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Language Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry. 2023. Vol. 15, no. 09
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- Comparison of Photothermal and Photodynamic Diode Laser Therapy in Patients with Peri-implant Mucositis: A Systematic Review(Medicina Oral S.L, 2023) Sánchez-Martos, Rebeca; Kronkah, Naomi-Abawa; Arias-Herrera, SantiagoBACKGROUND: To determine whether photodynamic laser therapy or photothermal laser therapy demonstrates greater improvements in the clinical signs of peri-implant mucositis as an adjuvant to mechanical debridement. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Electronic databases were used to select articles on February 10th, 2022. The clinical outcomes analysed were the plaque index (PI), probing depth (PD) and bleeding of probing index (BoP). The following PICO question was formulated: Among patients with peri-implant mucositis, does photothermal laser therapy (PT) demonstrate greater improvement in clinical inflammatory signs in comparison to antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) as an adjuvant to conventional therapy? RESULTS: Seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included in the systematic review. The clinical parameters were compared amongst all studies at baseline and 3-month follow-up appointment. aPDT reduced both PI and PD great than PT. PT showed greater reductions in BoP. CONCLUSIONS: Conclusions are difficult to generalize due to the heterogeneity in the methodology of the included studies. However, this systematic review suggests that aPDT alongside mechanical debridement demonstrated greater improvements in the PI and PD. Other factors besides the laser therapy itself may account for these findings. As for BoP index, PT demonstrated greater improvements due to its photo-biomodulating effects. Clinical Relevance: In patients with peri-implant mucositis, the combination of photothermal diode laser therapy and mechanical debridement entails promising results in treating and preventing the progression of the pathology. Key words:Peri-implant mucositis, Photothermal diode laser therapy, Photodynamic diode laser therapy, Bleeding on probing.
- Therapeutic Outcomes of Photobiomodulation in Cancer Treatment-induced Oral Mucositis: A Systematic Review(Medicina Oral S.L, 2023) Sánchez-Martos, Rebeca; Lamdaoui, Wissal; Arias-Herrera, SantiagoBACKGROUND: This systematic review was performed to analyze the therapeutic efficacy of photobiomodulation (PBM) in managing oral mucositis (OM) that appears in this context. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The search strategy of the systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. The eligibility criteria according to PICO process has been defined as follows: Population (P): adult patients with head and neck cancer; Intervention (I): PBM; Comparison (C): placebo group; Outcome (O): pain, oral quality of life (QoL), evolution of the grade OM and pain. The set criteria for inclusion were peer-reviewed articles. RESULTS: The following database were searched from November 2021 to February 2022, for clinical trials: Pubmed, Scopus and Cochrane. From 296 records, 10 studies were included involving in the systematic review. Data from 759 patients who received chemoradiotherapy were analyzed. These studies used different classifications for oral mucositis (WHO, NCI, RTOF/EORTC), pain (VAS) and quality of life (EORTC QLQ-C30, UW-QOL (v4), FACT-HN). PBM therapy protocol used five different lasers (GaAlAs, InGaAlP, He-Ne, diode laser, red and near-IR LED probe) with wavelengths ranging from 632,8nm to 850nm. Pain evaluation in was based on the visual analogue scale (VAS) mainly. Prophylactic PBM was effective as it reduced the incidence of grades 3-4 and reduced the overall mean grade of OM during the chemoradiotherapy course compared to the control group. On the other hand, when PBM was used for treatment purposes, it decreased the mean duration of OM compared to the placebo arm. CONCLUSIONS: PBM reduced the incidence of more severe grade of OM induced by chemoradiotherapy. Also, PBM therapy reduced the mean duration of severe OM, mean pain scores and subsequently improved QoL. Key words:Oral mucositis, photobiomodulation, low-level laser therapy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy.
