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Language Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry. 2025. Vol. 17, no. 09
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- In vitro comparison of the surface roughness of three nanohybrid resin composites before and after dry and wet polishing(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Quispe-Pillco, Aldana; Bendezú-Quispe, Xiomara; Castro-Ramírez, Leonor; Huamani-Echaccaya, José-Luis; Rosas-Díaz, José C.; Ladera Castañeda, Marysela Irene; Cayo Rojas, César FélixNanohybrid resin composites are widely used in esthetic dentistry, and the choice of an appropriate polishing technique can influence their surface properties. The aim of this study was to compare, in vitro, the surface roughness of three nanohybrid resin composites before and after dry and wet polishing. This in vitro longitudinal experimental study included 60 composite resin discs, evenly distributed into three groups (n = 20): Filtek Z250XT, Opallis, and Tetric N-Ceram. Each group was further divided into two equal subgroups (n = 10) for the application of dry and wet polishing techniques. Surface roughness was measured using a digital profilometer before and after polishing. Independent and paired Student’s t-tests were used for statistical analysis, with a significance level set at p < 0.05. Prior to polishing, no significant differences in average surface roughness (Ra) were found among the resin groups, indicating adequate standardization: Filtek Z250XT (p = 0.899), Opallis (p = 0.585), and Tetric N-Ceram (p = 0.721). Following dry or wet polishing, no significant intragroup differences were observed: Filtek Z250XT (p = 0.066), Opallis (p = 0.124), and Tetric N-Ceram (p = 0.584). When comparing pre- and post-treatment values, Filtek Z250XT showed a significant reduction only with wet polishing (p = 0.003). In contrast, both Opallis and Tetric N-Ceram exhibited a significant decrease in roughness with both polishing methods: dry (p = 0.044 and p = 0.001, respectively) and wet (p < 0.001 for both). Both dry and wet polishing were effective in reducing the surface roughness of Opallis and Tetric N-Ceram resin composites, whereas in Filtek Z250XT, a significant reduction was observed only with wet polishing. These findings suggest that the effectiveness of the polishing procedure may vary depending on the type of resin composite, which should be considered when selecting clinical finishing and polishing protocols to optimize the surface properties of restorative materials.
- The effect of adding nanodiamond and calcium carbonate on flexural strength of resin modified and conventional glass ionomer(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Sharafeddin, Farahnaz; Jamshidi, Maryam; Moradian, MarziehThis in vitro study evaluated the effect of adding two types of nanoparticles—nanodiamonds and calcium carbonate—to conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC) and resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) on their flexural strength. Using a precision digital scale, 0.2 wt.% nanodiamond particles or 4 wt.% calcium carbonate nanoparticles were added to the powders of CGIC (GC Fuji II LC Gold, GC Corp., Japan) and RMGIC (GC Fuji IX LC Gold; GC Corp., Japan). Six groups of materials were prepared (n=10 each): 1) GIC, 2) GIC with 0.2 wt.% nanodiamond, 3) GIC with 4 wt.% calcium carbonate, 4) RMGIC, 5) RMGIC with 0.2 wt.% nanodiamond, and 6) RMGIC with 4 wt.% calcium carbonate. The mixtures were placed into rectangular molds (25 mm × 2 mm × 2 mm), and flexural strength was measured using a universal testing machine. Data were analyzed using the Shapiro–Wilk test, two-way ANOVA, and Tukey’s post hoc test (α = 0.05). Group 6 (RMGIC + 4% calcium carbonate) showed the highest flexural strength (31.90 MPa) among all groups (P < 0.001). The flexural strength of the CGIC group (7.96 MPa) was significantly lower than that of all other groups (P < 0.001), except for Group 2 (GIC + 0.2% nanodiamonds). The flexural strengths of Groups 2 and 3 (GIC + 4% calcium carbonate) were statistically similar. RMGIC groups exhibited significantly higher flexural strength compared to their corresponding CGIC groups (P < 0.05). Adding 4 wt.% calcium carbonate to both GIC and RMGIC enhances their resistance and clinical performance in stress-bearing areas. The addition of 0.2 wt.% nanodiamonds improved the flexural strength of RMGIC, although to a lesser extent than calcium carbonate.
