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Language Medicina oral, patología oral y cirugía bucal. Ed inglesa. 2018. Vol. 23, no. 5
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- Effect of total sonicated Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans fragments on gingival stem/progenitor cells(2018) Fawzy-El-Sayed, Karim; Graetz, Christian; Köhnlein, Theresa; Mekhemar, Mohamed; Dörfer, ChristofAggregatibacter-actinomycetemcomitans (A.actinomycetemcomitans) are strongly associated with localized-aggressive-periodontitis (LAgP). The study?s aim was to test for the first time the effect of total sonicated A.actinomycetemcomitans-bacterial-fragments on gingival mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells? (G-MSCs) proliferation and regenerative gene expression in-vitro. G-MSCs were isolated, characterized, expanded and stimulated by total sonicated A.actinomycetemcomitans-bacterial-fragments (0 (negative-control), 15, 60, 120 and 240µg/ml; serovar-b; n=6/group). Cellular proliferation and NF-?? (NFKB1), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALPL), Collagen-I (COL1A1), Collagen-III (COL3A1), Osteonectin (SPARC) and Osteopontin (SPP1) m-RNA expression were assessed via reverse-transcription-polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) at 24, 48 and 72 hours and CFUs-ability evaluated at twelve days. G-MSCs demonstrated stem/progenitor cells? characteristics. A.actinomycetemcomitans-bacterial-fragments (up to 72 hours) resulted in marked G-MSCs? proliferation over-time (p<0.001) and elevated NFKB1 (p=0.017), COL1A1 (p=0.025), SPARC (p=0.025), decreased ALPL (p=0.017), with no significant differences for COL3A1 and SPP1 expression or stimulation times (p>0.05; Friedman-test). Longer-term stimulation for twelve days reduced G-MSCs? CFUs. Sonicated A.actinomycetemcomitans-bacterial-fragments? exert beneficial short-term effects on G-MSCs? proliferative and non-mineralized tissue forming aptitude. Results shed new light on the importance of periodontal treatment for LAgP patients, using power driven sonic/ultrasonic devices, which, in addition to reducing the subgingival microbial load, produces cell-stimulatory A.actinomycetemcomitans-bacterial-fragments, with positive attributes on tissue reparative/regenerative responses of tissue resident stem/progenitor cells in their niche.
- Electrostimulation of the lingual nerve by an intraoral device may lead to salivary gland regeneration : a case series study(2018) Wolff, Andy; Koray, Meltem; Campisi, Giuseppina; Strietzel, Frank Peter; Lafaurie Villamil, Gloria Inés; Beiski, Ben Z.; Ekström, JörgenSalivary gland function is controlled by the salivary reflex, whose efferent arm is composed by the parasympathetic and the sympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system. Parenchymal injury is the main salivary gland involvement of Sjögren?s syndrome and head and neck radiotherapy, but neural damage has been reported as well. Recently an intraoral device for electrostimulation of the lingual nerve in vicinity to the lower third molar has been introduced. At this point this nerve carries efferent fibers for the innervation of the submandibular, sublingual and several minor salivary glands and afferent fibers of the salivary reflex. Therefore, excitation of these fibers potentially leads to increased secretion of all salivary glands. Thus, the study objective was to assess whether comprehensive neural activation by electrostimulation of the lingual nerve carries the potential to induce the regeneration of damaged salivary glands. The device was tested on three patients with no collectable resting and stimulated secretion of saliva during a double blind, sham controlled period of two months and nine open-label months. All three subjects developed the capacity to spit saliva, not only in direct response to the electrostimulation but also after free intervals without electrostimulation. In addition, their symptoms of dry mouth severity and frequency improved. This recovery is probably due to the combined effect of increase in secretory functional gland mass and regain of nervous control of the secretory elements and blood vessels. Both are phenomena that would contribute to gland regeneration.