- Effect of Surface Treatments on Adhesion of Milled Polyetheretherketone Post to Different Composite Resin Core Build-Up Materials(Medicina Oral S.L, 2023) Soliman, Tarek-Ahmed; Raffat-Hussein, Eman-Mohamed; Ellayeh, Mohamed; Farahat, Dina-SamyBACKGROUND: To evaluate the effect of surface treatments on adhesion of milled PEEK post to two different composite resin core-build up materials. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Six PEEK posts were divided into the following groups: G1: no treatment+ Grandio core material, G2: no treatment+ Bulk-fill core material, G3: 98% sulfuric acid for 60 seconds+ Grandio core material, G4: 98% sulfuric acid for 60 seconds+ Bulk-fill core material, G5: 50 μm airborne particle abraded + Grandio core material, G6: 50 μm airborne particle abraded + bulk fill core material. The adhesion of the post to core build-up materials was tested using micro push-out bond strength. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's test. RESULTS: There was a significant effect for the surface treatment (p<.001), a non-significant effect for the core build-up materials (p<.289), and a significant effect for their interaction (p<.001) on the bond strength values. CONCLUSIONS: Within the limitation of this study, sulfuric acid etching group significantly increased the bond strength compared to other groups. Bulk-fill core material could be a feasible option when restoring ETT in terms of saving chair time and the treatment procedure simplicity. Key words:Bond Strength, Core material, PEEK, Surface Treatment.
- Increased prevalence of oral potentially malignant lesions among Croatian War invalids, a cross-sectional study(Medicina Oral S.L, 2023) Cigic, Livia; Martinovic, Dinko; Martinic, Jure; Kovic, Mare; Druzijanic, Ana; Galic, Ivan; Tadin, Antonija; Lukanovic, Bozanela; Duzel, Mirna; Poklepovic-Pericic, TinaBACKGROUND: The main objective of this study was to investigate the frequency and type of oral pathological changes, oral subjective symptoms and the knowledge about oral cancer in the population of Croatian military invalids from the Homeland War. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 102 Croatian military invalids from the Homeland War participated in the study. Data were collected on the presence of subjective symptoms in the oral cavity, and a detailed clinical examination of the oral mucosa was performed. RESULTS: Almost half of the participants, 46 (45.1%), reported being smokers, and 64 (62.7%) consumed alcohol daily. Subjective symptoms in the oral cavity were reported by 25 (24.5%) of them. Pathological changes were found in 35 (34.3%) participants, of whom 14 (13.7%) had potentially malignant changes. Pathohistological findings confirmed the diagnosis of a potentially malignant lesion in 10 subjects and indicated the presence of moderate dysplasia in two, carcinoma in situ in one, and invasive carcinoma in one. CONCLUSIONS: Participants didn't show adequate knowledge of risk factors. Forty-one changes in the oral cavity were found in 35 subjects, and as many as 14 were potentially malignant. According to the participants, most dentists and family physicians don't thoroughly and regularly examine their patients' oral mucosa. Key words:Oral cancer, oral lichen planus, leukoplakia, erythroplakia, actinic cheilitis, Croatian Homeland War invalids.
- Scoring system for assessing the symmetry of tooth development in mixed dentition(Medicina Oral S.L, 2023) Friedrich, Reinhard E.; Schön, MoritzBACKGROUND: Human teeth develop sequentially and symmetrically in both halves of the jaws. Disorders of tooth development and eruption can be local or generalized. The symmetry comparison of tooth development is an essential measuring point to assess dentition. The aim of this study was the development of an easy-to-apply score that represents the tooth development of one side of the jaw to carry out side-specific development comparisons. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The stages of development and the state of health of the teeth were determined on orthopantomograms of 59 healthy children and adolescents applying acknowledged developmental standards of teeth. The individual stages of tooth development on one side of the jaw were combined into a numerical score. The sum score of each jaw side was compared. RESULTS: The dental developmental score reveals the side differences of tooth development are small in children and adolescents with mixed dentition (n.s.). The change of teeth starts earlier in females. CONCLUSIONS: The presented score enables an easily applicable examination of the symmetry of tooth development in mixed dentition. Potential applications of the Score are to examine the influence of unilaterally manifest dento-skeletal developmental disorders on the change of teeth and the influence of deviating individual tooth development on neighboring teeth on one side. Key words:Dentition, development, symmetry, permanent teeth, deciduous teeth, oral health.Dentition, development, symmetry, permanent teeth, deciduous teeth, oral health.