- Effectiveness of the NOLA Dry Field device as an isolation system for bonding lower lingual retainers(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Antelo-Ríos, Sara; Sastre Álvaro, Henar; Nieto Sánchez, Iván; del Campo-Albendea, LauraThe retention stage has been the most controversial phase of orthodontic treatment, as there are no specific guidelines regarding the type, mode and duration of retention. The detachment of a retainer creates urgency, necessitates additional consultation time and increases the risk of tooth movement. Therefore, ensuring the stability of a retainer and preventing detachment is crucial, particularly as saliva moisture poses a risk during bonding. This pilot study employs an epidemiological, observational, descriptive and longitudinal design to compare the failure rates of lower lingual retainers cemented with the NOLA retractor against those cemented with the Spandex retractor. The sample comprised 32 participants, with 16 each in the NOLA group and the relative isolation group. The NOLA group included 10 men (62.5%), while the isolation group had only 3 men (18.7%). The normality of the data was assessed using the Shapiro–Wilk test, and the Student’s t-test was applied to compare changes between the NOLA and relative isolation groups. The failure rate was higher in the relative isolation group (37.5%) compared with the NOLA group (25.0%), although this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.446). A progressive and significant increase in the Little’s Irregularity Index values was observed in both groups over time. While there was a greater increase in values in the NOLA group, the difference did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.108 at 3 months and p = 0.284 at 6 months). Both isolation methods demonstrated similar success rates in retaining fixed retainers over the analysed time period.
- Impact of the reuse of reciprocating instruments on cyclic fatigue resistance: WaveOne Gold and R-Motion(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Murat, Gabriela; Bueno, Carlos Eduardo da Silveira; Meloni, Carlos Henrique; Rocha, Daniel-Guimarães-Pedro; Stringheta, Carolina Pessoa; Martin, Alexandre Sigrist; Pelegrine, Rina; Nascimento, Wayne; Limoeiro, Ana-Grasiela; Fontana, CarlosThis study aimed to evaluate the cyclic fatigue resistance of WaveOne Gold (WOG) and R-Motion (RM) nickel-titanium instruments after multiple simulated clinical uses. A total of 48 instruments (24 WOG and 24 RM) were tested. For each instrument system, files were divided into four subgroups (n=6 per subgroup) based on the number of prior simulated clinical uses: WOG0 and RM0 (new, no prior use), WOG1 and RM1 (single prior use), WOG2 and RM2 (two prior uses), and WOG3 and RM3 (three prior uses). Instrumentation was performed in 3D-printed resin teeths designed to simulate the mesial root canals of mandibular first molars. Subsequently, all instruments were subjected to a dynamic cyclic fatigue test in a stainless-steel artificial canal until fracture occurred. The number of cycles to fracture (NCF) was recorded. The groups had a normal distribution and were analyzed using the parametric ANOVA test, considering a 95% confidence interval, where the One-Way ANOVA, Bonferroni, Tukey, and Scheffe’ tests were used. The time to fracture of the RM was higher when compared to the WOG (p 0.05). There was no significant difference between the length of the fractured instruments. Although both instruments showed good resistance to cyclic fatigue after 3 uses, the RM had better cycle fatigue resistance than the WOG.