- Influence of short implants geometry on primary stability(2018) González Serrano, José; Molinero Mourelle, Pedro; Pardal Peláez, Beatriz; Sáez Alcaide, Luis Miguel; Ortega Aranegui, Ricardo; López Quiles, JuanA correct design is needed in short implants to improve primary stability (PS) in low quality bone. This study aimed to compare PS of double thread and single thread short implants. Thirty implants with single thread design (PHI/SHORT-I) and 30 implants with double thread design (PHIA/SHORT-I) (Radhex®, Inmet-Garnick S.A., Guadalajara, Spain) were placed in 30 randomly selected bovine ribs. PS was assessed in implant stability quotients (ISQ) and periotest values (PV) with Osstell? and Periotest® devices, respectively. Computed tomographies of the ribs were taken and bone quality was evaluated in Hounsfield Units (HU) using Ez3D Plus software (Vatech Co., Korea). Only implants placed in low quality bone according to Misch and Kircos classification were selected (D3 bone: 350-850 HU; and D4 bone: 150-350 HU). Ten implants were not included in the study for being placed in D1 and D2 bone. Finally, 50 implants were selected: 17 and 9 PHI/SHORT-I in D3 and D4 bone respectively, and 15 and 9 PHIA/SHORT-I in D3 and D4 bone respectively. The one-way ANOVA showed statistically significant differences in ISQ (61.35 ± 4.77 in PHI/SHORT-I and 66.43 ± 4.49 in PHIA/SHORT-I, P<0.005) and PV (-2.76 ± 0.8 and -4.11 ± 1.24 respectively, P<0.005) between two implant designs in D3 bone, and statistically significant differences in ISQ (53.44 ± 3.34 in PHI/SHORT-I and 60.56 ± 1.53 in PHIA/SHORT-I, P<0.0001) and PV (1.13 ± 0.95 and -2.5 ± 0.61 respectively, P<0.0001) between two groups in D4 bone. Double thread design short implants resulted to have higher PS in comparison with single thread design short implants in D3 and D4 bone.
- Advantages of surgical simulation in the surgical reconstruction of oncological patients(2018) Iglesias Martin, Fernando; Oliveros-Lopez, Luis; Fernández Olavarria, Ana; Serrera Figallo, María Angeles; Gutiérrez Corrales, Aida; Torres Lagares, Daniel; Gutiérrez Pérez, José LuisStereolithography, which consists of computer-aided designed/computer-aided manufactured (CAD-CAM) and computer simulations, is a manufacturing technologies used for the production of definitive models and prototypes printed in three dimensions, and is widely used in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Surgical procedures using models made by these technologies offer several advantages. This article describes three clinical cases of our experiences with patients diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma and mandibular osteosarcoma, who underwent surgical removal of the lesions and subsequent mandibular reconstruction with a free fibula graft using surgical guides. In all three clinical cases, surgical guides were used for the mandibular osteotomy, fibula osteotomy, and graft placement in the recipient area. Surgical guidelines are useful for improving the accuracy of surgical interventions and are appropriate for many types of resection and mandibular reconstruction.
- Biochemical composition of salivary stones in relation to stone- and patient-related factors(2018) Kraaij, Saskia; Brand, Henk S.; van der Meij, Erik H.; de Visscher, Jan-GamSalivary stones are calcified structures most often found in the main duct of the submandibular or parotid salivary gland. They contain of a core surrounded by laminated layers of organic and inorganic material. Submandibular and parotid sialoliths (n=155) were collected at the department of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery of a general hospital between February 1982 and September 2012. The weight of the sialoliths was determined and the consistency was subjectively classified. Subsequently, the biochemical composition of the stones was determined by wet chemical methods or FT-IR spectrometry. Age and gender of the patients were retrieved from their medical records. Data were statistically analyzed using Fisher?s exact tests. Sialoliths are mainly composed of inorganic material. Carbonate apatite was identified in 99% of the stones, phosphate in 88%, calcium in 87%, magnesium in 68%, struvite in 44%, oxalate in 38% and carbonate in 35%. Solid salivary stones contain more frequently struvite than stones with a soft consistency (p=0.05). Larger stones (>100mg) contain more frequently carbonate (p=0.05). Stones from older patients (?38years) showed an almost significant trend towards more frequent presence of phosphate (p=0.083). The biochemical composition of submandibular and parotid sialoliths is related to stone-related factors, probably to age but not to the gender of the patient.
