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Language Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry. 2017. Vol. 9, no. 4
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- Biologically oriented preparation technique (BOPT) for implant-supported fixed prostheses(2017) Solá Ruiz, MarÃa Fernanda; RÃo Highsmith, Jaime del; Labaig Rueda, Carlos; AgustÃn Panadero, RubénA patient of 58 years of age without medical problems came to the clinic due to missing teeth in the upper posterior region and to change the partial fixed prosthesis in the upper anterior area. Proposed treatment: surgical phase of three conical shape tapering implants with prosthetic platform in occlusal direction with mechanize collar tissue level with fixtures to place implant-supported metal-ceramic restorations. In the anterior area, a zirconium oxide fixed partial prosthesis was vertical preparation of the tooth?s. When preparing teeth to receive fixed prostheses, the definition and shape of finish lines has been a subject of endless discussion, modification, and change ever since the beginnings of restorative prosthetic dentistry. The BOPT technique (biologically oriented preparation technique) was first described in the context of tooth-supported restorations but has recently been applied to dental implants with the aim of ensuring healthy peri-implant tissue and creating the possibility of modeling the peri-implant sulcus by modifying prosthetic emergence profiles. Vertical preparation of teeth and abutments without finish line on implants is a technique which was found to be adequate for ensuring the remodeling and stability of peri-implant tissues.
- At-home laser treatment of oral neuronal disorders : case reports(2017) Merigo, Elisabetta; Rocca, Jean Paul; Oppici, Aldo; Cella, Luigi; Fornaini, CarloThe neuronal disorders occurring in the oral district are mainly anaesthesia, paraesthesia, hypoesthesia and hyperaesthesia and they may occur frequently after surgical procedures. Medical treatment depends on degree of severity of the nerve injury but, in every case, it must be immediately carried out to reduce immune inflammatory reaction. The aim of this report is to investigate the effectiveness in the recovery of the peripheral nerve lesions of a new laser device recently proposed by the commerce that, due to its reduced size and to be a class I laser according the ANSI classification, may be used at home by the patient himself. Three different cases were treated with this ?at-home approach?: complete resolution of symptomatology was obtained after laser treatment with a good compliance for the patient and without reporting any side effect.
- Hereditary gingival fibromatosis : characteristics and treatment approach(2017) Almiñana Pastor, Pedro J.; Buitrago Vera, Pedro José; Alpiste Illueca, Francisco M.; Catalá Pizarro, MontserratHereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF) is a rare disorder characterized by a benign, non-hemorrhagic, fibrous gingival overgrowth that can appear in isolation or as part of a syndrome. Clinically, a pink gingiva with marked stippling can be seen to cover almost all the tooth, in many cases preventing eruption. HGF usually begins during the transition from primary to permanent teeth, giving rise to a condition that can have negative psychological effects at that age. As it does not resolve spontaneously, the treatment of choice is gingivectomy, which can be performed with an internal or external bevel incision, depending on each case and bearing in mind the changes that will take place at the dentogingival junction (DGJ). This paper describes clinical aspects and treatment in two eight-year-old boys with HGF, considering different facets of the surgical approach with conscious sedation in young children.
- Combination prosthetic design providing a superior retention for mid-facial defect rehabilitation : a case report(2017) Nilanonth, Supassra; Shakya, Prana; Chotprasert, Natdhanai; Srithavaj, TheerathavajLarge maxillofacial defects from malignant tumor treatment are rarely rehabilitated by surgical reconstruction alone. Ameloblastic carcinoma, a rare aggressive odontogenic malignant tumor, requires wide surgical excision to gain a tumor-free margin. In the post-surgical defect, prosthetic rehabilitation is the treatment of choice to restore function and esthetics. Moreover, an intra-oral prosthesis such as an obturator restores speech, mastication and deglutition. Retention of the obturator is a major problem while rehabilitating large defects. The existing anatomical structures from the defect with the help of magnet attachments are suitable to enhance retention, stability and support of the prostheses. This case report presents a patient with an intraoral and extra-oral combination defect following surgical resection of ameloblastic carcinoma and describes the prosthetic techniques and design considerations for a magnet-retained obturator and mid-facial prosthesis. An implant-retained mid-facial prosthesis was fabricated. The retention of combined prostheses was obtained from the remaining right posterior teeth only. The patient had an unfavorable defect due to the large size and presence of scar contracture that vertically tends to dislodge the obturator. Magnet attachments were used to combine the facial and oral prosthesis, minimize the vertical dislodging forces and enhance retention. In addition, the retention was also gained from the scar band at lower border of mid-facial defect that avoided the need for more implants surgery. Magnet attachment with anatomical structure of the mid-facial defect provides an acceptable means of retention in large extraoral-intraoral combinations defects, improving the function, esthetic and the patients? quality of life.