- Exploring the impact of dentine hypersensitivity: validation of the Spanish DHEQ-15 and Its cultural adaptation(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Bazarova, Tomiris; Montiel Company, José María; Gil Loscos, FranciscoDentine hypersensitivity (DH) is a common condition with varying patient perceptions, making diagnosis and management challenging. Patient-reported outcome measures, such as the Dentine Hypersensitivity Experience Questionnaire (DHEQ-15), provide valuable insights into its impact on daily life. This study aimed to adapt and validate the Spanish version of the DHEQ-15 for use in Spain, ensuring its reliability and relevance for Spanish-speaking patients. A structured translation and cross-cultural adaptation process followed Beaton et al.’s (2000) methodology. Spanish-speaking participants aged 35–60 completed the DHEQ-15. Psychometric properties were assessed through factor analysis for construct validity, Cronbach’s alpha for internal consistency, and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for test-retest reliability. Sociodemographic factors such as gender, age, and education level were also analyzed. The Spanish DHEQ-15 was well-received. It showed excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.958) and high test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.932). Factor analysis identified three main dimensions: Restrictions-Coping, Psychosocial Impact, and Identity explaining 76% of score variance. The questionnaire was easy to complete, with an average completion time of 4 minutes. Women scored higher in ‘Restrictions-Coping,’ while age and education level showed no significant associations. The Spanish DHEQ-15 has been successfully adapted and validated in Spain, demonstrating high reliability and validity. It is a viable and effective tool for assessing the impact of DH on the quality of life of Spanish-speaking populations.
- Impact of fixation pins and metal sleeves on the precision of guided endodontics: an analysis using extracted teeth(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Loureiro, Marco Antonio Zaiden; Almeida Silva, Julio; Capeletti, Lucas Raineri; da Silva, Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal; Santana, Maria Luiza Lima; Estrela, Carlos; Guedes, Orlando-Aguirre; de Almeida Decurcio, DanielThis study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of guided endodontic access and fiberglass post removal, comparing stabilization methods such as metal sleeves and fixation pins. Sixty-four extracted human teeth (32 mandibular molars and 32 single-rooted teeth) were divided into groups based on the use or non-use of fixation pins and metal sleeves. Precision was assessed using pre- and post-procedure CBCT scans to analyze deviations in bur positioning. For guided endodontic access, significant differences in angular deviation were found between the group using fixation and no sleeves (2.64°) and the group without fixation and sleeves (1.37°) (P0.05). Mean deviations in post removal ranged from 1.98° to 2.15°. Guided endodontic techniques are highly reliable, with metal sleeves and fixation pins offering no significant improvement in precision.
- Bond strength to dentin after chemomechanical caries removal(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Matos, Danúbia; de Castro, Fernanda; Rocha, Fernanda; Barreiros, Ivan; Genari, Bruna; Jardilino, Francisca; Yamauti, Monica; Lanza, CéliaThis study aimed to evaluate bond strength of self-etching adhesive to dentin following chemomechanical dentin or burs carious removal. Twenty-two sound molars were sectioned transversely to achieve complete exposure of dentin, followed by the induction of artificial caries. The teeth were randomly divided into two groups: Brix—carious dentin removal with papain-based gel (Brix 3000), and Burs—carious dentin removal with drills. A morphological analysis of prepared dentin was performed on two samples from each experimental group using scanning electron microscopy. Teeth were restored using a self-etch adhesive system (Clearfil SE Bond, Kuraray) and composite resin (Filtek Z350 XT, 3M Oral Care). For the microtensile bond strength μTBS test, beams were tested under tensile stress after 24 hours of storage in distilled water. Fractographic failure mode was performed using a stereomicroscope and two beams from each group were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The data were analyzed using an independent samples t-test with a significance level of α=0.05. The μTBS ranged from 23.84 ± 5.77 MPa for the Brix group to 28.91 ± 4.82 MPa for the burs group. There was no statistical difference between the groups (p = 0.06). The adhesive failure was the most prevalent in both groups. The chemomechanical carious dentin removal using papain gel formulation Brix3000® did not affect bond strength compared to bur removal method.