- Non-invasive joint decompression : an important factor in the regeneration of the bone marrow and disc recapture in temporomandibular arthropathies(2018) Catunda, Ivson; Cavalcanti do Egito Vasconcelos, Belmiro; Corrêa, Marcus-Vinicius-Martins; Matos, Marcelo-Freire; Nogueira, Emerson-Filipe-de Carvalho; Learreta, Jorge A.This article aims to demonstrate the importance of the TMJ (Temporomandibular Joint) decompression in the treatment of degenerative processes and disc displacements, reporting two clinical cases treated with orthopedic and decompressive correction of TMJ. The studies reported in this article show patients with muscle and joint pain who were evaluated pre and post-treatment through MRI (Magnetic Resonance Irradiation) to follow-up bone marrow regeneration and TMJ disc placement. Transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TENS), measurement equipment and IO (Intraoral Orthotic) were used to evaluate and treat the patients. A critical review of literature has also been conducted to confront clinical outcomes. Marrow bone regeneration and disc placement were observed in both patients. The use of measurement equipment associated with TENS to find the correct rest position of the Jaw an the use of IO to decompress the TMJ was an effective way to promote bone marrow regeneration and disc placement, consequently improving function and quality of life.
- Investigation of SOSTDC1 gene in non-syndromic patients with supernumerary teeth(2018) Arikan, Volkan; Cumaogullari, Ozge; Ozgul, Betul-Memis; Oz, Firdevs-TulgaThe etiology of supernumerary teeth is still unclear however heredity is believed to be a major factor and this idea was supported by several case reports. Recently, a relationship between supernumerary tooth formation and deficiency of Uterine Sensitization Associated Gene-1 (Usag-1), a rat gene that is expressed in sensitized endometrium, was reported in mice. The human homolog gene for Usag-1, Sclerostin Domain Containing 1 (SOSTDC1), shows 85% identity with mouse Usag-1. The present study aimed to investigate SOSTDC1 coding regions in non-syndromic patients with one or more supernumerary teeth. Twenty-five non-syndromic patients (21 male and 4 female) aged 5-15 years, with one or more supernumerary teeth were included in the study. Saliva samples were collected from patients and DNA samples were isolated and analyzed using PCR. Eight phenotypes of supernumerary tooth formation were observed in the study. From the DNA analysis, 2 novel and 3 previously identified sequence alterations were identified however, in investigating the Usag-1 homolog SOSTDC1 gene, the present study could not find any phenotype-genotype relationship. There are many SOSTDC1 homolog genes in the human genome and future studies should investigate these candidate genes. Also studies in larger case groups including family members may reveal the hereditary pattern.
- Clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical characterization of 14 cases of angioleiomyomas in oral cavity(2018) Aitken Saavedra, Juan; Silva, Karine; Neutzling Gomes, Ana Paula; Uchoa Vasconcelos, Ana Carolina; Etges, Adriana; Nóbrega, Thaíse-Gomes; Chaves Tarquínio, Sandra BeatrizAngioleiomyoma (ALM) is a benign neoplasm that originates from vascular smooth muscle. It is extremely rare in oral cavity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of all oral angioleiomyomas registered in a Center of Diagnosis of Oral Diseases from 1959 to 2017. Slides from 14 cases of ALM stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) were analyzed to confirm the diagnosis. Moreover, an immunohistochemical panel with alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA), desmin, AE1/AE3, CD68, S-100, and CD34 antibodies was performed to evaluate semi-quantitatively the positive cells. ALM correspond to 0.08% of all benign oral tumors analyzed during the 57-year period. The mean age of the patients was 45 years with a predilection to males (58%). The most frequently reported site was lips (50%). Microscopic analysis on H&E sections revealed similar pattern in all cases, showing well-circumscribed and encapsulated tumors, characterized by a proliferation of smooth muscle cells and wide vascular spaces of varying sizes. The predominant immuno profiles were: alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) positive (strong immunoreactivity); positive variable pattern for desmin, negative immunoprofile for AE1/AE3, CD68, and S-100. The endothelial cells of vascular spaces were CD34+. Based on the results, the alpha-SM actin can be elected as a good marker for angioleiomyomas and can help the confirmation of the morphologic diagnosis of this lesion.