- Comparative cytotoxicity evaluation of eight root canal sealers(2017) Poggio, Claudio; Riva, Paolo; Chiesa, Marco; Colombo, Marco; Pietrocola, GiampieroThe aim of the present study is to evaluate and compare the cytotoxic effects of eight root canal sealers (BioRoot RCS, TotalFill BC Sealer, MTA Fillapex, Sealapex, AH Plus, EasySeal, Pulp Canal Sealer, N2) on immortalized human gingival fibroblasts over a period of 24, 48 and 72 hours. Immortalized human gingival fibroblast-1 HGF-1 (ATCC CRL-2014) were incubated. Root canal sealers were then placed into sterile, cylindrical Teflon moulds. The extraction was made eluting the sealers in cell culture medium. Cells (1 × 104) were seeded in each well of a 96-well plate and incubated for 24 h at 37°C. Cultures were then exposed to 100 ?L of the extracts medium. The percentage of viable cells in each well was calculated relative to control cells set to 100%. BioRoot RCS and TotalFill BC Sealer extracted for 24h showed no cytotoxic effect, while it was mild by using 48 and 72 h extracts. No cytotoxic effect was measured by using AH Plus medium eluted for 24 h, while it was moderate after 48 h and severe after 72 h. Pulp Canal Sealer, Sealapex and N2 showed moderately cytotoxic activity for all the extraction times. EasySeal and MTA Fillapex remained severely or borderline mildly cytotoxic for all the extraction times. In the present study only BioRoot RCS, TotalFill BC Sealer and AH Plus showed no cytotoxic effects at least in the first 24h. All the other sealers revealed moderately or severely cytotoxic activity during all the extraction times.
- Comparative evaluation of Nano-Hydroxyapatite preparation and Calcium Sucrose Phosphate on microhardness of deciduous teeth after iron drop exposure - An in-vitro study(2017) Rathi, Nilesh; Baid, Rutika; Baliga, Sudhindra; Thosar, NilimaTo evaluate and compare the microhardness of deciduous teeth treated with nano-hydroxyapatite and calcium sucrose phosphate after iron drop exposure. Twenty healthy anterior deciduous teeth were collected and stored in 0.9% saline solution at room temperature. All the teeth were immersed in artificial saliva in an incubator shaker at 37° for an hour and then subjected to Vickers microhardness test at 100g load for 5 seconds. The teeth were then immersed in iron drop for 5 minutes, twice daily, rinsed with distilled water and kept in artificial saliva. This procedure was repeated for 7 days and teeth were subjected to microhardness testing. Further, the teeth were divided in two groups, each group containing 10 teeth. In group I, nanohydroxyapatite preparation and in group II, calcium sucrose phosphate were applied for 10 minutes, twice daily for 7 days and subjected again to microhardness testing again. Vickers microhardness analysis revealed that iron drop exposure to teeth caused significant decrease in microhardness (p<0.05). Application of nanohydroxyapatite preparation in Group I showed significantly increased enamel microhardness (206.90) than that after iron drop exposure. Similarly, application of calcium sucrose phosphate in Group II showed significantly increased enamel microhardness (200.89) than that after iron drop exposure. Statistical difference was seen between the two groups, with nanohydroxyapatite preparation showing increased microhardness than calcium sucrose phosphate. Nanohydroxyapatite preparation and calcium sucrose phosphate have remineralizing effect over teeth affected by acid challenge of iron drops, nanohydroxyapatite preparation showing better results than calcium sucrose phosphate.