- Oral candidiasis mimicking mucosal lesions of bullous pemphigoid during systemic corticosteroid therapy: a case report(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Nakata, Jumi; Maruyama, Yoshihito; Ozasa, Kana; Young, Andrew; Noma, NoboruBullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune blistering disorder mainly affecting the elderly. Although primarily cutaneous, bullous pemphigoid can occasionally involve the oral mucosa, which complicates diagnosis and management.We report an 88-year-old woman with diabetes and dementia who presented with tense bullae on her limbs. Systemic corticosteroid therapy improved the skin lesions, but new painful erosions appeared on the hard palate. Although mucosal BP was considered, the concurrent improvement of cutaneous symptoms suggested an opportunistic infection instead. Culture confirmed Candida albicans, and antifungal therapy led to rapid resolution. This case highlights the diagnostic challenge of distinguishing between BP progression and steroid-induced candidiasis. Early detection and proper treatment are essential, especially in elderly, immunocompromised patients. Maintaining oral hygiene through dental collaboration also plays a crucial role in preventing such complications. Our findings underscore the importance of multidisciplinary care and managing infection when treating BP in patients with systemic vulnerabilities.
- Microbiological and pharmacological aspects involved in dentin-pulp complex regeneration: a scoping review(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Giraldo, María Isabel; Pineda-Vélez, Eliana; Carbonell Medina, Beltrán; Ardila Medina, Carlos MartínThe regeneration of the dentin-pulp complex represents a pivotal challenge in endodontics, requiring a delicate balance between microbial eradication and tissue repair. This scoping review, conducted in accordance with PRISMA-ScR guidelines, synthesizes current evidence on microbiological and pharmacological factors influencing regenerative outcomes. A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library identified 242 studies, with 15 meeting inclusion criteria after screening. The review highlights the dominance of anaerobic biofilm-forming pathogens (Enterococcus faecalis, Porphyromonas gingivalis) in periapical lesions, their virulence mechanisms (e.g., proteolytic enzymes, immune evasion), and the rising threat of antibiotic resistance driven by β-lactamases and efflux pumps. Pharmacologically, while triple/double antibiotic pastes promote dentin thickening, their cytotoxicity at high concentrations and disruption of commensal microbiota underscore the need for optimized dosing. Emerging alternatives—such as antimicrobial peptides, calcium hypochlorite, and immunomodulatory biomolecules—demonstrate superior biocompatibility and dual action against pathogens while supporting stem cell viability. Future directions emphasize microbiome-targeted therapies, advanced biomaterials, and personalized approaches leveraging metagenomics. This review underscores the imperative to integrate selective antimicrobial strategies with regenerative biology to advance endodontic outcomes.
- Malignant transformation of calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumour: a systematic review(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Barros, Elton Fernandes; Vasconcelos, Esllen Carla Ferreira de Araújo; Gonçalves, Ellen da Silva; Lima, Renally Bezerra Wanderley; Nonaka, Cassiano-Francisco-Weege; Santos, Hellen-Bandeira-de-PontesThe calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (CEOT) is a rare benign epithelial odontogenic neoplasm. Some cases of CEOT may undergo malignant transformation, whose characteristics are still poorly known. This study aimed to perform a systematic review of CEOT cases with malignant transformation. This systematic review followed the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) and was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021285981). Searches for full-text articles on histopathologically confirmed CEOT cases with malignant transformation were performed in different databases (PubMed/ MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, SciELO, Google Scholar, Open Grey, and CAPES Dissertation and Thesis Catalog) without year of publication or language restrictions. A qualitative descriptive and risk of bias analysis were performed. Nine cases were included, with a mean age of 59.44 (±17.07) years and a slightly higher frequency in males (55.6%). The mandible (88.9%) was the most affected site, with predominance of the mixed imaging pattern (77.8%). Histopathologically, the clear cell variant, intense mitotic activity, presence of cellular atypia, and high Ki-67 immunoexpression were the predominant findings. Isolated surgery (44.4%) was the most common treatment and recurrence of CEOT before malignant transformation was observed in five cases (55.6%). CEOT with malignant transformation recurred in three cases (33.3%). Most cases had a positive outcome (77.8%), with remission of the disease. This systematic review determined the clinicopathological profile of histopathologically confirmed cases of CEOT with malignant transformation and synthesized some characteristics that can assist in the diagnosis and appropriate therapeutic approach of this rare neoplasm.