- Influence of ceramic thickness, background and cement shade on the translucency of zirconia reinforced lithium silicate and lithium disilicate ceramics(Medicina Oral S.L, 2023) Sancaktar, Ozge; Koseoglu, Merve; Bayindir, FundaBACKGROUND: Although, the influence of cement and background shade on the final color and translucency of zirconia reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS) and lithium disilicate (LDS) ceramics has been previously investigated, there is still little data on the translucency of LDS and ZLS ceramics in decreased thickness (0.4 and 0.6 mm). The aim of this study was to investigate ceramic thickness', background and cement shades' effects on the zirconia reinforced lithium silicate (ZLS) and lithium disilicate (LDS) ceramics' translucency. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Totally 160 square-shaped A1 shade LDS and ZLS samples produced in 0.4 and 0.6 mm thicknesses were cemented with light and neutral shade resin cement on A2 and A3 shade composite resin backgrounds. The color notations of specimen were measured and translucency parameter (TP) values were calculated. Factorial ANOVA and Tamhane's T2 multiple comparison statistical analyzes were used. RESULTS: Highest TP values (11.82±0.97) were obtained in ZLS specimens that were 0.4 mm in thickness, cemented on A2 background with light shade resin cement. While, the lowest TP values (9.60±0.55) were calculated in LDS samples that had 0.6 mm thickness, cemented on A3 background with neutral shade resin cement. CONCLUSIONS: Material type, thickness, and background shade affected TP values of specimens. The cement and background shade used might change the final translucency of ZLS and LDS ceramics that had 0.4 and 0.6 mm thickness. Key words:Ceramics, lithium disilicate, spectrophotometry, zirconia, dental materials.
- Influence of the incorporation of titanium dioxide nanofibers net on bond strength and morphology of a total etching adhesive system(Medicina Oral S.L, 2023) Klein-Júnior, Celso-Afonso; Zimmer, Roberto; Coelho-de-Souza, Fábio-Herrmann; Cantarelli, Henrique; Júnior, Maruí-Cezar-Ribeiro-da Rosa; Reston, Eduardo-GaliaBACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the nanoleakage and microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of an ethanol based-adhesive containing Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanofibers to dentin. MATERIAL AND METHODS: TiO2 nanofiber was produced by electrospinning and it was inserted in an ethanol-based adhesive in 0.5, 1.5 and 2.5% by weight. The original adhesive did not receive nanofiber. The middle dentin was exposed by diamond saw under water-cooling and dentin was polished with wet 600-grit SiC abrasive paper. Resin composite build-ups were applied incrementally to the dentin after adhesive application. After storage in distilled water (24 hours/37°C) the teeth were sectioned perpendicularly to the bonded interface and sticks were obtained. Twenty-five sticks per group were tested by μTBS with a crosshead speed of 0.5mm/minute. The average values (MPa) obtained in each substrate were subjected to one-way ANOVA (α=0,05) with the tooth being considered the experimental unit. The nanoleakage pattern was observed in ten sticks per group and analyzed by Chi-square test (α=0,05). RESULTS: There was no difference in μTBS among the experimental groups. However, there was a statistically significant difference among 2.5 % nanofiber adhesive, 0.5 % nanofibers and control groups, (p=0,028) in relation to nanoleakage. CONCLUSIONS: TiO2 nanofibers in 2.5% of weight inserted in dental adhesive reduced the nanoleakage, but did not improve the μTBS to dentin. Key words:Dentin-bonding agents, nanoleakage, tensile bond strength.