- Sjogren?s syndrome : review of the aetiology, Pathophysiology and Potential therapeutic interventions(2017) Nair, Jisha J.; Singh, Tejas P.Sjogren?s syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disorder characterised by lymphocytic infiltration of exocrine glands, resulting in glandular dysfunction. Objectives: This study aims to review the aetiology of Sjogren?s syndrome, highlight aspects that contribute to the pathophysiology of the disease and explore treatment options that target different mediators of pathogenesis. The MEDLINE/PubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched systematically with the terms ?Sjogren?s syndrome?; ?clinical?; ?treatment?; ?management?. Eligible studies had to meet a predefined inclusion criteria. 912 identified studies were evaluated against the inclusion criteria. 25 eligible studies were included for review. Sjogren?s syndrome is a multifactorial condition with genetic, environmental and hormonal factors playing a role in establishing the condition. B-cell activating factor (BAFF) is an important mediator in the induction and perpetuation of this condition. Elevated BAFF levels, found in patients with SS, promote growth of B-cells and subsequent production of autoantibody; anti-SSA/Ro. BAFF inhibitors are important potential therapeutic drugs that may be effective in patients with Sjogren?s syndrome. Other potential targets include CD20 and CD22 that cause B-cell depletion. The pathophysiology of this exocrinopathy has not fully been elucidated. Potential therapeutic interventions include BAFF inhibitors and anti-CD20 and anti-CD22 therapy. However, no clinical trials have been conducted on subjects with Sjogren?s syndrome to support existing research.
- Correlation between micro-hardness and mineral content in healthy human enamel(2017) Akkus, Anna; Karasik, Daniel; Roperto, RenatoEnamel is the hardest and the stiffest tissue in the human body. The enamel undergoes multidirectional stresses, withstands multimillion chewing cycles, all while protecting the internal dentin and pulp from damage due to mechanical overload and exposure to the harsh chemical environment of the mouth. Raman spectroscopy allows to study enamel mineral content in a non-destructive and site-specific way. While Raman spectroscopy has been applied in other studies to assess tooth mineralization, there are no studies that examine the relationship between micro-hardness and mineral content of the untreated enamel. An understanding of this relationship is extremely important in a clinical context. The effect of various agents on enamel hardness was investigated, though the relationship between healthy enamel mineral content and micro-hardness remains obscure. Twenty human incisor teeth were obtained in compliance with the NIH guidelines and imaged site-specifically with a Raman microscope and evaluated with a Brinell hardness measurement device. The front portion of each tooth was divided into apical, medium and cervical regions and subsequently imaged with a Raman microscope in these three locations. The results demonstrated that enamel mineral content varies significantly between individuals and is correlated with the hardness of the enamel. Non-invasive, sample preparation free Raman spectroscopy was successfully employed to measure the mineral content of healthy enamel and it correlated the mineralization score to the hardness measurements of the selected cervical location. The overall level of enamel mineral content may serve as a robust predictor of patients? susceptibility to developing caries, and overall enamels wear resistance, thus allowing for the prevention of caries via clinically available methods of remineralization, fluoride treatment and frequent cleaning.
- Evaluation of the effect of three innovative recyling methods on the shear bond strength of stainless steel brackets-an in vitro study(2017) Gupta, Neeraj; Kumar, Dilip; Palla, AparnaOrthodontists are commonly faced with the decision of what to do with debonded or inaccurately positioned brackets. An economical option to this dilemma is to recycle the brackets. Many recycling methods have been proposed, but the optimal bond strength of these recycled brackets needs further evaluation. Objectives: To evaluate and compare the effect of three recycling methods: (i) Sandblasting (ii) Sandblasting / direct flaming (iii) Sandblasting /direct flaming /acid bath solution on shear bond strength (SBS) of stainless steel brackets. Eighty human premolars were bonded with premolar stainless steel brackets as per manufacturer?s instructions. The teeth were divided into 4 groups (n=20): Recycling and initial debonding was not done in Control group (Group I). After initial bonding, the brackets in the rest of the three experimental groups were debonded and recycled by following methods: (i) Sandblasting (Group II) (ii) Sandblasting /direct flaming (Group III) (iii) Sandblasting /direct flaming /acid bath solution (Group IV). Further the recycled brackets were bonded. The specimens were then subjected to testing in a Universal machine. The evaluation of the variation of the shear bond strength (SBS) among test groups was done using one-way ANOVA test and inter-experimental group comparison was done by Newman-Keuls multiple post hoc procedure. Group I (8.6510±1.3943MPa) showed the highest bond strength followed by Group II (5.0185±0.9758MPa), Group IV (2.30±0.65MPa) and Group III (2.0455± 0.6196MPa). Statistically significant variations existed in the shear bond strength (SBS) in all groups analyzed except between Group III and Group IV. The following conclusions were drawn from the study: 1. Shear bond strength of new brackets is significantly higher than the recycled brackets. 2. Brackets sandblasted with 90µm aluminium oxide particle air-abrasion showed significantly higher shear bond strength compared to direct flaming/sandblasting and direct flaming/sandblasting/acid bath solution. 3. Sandblasting with 90µm aluminium oxide particle air-abrasion is the simplest, most efficient and hence, the preferred method of recycling debonded brackets.