- Influence of incisal embrasures on smile aesthetics(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Fermeiro, Maria; Costa, Liliana Gavinha; Manso, M. Conceição; Herrero Climent, Mariano; Gil Flores, Javier; Brizuela Velasco, Aritza; Ribeiro, Ana-PaulaThe main aim was to investigate the influence of incisal embrasure variation on the perception of smile attractive-ness among laypeople and dentists in three countries: Portugal, France and Italy, and between gender, age and specialty of the clinicians. Two initial facial photographs were used to create 6: three of a male model and three of a female model with different incisal embrasures. Participants: Portuguese (204 laypeo-ple/195 doctors). French (214 laypeople/199 doctors) and Italian (204 laypeople/210 doctors). The attractiveness of the image was assessed by completing a questionnaire (visual analog scale VAS: 0-10). The results were analyzed with non-parametric comparisons (p<0. 05). Significant differences were found between physicians and laypersons in the three countries. The difference in perceived attractiveness was greatest in Portugal. The most attractive embrasure was round and the least attractive was rectangular. The perception of attractiveness did not differ according to medical specialty. Portuguese female doctors were more critical than male doctors; French laymen were more critical than others. Age had no effect on perceived attractiveness of the embrasure. It was found that there are differences in aesthetic perception between physicians and laypeople in the three countries. In Portugal, dentists are stricter in their aesthetic perception of the embrasure than laypeo-ple. This was not observed in Italy, while France showed an intermediate result between the two countries. Gen-der had some influence on the rating in Portugal and France, in contrast to age. The area in which the doctor practiced had no influence.
- Prevalence of cervical and apical root resorption in maxillary central incisors without orthodontic treatment: a cone-beam computed tomography study in Peruvian individuals(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Arana-Calderón, Kevin Edgard; Sairitupac-Ayala, Raisa Soledad; Arriola-Guillén, Luis-ErnestoThis study aimed to determine the prevalence of cervical and apical root resorption in maxillary central incisors of Peruvian adults without a history of orthodontic treatment, using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). This was an observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study. The sample included 103 CBCT scans from adult individuals in a Peruvian population, comprising 71 women and 32 men (mean age: 34 ± 32 years). DICOM files were analyzed using RayScan Expert 3D software. The presence of cervical and apical root resorption in permanent maxillary central incisors was assessed by examining coronal, sagittal, and axial sections. Demographic characteristics were also recorded. Fisher’s exact test and binary logistic regression were used to evaluate associations, with a significance level set at p > 0.05. The overall prevalence of root resorption was 5.8%, with cervical root resorption accounting for 1.0% and apical root resorption for 4.9%. No significant association was found between sex and the presence of root resorption (p = 0.173). Neither sex nor age had a direct influence on the occurrence of root resorption. The prevalence of cervical and apical root resorption in maxillary central incisors of untreated Peruvian adults was low. Nevertheless, this condition should be considered by orthodontists during diagnosis and treatment planning.
- Impact of prefabricated, universal 2-piece, and CAD/CAM-milled fiber posts on bond strength and microhardness of a self-adhesive resin cement in widened root canals(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Alessi, Rodrigo Stadler; Gomes, Giovana Mongruel; Gomes, João CarlosThe objective of this study was to assess the push-out bond strength (PBS) of conventional prefabricated, universal 2-piece, and CAD/CAM-milled fiber posts cemented in root canals using a self-adhesive resin cement, as well as the Vickers microhardness (VHN) of the resin cement. Thirty human uniradicular premolars roots were endodontically treated and divided into three groups (n = 10): conventional prefabricated fiber posts (PFPs), universal fiber posts (UFPs), and CAD/CAM-milled fiber posts (MFPs). After luting procedures using RelyX U200 (Solventum), six specimens were obtained of each root (two slices from each root third: cervical, middle, and apical). The first slices of each root region were subjected to PBS, and the second slices were subjected to VHN analysis. Data from the PBS and VHN tests were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA; post type vs. root region) and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05). Regarding the PBS, MFPs and UFPs demonstrated statistically superior performance than PFPs (p < 0.001). Among the root regions, the cervical third exhibited the highest values, whereas the apical third showed the lowest (p < 0.001). Regarding VHN, PFPs and UFPs exhibited statistically superior values compared with MFPs (p < 0.001). The cervical third of the root displayed the highest VHN values, whereas the apical third presented the lowest (p < 0.001). CAD/CAM-milled and universal 2-piece fiber posts may be a better alternative for restoring widened root canals.