- Raman microscopy evaluation of the preventive effect of a modified orthodontic adhesive with silver nanoparticles on the formation of white spot lesions(Medicina Oral S.L, 2023) Sánchez-Tito, Marco; Castañeda-Vía, José-Alberto; Tay, Lidia-YilengBACKGROUND: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are an effective antibacterial agent, and their inclusion in orthodontic adhesives has been proposed to prevent white spot lesions (WSLs). The objective of this study was to evaluate by Raman microscopy the preventive effect of an orthodontic adhesive modified with AgNPs on the formation of WSLs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: AgNPs were added in four concentrations (0.05%, 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1%) to an orthodontic adhesive. Metal brackets were bonded with the experimental adhesives, and the specimens were subjected to a microbial model for caries induction. The preventive effect on the formation of WSLs was evaluated by Raman microscopy, considering the intensity peak of the phosphate ion at 960 cm-1. The acquisition mode was linear scanning in the most representative lesion area, with a length of 136µm. Intensity values expressed the relative amount of phosphate ions remaining in the lesion. Microphotographs were analyzed in the Image J program to assess the depth of the lesions. RESULTS: Significant differences were observed between all groups (P <0.05). The addition of 1% AgNPs effectively maintained the relative amount of phosphate ions close to sound enamel values. Furthermore, as the concentration of AgNPs increased, the depth of the lesions decreased. CONCLUSIONS: AgNPs were effective in decreasing the formation of WSLs. At a higher concentration of AgNPs, a more significant preventive effect on the formation of WSLs results in a relative amount of phosphate ion close to sound enamel values. Key words:White spot lesions, antibacterial, orthodontics, Raman microscopy, adhesive, Silver-nanoparticles.
- Ultrasonic osteotomy and regeneration with A-PRF+ for periapical surgery of a mandibular molar with root cyst perforating the lingual osseous cortex: A case report(Medicina Oral S.L, 2023) Sanz-Zornoza, Vicent; Bernabeu Mira, Juan Carlos ; Soto-Peñaloza, David ; Peñarrocha Oltra, David; Peñarrocha Diago, MiguelBACKGROUND: Periapical surgery is a complex dental procedure that remains a considerable challenge in clinical practice. The use of APRF+ membranes and piezoelectric osteotomy help to improve outcomes and increase the efficiency and speed of recovery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This case report describes a 20 years-old man with a periapical lesion which perforated the lingual cortex in a lower mandibular molar. A periapical surgery was performed with endoscope magnification and ultrasonic osteotomy. Apicectomy and retrograde cavities were performed using a piezoelectric scalpel and sealed using a bioceramic sealer. The osteolytic defect was filled with A-PRF+ membranes and the bone cortex was repositioned trough a micro-screw. RESULTS: The histological analysis concluded an inflammatory odontogenic cyst. The postoperative period was uneventful with pain and mild oedema until the fourth day. Short-term follow-up showed the beginnings of bone regeneration and correct healing of the surgery without periodontal defects. Two-year follow-up showed favorable results and regeneration of the bone defect. CONCLUSIONS: Periapical surgery with magnification, ultrasonic osteotomy repositioning and application of A-PRF+ membranes as an adjuvant proved to be an effective approach for the regeneration of the osteolytic process, allowing the preservation of the tooth. Promising short and long-term results were shown for this case report. Key words:Periapical surgery, osteotomy, ultrasound, A-PRF+.