- Comparison of the shaping characteristics of Neolix and Protaper Universal systems in preparation of severely-curved simulated canals(2017) Forghani, Maryam; Hezarjaribi, Maryam; Teimouri, HamidrezaThe aim of this in vitro study was to compare the shaping characteristics of two types of nickel-titanium endodontic file systems with regard to the following parameters: Canal straightening, Canal deviation and Instrumentation time. Fifty severely curved canals simulated in resin blocks were prepared to an apical size 25 using Protaper Universal orNeolix systems (n=25 canals/group). The angle of canal curvature was determined before and after instrumentation. Pre- and post-operative images were superimposed to determine any canal deviation. The instrumentation time was also recorded. The data were statistically analyzed by using independent sample t-test and the Mann-Whitney U-test. There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of the change in canal angle (P > 0.05). The Neolix system produced less canal deviation at 7 of the 12 measuring points (p<0.05). The Neolix system also required less instrumentation time (p<0.05). Both rotary systems were capable of maintaining the original curvature of the root canal; however, the Neolix system resulted in less canal deviation as well as shorter instrumentation time.
- Clinicopathologic analysis of 14 cases of odontogenic myxoma and review of the literature(2017) Francisco, Ana-Lucia-Noronha; Chulam, Thiago-Celestino; Silva, Fábio-Oliveira; Ribeiro, Diogo-Gonçalves; Pinto, Clóvis-Antônio-Lopes; Gondak, Rogério Oliveira; Kowalski, Luiz Paulo; Gonçalves-Filho, JoãoOdontogenic myxoma is a rare benign neoplasm that originates from odontogenic ectomesenchyme. There is no standard of care and recurrences are frequent after conservative surgical procedures. A retrospective study conducted at a single cancer center, with analysis of medical records of all patients diagnosed with odontogenic myxoma from 1980 to 2010, along with a literature review. There were 14 patients with diagnosis of odontogenic myxoma (OM). Most patients were female (78.6%) and Caucasian (100%), with ages ranging from 7 to 51 years (21.6 ± 11.6 years). The time period between the first symptom and first consultation ranged from 0 to 60 months (19.4 ± 19.97 months). The most frequent complaints were increased local volume or failure to tooth eruption. The most common tumor site was the mandible (11 cases, 78.5%). About radiological findings, most lesions were multilocular (9 cases, 64.3%) and with imprecise limits (12 cases, 85.7%). Surgery was performed in all cases and curettage was the most applied technique (10 cases, 71.4%). Three patients underwent mandibulectomy and complex reconstructions including iliac crest microvascular flap. Three patients had postoperative complications and 4 had local recurrences of the tumor. The follow up time ranged from 12 to 216 months (112 ± 70.8 months). All patients are without clinical and radiographic evidence of disease. OM is a locally aggressive and rare tumor. There is no gold standard surgical management and the therapeutic decision should be individualized taking into account the characteristics and extension of the tumor.