- Radiographic Evaluation of Nano-Propolis, Nano-Curcumin and MTA as Direct Pulp Capping Agents in Young Permanent Teeth(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Hassan, Eman M.; Elasser, Dalia M.; Abdel-Ghany, Dina M.; Fathy, Shereen; Sobhy, Sabah M.To assess the ability of nano propolis and nano curcumin as direct pulp capping agents in forming dentin bridge in permanent teeth using the CBCT. For the present investigation, fifty-four teeth were selected and randomly divided into three groups (18 teeth per group) based on the pulp capping agent utilized: Group I (control group): teeth were directly pulp capped with MTA. Group II: they were directly pulp capped with propolis nanoparticles. Group III: they were directly pulp capped with curcumin nanoparticles. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were performed on all teeth following pulp capping therapy and six months later to assess the establishment of reparative dentin bridges. In order to detect reparative dentin bridges on the multi-planar reconstruction picture, the CBCT scan was examined. A statistical analysis was conducted. reparative dentin bridges were formed in all teeth across all patient groups. Group III (Nano-curcumin) had the greatest mean value, followed by group II (Nano-propolis), while Group I (MTA) had the lowest value. When applied as a direct pulp capping agent, Nano curcumin and Nano propolis induce the production of reparative dentin and apex closure in permanent teeth.
- Assessing the utility of large language models in guiding dental practitioners on pediatric patient care: a comparative ai study(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Raj, Mithula; Ravindra, Vignesh; Arthanari, AbiramiLarge Language Models (LLMs) are transforming clinical decision-making by offering rapid, context-aware access to evidence-based knowledge. However, their efficacy in pediatric dentistry remains underexplored, especially across multiple LLM platforms.Objective: To comparatively evaluate the clinical quality, readability, and originality of responses generated by nine contemporary LLMs for pediatric dental queries. A cross-sectional study assessed the performance of ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4o, Gemini 2.0, Gemini 2.5, Claude 3.5 Haiku, Claude 3.7 Sonnet, Grok-3, Grok-3 Mini, and DeepSeek-V3. Twenty pediatric dental questions were posed in one-shot queries to each LLM. Responses were evaluated by ten pediatric dental experts using the Modified Global Quality Scale (MGQS), Flesch Reading Ease Score (FRES), Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL), and Turnitin Similarity Index. ANOVA and Cohen’s Kappa were used for statistical analysis. ChatGPT-4o demonstrated the highest overall MGQS (4.28 ± 0.24), followed by ChatGPT-3.5 (3.45 ± 0.27). DeepSeek-V3 scored lowest (2.18 ± 0.19). Topic-wise, ChatGPT-4o consistently outperformed others across all subdomains. FRES and FKGL scores indicated moderate readability, with Claude models exhibiting the highest linguistic complexity. Turnitin analysis revealed low-to-moderate similarity across models. Inter-rater agreement was substantial (κ = 0.78). Among evaluated LLMs, ChatGPT-4o exhibited superior performance in clinical relevance, coherence, and originality, suggesting its potential utility as an adjunct in pediatric dental decision-making. Nonetheless, variability across models underscores the need for critical appraisal and cautious integration into clinical workflows.
