campos, ÀngelsL'article conté un estudi descriptiu sobre els recursos morfològics i semàntics que s'utilitzen en català, castellà i anglés per a crear els noms populars dels vents a fi de poder mostrar els paranys que es podrien presentar en la traducció d'aquests termes, tenint en compte que en cada regió, segons la situació, les característiques d'un vent pot presentar característiques diferents.
- L'expressió de les hores en català : anàlisi contrastiva(2001) Torres i Vilatarsana, MartaWhat time is it? Prefaced by this question, this paper investigates a number of ways to express the time in Catalan from a dialectal and pragmatic perspectiva. In this article, all dialectal varieties of the two main ways to tell the time (one based on the next hour, i.e. “one quarter of nine”, and the other based on the current hour, i.e. “eight and a quarter”) from the data from 190 locations surveyed for the Atles Lingüístic del Domini Català are described. The results of this analysis are compared to descriptive and normative proposals: grammars, style manuals, dictionaries, and other information sources. Finally, we give an account of the decline or the success of the two ways to tell the time in Catalan dialects by comparing them with the common ways to tell the time in neighbor languages, and by identifying aspects of linguistic economy and the degree of similarity between the ways, and by studying their sociolinguistic development.
- Els derivats d'Esse i Stare en les llengües romàniques(2001) Ramos Alfajarín, Joan-RafaelThis paper presenta a contrastive analysis of the Romance verbs derived from ESSE and STARE. The lexical and syntactic characteristics of these verbs in Latin and their locative and atributive uses clearly contrast with actual Romance uses. This contrast highlights the variable extension of the verbs derived from STARE assuming the space of those derived from ESSE.One extreme of the clyne is represented by the Hispanic languages (i.e., Spanish, Portuguese and Catalan), which have developed more uses and thus extended further the STARE forms. On the opposite extreme, there is French, which has no STARE uses. In between, there are Occitan, Sardinian, Italian and Romanian, which include some forms derived from STARE, but their extension is inferior to the extension reached in the Hispanic languages. The analysis focusses on the factors that have interacted and influenced on this extension of use and points to the present tendencies.
- Anàlisi contrastiva de la innovació lèxica en català i en castellà(2001) Cabré i Castellví, María Teresa; Freixa Aymerich, Judit; Solé, ElisabetThe contrastive analysis of a corpus of neologisms is an appropriate way to describe and analyse the mechanisms of lexical innovation used to update the lexicon. It also shows the degree of linguistic coincidence and helps make hypotheses on the influence of some languages on others. The synchronic study of several neologisms from the Neology Observatory highlights the degree of coincidence and divergence between Catalan and Spanish with respect to two aspects: (i) the mechanisms of innovation (morphological, semantics and borrowings) and (ii) the resulting neologisms. This analysis also allows to make some hypotheses about the influence of Spanish and other languages on Catalan.
- Les activitats no són accions (situacions i tipus de text en anglès i en català)(2001) Alturo, NúriaThis paper seeks to show that Activities do not form a natural class with neither Actions nor States. We suggest that these categories are not objective situation classes, but different (subjective) ways of conceptualizing the dynamics and the discreteness of a given situation. Having been a situation conceptualized as an Action, an Activity or a State (non-discrete o discrete), the discourse chunk which represents it is organized according to a particular mode or textual type which reflects the speaker perspective: a narrative, an exposition of activities, an exposition of states, or a description. Provided that Activities determine one particular way of organizing the discourse structure, it does not make sense to include them into neither of the other two classes. A comparison of English texts with Catalan texts contributes, in this paper, to make more obvious the need for an independent treatment of Activities.
- Les partícules modals alemanyes i els seus equivalents en català des d'una perspectiva contrastiva(2001) Ferrer Mora, HangIn this paper we present a first approach to the German modal particles and their equivalents in Catalan. The German modal particles are a word group described in the German linguistics with functional criteria which does not exist in any romance language: this is also the case with Catalan. The meaning of modal particles belongs to the pragmatic level and is related to the speaker’s attitudes, but modal particles show some other discursive properties as well. Firstly, German modal particles as a linguistic phenomenon will be described. Secondly, some of their equivalents in Catalan will be established by means of comparing original literary texts in German and their translation into Catalan. Finally, all linguistic means of translation for the German modal particles in Catalan will be classified.
- La retòrica contrastiva : una panoràmica de l'àrea(2001) Fernández Polo, Francisco JavierThe paper offers a comprehensive view of the field of Contrastive Rhetoric, its origins, its main hypotheses, its methodology as well as the application of its findings, principally, in the two areas of foreign language teaching and the resolution of problems in various contexts of «professional» communication. In the paper, a special effort is made to summarise and explain the results of those studies which specifically focus on the Spanish language. Finally, we will point at the existence of a series of methodological and even ideological problems which have haunted the discipline from the very beginning, and which have lately generated some concern among specialists both in and outside the field.
- Els marcadors pragmàtics compostos en el relat oral anglès i català(2001) González, MontserratPragmatic markers are linguistic units that the speaker uses to organize, recover, reformulate and segment the information that s/he supplies to the hearer. They are a feature of oral rather than written discourse. They have little or no propositional meaning. By means of pragmatic markers, the speaker transmits intentions, actions, and thoughts. They help to make a text coherent in as much as they are cues that facilitate the cognitive processing of information and constrain inferences and presuppositions. They are multifunctional, operating at several discourse levels simultaneously: sequential, rhetorical and ideational (Redeker 1990). Their omission involves a violation of gricean cooperative principle, and the maxims of quantity and relevance in particular. The pairing of two or more pragmatic markers results into a compound pragmatic marker (CPM). These units facilitate, to a great extent, the shifts onto distinct contextual realms or discourse structures (ideational, sequential and rhetorical). Their combinatory functions result into a) a change of attentional state of the speaker or shift of cognitive frame, and b) a remarkable emphasis on the illocutionary point of the segment. When a CPM is used, the processing cost of information is lowered.
- Anàlisi contrastiva dels marcadors de reformulació i exemplificació(2001) Cuenca Ordiñana, Maria JosepThe aim of this paper is to present a contrastive analysis of reformulation and exemplification markers in Catalan and Spanish, on the one hand, and in English, on the other. The study is based on a corpus of expository prose (mainly academic writing). The analysis shows coincidences regarding the sources of the connectives, but also differences relating to the variety of forms and the preference of fixed or variable connectives. The differences identified in the grammar of Catalan and Spanish vs. that of English will be associated with two distinct styles for building expository texts.
- Anàlisi contrastiva: antecedentes i perspectives(2001) Cuenca Ordiñana, Maria JosepThis presentation article reviews the main landmarks in the history of Contrastive Analysis as a perspective in the study of language that can be included in both Theoretical and Applied Linguistics. After this general introduction to the subject of the volume, the papers are presented.