- Traction test of temporary dental cements(2017) Román RodrÃguez, Juan Luis; Millan MartÃnez, Diego; Fons Font, Antonio; AgustÃn Panadero, Rubén; Fernández Estevan, LucÃaClassic self-curing temporary cements obstruct the translucence of provisional restorations. New dual-cure esthetic temporary cements need investigation and comparison with classic cements to ensure that they are equally retentive and provide adequate translucence. The objective is to analyze by means of traction testing in a in vitro study the retention of five temporary cements. Ten molars were prepared and ten provisional resin restorations were fabricated using CAD-CAM technology (n=10). Five temporary cements were selected: self-curing temporary cements, Dycal (D), Temp Bond (TB), Temp Bond Non Eugenol (TBNE); dual-curing esthetic cements Temp Bond Clear (TBC) and Telio CS link (TE). Each sample underwent traction testing, both with thermocycling (190 cycles at 5-55º) and without thermocycling. TE and TBC obtained the highest traction resistance values. Thermocycling reduced the resistance of all cements except TBC. The dual-cure esthetic cements tested provided optimum outcomes for bonding provisional restorations.
- Comparison of laser and power bleaching techniques in tooth color change(2017) Fekrazad, Reza; Alimazandarani, Shervin; Kalhori, Katayoun A.M.; Assadian, Hadi; Mirmohammadi, Seyed-MahdiLaser-assisted bleaching uses laser beam to accelerate release of free radicals within the bleaching gel to decrease time of whitening procedure. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of power bleaching using Opalescence Xtra Boost® and laser bleaching technique using LaserSmile gel and diode laser as an activator in their tooth whitening capacity. Student t test showed that the laser bleaching group significantly outperformed the power bleaching group in changing ?E (p=0.977). Similarly, while comparing the groups in changing ?L, the laser bleaching group indicated significantly superior results (p=0.953). Statistical data from student t test while comparing the groups in changing the parameter of yellowness indicated that samples in laser bleaching group underwent a more significant reduction than power-bleached samples (p=0.85). Correspondingly, changes in whiteness were statistically tested through student t test, showing that laser bleaching technique increased whiteness of the samples significantly more than those treated by power bleaching (p=0.965). The digital color evaluation data was in accordance with spectrophotometry and showed that laser bleaching outperformed power bleaching technique. Both techniques were able to increase whiteness and decrease yellowness ratio of the samples. ?E decrease for laser bleaching and power bleaching groups were 3.05 and 1.67, respectively. Tooth color change in laser bleaching group was 1.88 times more than that of power bleaching group (p<0.001). It could be concluded that under the conditions of this study, both laser-assisted and power bleaching techniques were capable of altering tooth color change, but laser bleaching was deemed a more efficient technique in this regard.
- Reparability of giomer using different mechanical surface treatments(2017) Arami, Saba; Kimyai, Soodabeh; Oskoee, Parnian Alizadeh; Daneshpooy, Mehdi; Rikhtegaran, Sahand; Bahari, Mahmood; Abed Kahnamoii, MehdiIn the repair process achieving high bond strength between the new and old resin based materials is necessary for clinical longevity. This study compared the effect of three different mechanical surface treatments (air abrasion, Nd:YAG laser and diamond bur) on the repair bond strength of giomer. In this in vitrostudy, 125 cylindrical giomer samples were used. The giomer samples were randomly assigned to 5 groups (n=25). In group 1, the samples did not undergo any surface treatment. In groups 2 to 4, the samples underwent surface treatments with air abrasion, Nd:YAG laser and a diamond bur. The samples in group 5 were prepared to measure giomer cohesive strength. Subsequently, the new giomer was bonded to the existing giomer in groups 1 to 4. Then the repair bond strength of the samples was measured. One-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey test were used to compare the bond strength. There were significant differences between the different surface treatments (P<0.001); the repair bond strength in the air abrasion group was significantly higher than that in the Nd:YAG laser group, in which it was significantly higher than that in the diamond bur group, which was in turn higher than that in group 1 (no surface treatment) (P<0.001). In addition, the cohesive strength of giomer was significantly higher than the repair bond strength in the 4 other study groups (P<0.001). Of all the surface treatments, air abrasion and Nd:YAG laser, in descending order, yielded the highest repair bond strength values, with the repair bond strength values of 60?70% of the giomer cohesive strength.