- Clinical performance of template-assisted monochromatic structural colored versus universal multishade direct composite veneers over 3 years: a randomized clinical trial(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Elkaffass, Ali-Atef; Alshehri, Abdullah; Alqahtani, Abdullah; Alghannam, Shahad Saleh; Algamaiah, Hamad; Alshabib, Abdulrahman; Kashkosh, Laila Taher; Bayoumi, Rania; Alhindi, Saleh; Mohammed, Mohammed Abd El-GhanyWe conducted a clinical trial using a modified split-mouth, double-blind, randomized approach to clinically assess template-assisted monochromatic structural colored versus universal multishade direct composite veneers over a 36-month period.Materials and Methods: A total of 88 direct composite veneers from 20 participants were included per the inclusion criteria. Each patient received at least one pair of the two types of direct veneers in two equal groups (n = 44): (group I): monochromatic structural colored veneer (OMNICHROMA) with palfique adhesive and (group II): universal multishade veneer (Ceram.x spectra) with Prime & Bond adhesive using U-veneer templates. Window-type veneer preparations were performed on the labial surface of anterior teeth (depth: 0.3–0.5 mm). Clinical assessment was conducted per modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria. The marginal integrity criterion was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy of an inverse replica of 32 randomly selected veneer restorations. The Friedman and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests revealed significant differences between group I and group II in marginal adaptation, marginal discoloration, surface texture, and color match (p 0.05). The Mann‒Whitney U test indicated no significant differences between the groups across USPHS criteria (p >0.05). No secondary caries or hypersensitivity cases were reported during any evaluation period. The unpaired t test revealed no significant difference in the mean gap width between the two groups (p = 0.218 and 0.236, respectively). Spearman’s correlation test, conducted on the related criteria in groups I and II after 12, 18, and 36 months of follow-up, revealed a positive relationship between the evaluated criteria. Monochromatic structurally colored and universal multishade direct composite resin veneers demonstrated comparable satisfactory clinical performance by the end of the study period.
- Prevalence of degenerative signs of the temporomandibular joint in the Canarian population through the analysis of panoramic radiographs: a pilot study(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Betancor-Pérez, Marilia; Velázquez-Cayón, Rocío Trinidad; Loro Ferrer, Juan Francisco; Cortés-Sylvester, Ma FernandaDegenerative diseases of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) represent a frequent subtype of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), particularly prevalent among individuals over the age of 40. Although cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is recognized as the diagnostic gold standard for evaluating bony alterations of the TMJ, panoramic radiography remains widely utilized in clinical practice due to its accessibility and lower radiation exposure. A retrospective observational pilot study was conducted at the Dental Clinic of the University Fernando Pessoa Canarias. A simple random sample of 60 panoramic radiographs from patients over 40 years of age was selected from a database comprising 323 records collected between April and October 2024. Bilateral assessment of the TMJs was performed by two independent observers according to established diagnostic criteria for degenerative alterations. Inter-observer agreement was measured using Cohen’s Kappa statistics. Associations between degenerative and indeterminate findings and demographic variables were evaluated using the Chi-square (χ²) test. Descriptive statistics for age were reported as means and interquartile ranges. Among the 120 TMJs evaluated, osteophyte formation was the only degenerative finding detected (30%). Condylar flattening, considered an indeterminate sign, was observed in 85% of cases. Osteophytes were more frequently identified in males (33.33%); however, no statistically significant association was found between osteophyte presence and sex (p = 0.655). A significant association was observed between the presence of osteophytes and condylar flattening (χ² = 4.73, p = 0.030). Inter-observer agreement was moderate for degenerative signs (κ = 0.68) and minimal for indeterminate signs (κ = 0.37). Osteophyte formation was the sole radiographic indicator of TMJ degeneration identified in this sample, frequently co-occurring with condylar flattening. Although panoramic radiography serves as a valuable screening modality, its diagnostic limitations underscore the need for CBCT in cases with suspected or advanced degenerative joint changes.