- Extensive dental caries and periodontal disease in a child with GATA2 deficiency(Medicina Oral S.L, 2023) Consonni, Filippo; Gambineri, Eleonora; Veltroni, Marinella; Callea, MicheleBACKGROUND: GATA2 deficiency is an inborn error of immunity (IEI) characterized by infectious susceptibility and increased risk of myelodysplasia leading to acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Oral anomalies already described in this disorder include recurrent viral and fungal infections and oral ulcers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We report a 9-year-old girl presenting with AML with myelodysplasia-related changes, monosomy 7 karyotype on marrow aspirate, numerous flat warts on her hands and multiple dental caries at oral cavity inspection. Dental evaluation and genetic testing (Sanger sequencing) for GATA2 were carried out considering the peculiar clinical presentation. RESULTS: Dental evaluation showed extensive caries and periodontal disease, while genetic studies revealed a known c.1009 C>T (p.Arg337X) mutation in GATA2. After multidisciplinary discussion, affected teeth were extracted before chemotherapy, in general anaesthesia, together with scaling and root planning of the alveolar sockets. Subsequently, the patient underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) from her HLA-matched GATA2 wild-type sibling, who did not bear any dental anomalies. No dento-alveolar infections were encountered during post-chemotherapy aplasia. CONCLUSIONS: This case first describes the association between GATA2 deficiency and extensive dental caries with periodontal disease, highlighting the importance of an early dental evaluation and intervention in children with leukaemia. Key words:GATA2 deficiency, Inborn errors of immunity, teeth, dental decay, multidisciplinary approach.
- Craniofacial fibrous dysplasia with cystic degeneration - A diagnostic challenge(Medicina Oral S.L, 2023) Alves, Fábio-Abreu; Matos, Bruno-Henrique-Figueiredo; de Almeida, Oslei-Paes; Carvalho, Giovanna-LopesBenign fibro-osseous lesions with cystic degenerations have been scarcely reported in craniofacial bones and its unusual characteristics pose a diagnostic challenge. Here, we report a case of craniofacial fibrous dysplasia presenting a large cystic degeneration. A 55-year-old woman had a history of pain, slight asymmetry on the zygomatic region and ocular pressure. Computed tomography revealed on the right side, multiple craniofacial bones showing a ground glass aspect, associated with an extensive hypodense, unilocular, well circumscribed lesion in the maxilla, and smaller lesions in the sphenoid bone. After a surgical procedure performed in another service, there was a complete improvement in symptoms, and after 1 year, the patient remains stable, with no changes. In the literature review, thirty-three reported cases of the same association in the craniofacial region were found. The main symptoms were sudden increase in the lesion and pain, and the indication of intervention in cystic lesions was only indicated in symptomatic cases or functional deficit. The knowledge of the possibility of the association of benign fibro-osseous lesions and cystic degenerations in craniofacial bones is essential to perform a correct diagnosis and treatment for these patients, consequently avoiding unnecessary procedures. Key words:Craniofacial fibrous dysplasia, Fibrous dysplasia, Benign fibro-osseous lesions, Cystic degeneration.
- Pulpal calcifications in orthodontically moved teeth: Scoping review(Medicina Oral S.L, 2023) Farias, Zilda; Sousa, Juliana; Faria, Caroline; Vieira, Juliana; Sobral, Ana; Silveira, MarciaBACKGROUND: The application of forces during orthodontic treatment can induce pulpal calcifications, characterized by the deposition of mineralized tissue in the pulp cavity space, there may be repercussions on dental procedures, especially endodontic treatment. The objective of this article is to map the scientific evidence and any gaps in knowledge regarding the relationship between orthodontics and dental pulp calcifications. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study comprised a scoping review whose guiding question was: "What is the scientific evidence of the association between pulpal calcifications and orthodontic treatment?" Two independent reviewers searched the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases and the grey literature. Original articles and observational and clinical trials, which addressed the repercussions on the pulp cavity of teeth submitted to orthodontic treatment, were included. There was no language restriction or limitation of the year of publication until October 2022. RESULTS: After critical reading and applying the eligibility criteria, 11 studies were included in this scoping review: six observational and five experimental studies. A statistically significant association of orthodontic treatment with changes in pulp cavity volume and increased incidence of pulp stones was observed among the studies findings. CONCLUSIONS: The orthodontic force can promote changes in the dental pulp that may cause direct implications in other dental treatments, especially endodontic treatment. Key words:Dental pulp calcifications, pulp node, pulp obliteration, orthodontic treatment, orthodontics.