- Reasons for extraction in primary teeth among 5-12 years school children in Haryana, India- A cross-sectional study(2017) Bansal, Mohit; Gupta, Nidhi; Gupta, Preety; Arora, Vikram; Thakar, SahilDue to high prevalence of oral diseases extraction of primary teeth is a common and a major concern in developing countries. These teeth are given least importance as they are believed to shed off automatically, thus leading to serious problems like crowding and malocclusion. A cross sectional study was carried out among children aged 5 to 12 years among 1347 children. The data was recorded on a prestructured questionnaire. Reasons for extraction of teeth were based on Kay and Blinkhorn criteria. 20.4% children were having tooth loss due to various reasons. The main reason for extraction was found to be caries in 64.3% followed by trauma in maxillary teeth among 43.02% of children. Presence of early loss of primary teeth result in occlusal disturbances and space loss among children. Hence, proper treatment regimens must be followed by the dental professionals and should be the need of the hour.
- Prevalence and distribution of odontogenic cysts in a Mexican sample. A 753 cases study(2017) Villasis-Sarmiento, Luis; Portilla Robertson, Javier; Melendez-Ocampo, Arcelia; Gaitán Cepeda, Luis Alberto; Leyva Huerta, Elba RosaOdontogenic cysts (OC) are the most frequent lesions of the jaws and their constant epidemiological update is necessary and indispensable. Therefore the principal objective of this report was To determine prevalence and clinical-demographical characteristics of OC in a Mexican sample. 753 cases of OC coming from the archive of a head and neck histopathological teaching service, from January 2000 to December 2013, were included. OC cases were re-assessed according 2005 WHO classification. Chi square test was used to establish possible associations (p<0.05IC95%). From 753 OC, 369 were female and 384 male; 52.9% of them were in their 2nd- 4th decade of life. The most common location (41%) was the mandibular posterior area. Radicular cysts were more frequent in maxillary anterior zone of females (p 0.0002) at their fourth decade of life. Dentigerous cysts were more frequent in the mandibular posterior zone of males (p 0.0000) in their second decade of life. Six cases of periodontal lateral cyst; 4 cases of paradental cysts; 4 eruption cysts and 4 cases of adult gingival cyst, as well were identified. Radicular cyst and dentigerous cyst are the most prevalent odontogenic cyst in this Mexican sample. Due to their etiology, dental pulpar necrosis and impacted teeth, radicular cyst and dentigerous cyst could be prevenible. Therefore, it is necessary to establish preventive strategies to diminish dental decay and programs of prophylactic extractions of impacted teeth, to in consequence decrease the prevalence of odontogenic cysts.
- No relationship between baseline salivary alpha-amylase and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Score in drug-naïve patients with short-illness-duration first episode major depressive disorder : an exploratory study(2017) Szarmach, Joanna; Cuba?a, Wies?aw-Jerzy; Landowski, Jerzy; Chrzanowska, AnnaSalivary ?-amylase (sAA) activity alternations are observed in major depressive disorder (MDD) being associated with depression severity and its specific psychopathological dimensions with anxiety being attributed to distress. No data is available on sAA in MDD according to Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-17) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). The exploratory study examines whether and to what extent baseline sAA level is interrelated to the psychopathological features including severity of symptoms and specific psychopathological dimensions. The basal, non-stimulated sAA activity was studied in 20 non-late-life adult, treatment-naïve MDD patients with short-illness-duration and in 20 age- and sex-matched healthy controls along with psychometric assessments with Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-17) and Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Significantly lower (p=0.011) sAA activity was observed in MDD as compared to controls. No significant correlations were observed between sAA activity and the total HAMD-17 score as well as with regard to the specific core depression, insomnia, anxiety and somatic HAM-D psychopathological dimensions. No significant correlations were also found between sAA and STAIX-1 and STAIX-2 scores. Low baseline sAA levels in MDD with no correlations between sAA and psychopathological features including severity of symptoms and specific psychopathological dimensions was found.
- Influence of enhancement filters in apical bone loss measurement : a cone-beam computed tomography study(2017) Tavares-de-Sousa, Emerson; Pinheiro, Mayara-Abreu; Pereira-Maciel, PatrÃcia; Sales, Marcelo-Augusto-OliveiraThe use of cone-beam computed tomography images (CBCT) providing a better assessment of bone injuries, although the sensibility of lesions measurement might be improved by the use of enhancement filters. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the influence of enhancement filters in apical bone loss measurement. Eighteen CBCT cases randomly selected of apical bone loss were evaluated. The analyses were carried out following the evaluation in axial, coronal and sagittal protocols, using enhancement filters as Hard, Normal, and Very Sharp. The variables were statistically analyzed by Friedman and Wilcoxon test, Spearman?s rho, and intraclass correlation coefficient. The differences between filters in axial and sagittal protocols were significant (p<0.05); however, this was not observed in the coronal slice. The use of Hard filter demonstrates better results than Very Sharp and Normal filter, improving significantly the bone loss measurement. A strong, significant and positive correlation was noted for all filters (with p< 0.001), such as a strong agreement between the variables, when the Normal filter was used as a reference. The use of enhancement filters increases the sensitivity of alveolar bone loss measurement, with relative advantage for Hard filter.
- Evaluation of Antibacterial Efficacy of Photodynamic Therapy vs. 2.5% NaOCl against E. faecalis-infected Root Canals Using Real-time PCR Technique(2017) Janani, Maryam; Jafari, Farnaz; Samiei, Mohammad; Lotfipour, Farzaneh; Nakhlband, Ailar; Ghasemi, Negin; Salari, TannazBacteria like E. faecalis can produce intra- and extra-radicular biofilms. Theoretically, the adjustable penetration ability of lasers enables better access to root canal system. Therefore the aim of the present study was to compare the ability of photoactivated laser and 2.5% NaOCl irrigation solution to eliminate E. faecalis from the root canals by real-time PCR technique. Sixty extracted human upper central incisors were selected and sterilized in an autoclave. The root canals were infected with E. faecalis (PTCC 1237, Persian Type Culture Collection, Iran) and then incubated for 24 hours. The samples were randomly divided into 3 groups. No intervention was made in the control group (group 1). In group 2, laser therapy was performed with a power of 100 mW by diode laser for 120 seconds. In group 3, the canals were irrigated with 5 mL of 2.5% NaOCl; then all the samples were sonicated in 15 mL of normal saline in test tubes in order to isolate the bacteria. DNA extraction was performed followed by real-time PCR technique for all the samples. Inhibition of bacterial growth in all the experimental samples was significantly more than that in the control group. There was a significant difference between photodynamic therapy and 2.5% NaOCl. The effect of NaOCl in all the samples was better than photodynamic therapy. The results of the mean CT (cyclic threshold) were 40, 30.2 and 15.35 for 2.5% NaOCl, photodynamic therapy and control group, respectively. Based on the results of this experimental study, 2.5% NaOCl eliminated E. faecalis from infected root canals more effectively compared to photodynamic therapy.
- Evaluation of ex vivo effectiveness of commercial desensitizing dentifrices(2017) Mockdeci, Hanny; Polonini, Hudson; Martins, Isadora; Granato, Ana-Paula; Raposo, Nádia; Chaves, Maria das Graças Afonso MirandaDentin hypersensitivity is a short, severe pain with fast onset. Therapy aims to either prevent or decrease neural transmission or physically occlude the dentinal tubules. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of commercial desensitizing dentifrice by means of an ex vivo method. Samples (n=8 lower human premolars for each group) were randomly allocated into: G1- brushing with Colgate®Sensitive Pro-Relief; G2- brushing with Sensodyne®Rapid Relief; G3- brushing with Sensodyne®Repair and Protect; and G4- brushing with Colgate®Maximum Cavity Protection. The test bodies were submitted to simulated toothbrushing and dentifrices were analyzed regarding their hydrodynamic size, polydispersity index (PI) and zeta potential. Specimens were evaluated using: scanning electron microscopy (SEM); spectroscopy energy dispersive X-ray (EDS); and profilometry. A qualitative analysis of the photomicrographs and topographies was performed. The dentifrices showed statistical similar physical and chemical characteristics. They also demonstrated obliteration of dentinal tubules when micrographs were observed. Regarding the chemical elements present in the dentin samples, there was a statistically significant difference between the control and experimental surfaces in the four groups. Joint data analysis shows that the desensitizing dentifrice showed better results with regards to the obliteration of dentinal tubules compared to positive and negative controls.