- Validation of the Spanish version of the Franciscan Hospital for Children Oral Health-Related Quality of Life questionnaire(2018) Rollon-Ugalde, Virginia; Coello Suanzes, J.; Castaño Seiquer, A.; Lledo-Villar, Emilio; Espinoza-Visval, Ivanna; López Jiménez, Ana María; Infante Cossío, Pedro; Rollón Mayordomo, AngelThe Franciscan Hospital for Children Oral Health-Related Quality of Life questionnaire (FHC-OHRQOL-Q) is an instrument designed specifically for parents and caregivers of patients with special needs that has not yet been applied in Spain. The aim of this study was to adapt it to Spanish and evaluate its reliability and validity in patients with intellectual disability (ID) treated under general anesthesia. The study was conducted in two different stages: a) cross-cultural adaptation of the original questionnaire, and b) cross-sectional study on 100 parents and caregivers who completed the piloted FHC-OHRQOL-Q. The patients were examined according to the WHO methodology. Dental treatments performed were recorded. Statistical tests were used to evaluate reliability (internal consistency) and validity (content, criterion, construct and discriminant) of the instrument. The mean age was 24 years (range=4-71 years). The most frequent causes of ID were psychomotor retardation (25%) and cerebral palsy (24%). The items most frequently answered by parents and caregivers were eating and nutrition problems (80%) and bad breath/taste (57%). Reliability (Cronbach?s alpha coefficient) was considered excellent (alpha=0.80-0.95). The analysis of the factorial validity yielded similar results to the original questionnaire. The high response rate of items (>96%) allowed content validity. Criterion validity was confirmed by a significant correlation with questions on oral health and oral well-being. Discriminant validity was demonstrated by the significant association of ?21.5 years of age with worse oral symptoms (p=0.034) and parental concerns (p=0.005), DMFT index ?3 with daily life problems (p=0.02), ?4 decayed teeth with daily life problems (p=0.001), and >2 dental extractions with oral symptoms (p=0.000), daily life problems (p=0.002) and parent´s perceptions (p=0.043). The FHC-OHRQOL-Q in Spanish is a reliable and valid instrument to apply in clinical practice to evaluate the impact of OHRQOL in mostly adult patients with ID, accessible to Spanish-speaking parents and caregivers.
- Antibiotic prophylaxis habits in dental implant surgery among dentists in Spain. A cross-sectional survey(2018) Arteagoitia Calvo, María Iciar; Rodríguez Andrés, Carlos; Rodríguez-Sánchez, FabioThe use of antibiotics to prevent dental implant failures and postoperative infections remains a controversial issue. The objectives of this study were to assess the current antibiotic prescribing patterns and antibiotic prescribing frequency of dentists in Biscay (Spain) in conjunction with routine dental implant surgery among healthy patients and to determine whether any consensus has been reached by such practitioners and last published evidence was being followed. Observational cross-sectional study: electronic survey. This study was reported according to the STROBE guidelines. This anonymous questionnaire contained open-ended and close-ended questions. An email was sent 26 October 2017 to all the registered members of the Biscay dentists? College (n=989). The collected data were analyzed using STATA® 14 software, and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to assess the frequency of prescription for each antibiotic regimen. The survey was responded to by a total of 233 participants (response rate=23.56%). Overall, 210 participants finished the survey completely, and 23 surveys were answered partially. The questionnaire was responded to by 122 females (58.1%) and 88 males (41.9%). Of the participants, 88% (n=207) always routinely prescribed prophylactic antibiotics in conjunction with dental implant surgery (95% CI: 84.79-92.88%). Approximately 9% (n=22) prescribed antibiotics sometimes (95% CI: 5.68-13.19%), and only 4 dentists (1.72%) never prescribed antibiotics (95% CI: 0.04-3.38%). Overall, 179 of 233 respondents prescribed both pre- and postoperative antibiotics (78.85%, 95% CI: 72.96-83.97%), 13 prescribed antibiotics only preoperatively (5.73%, 95% CI: 3.08-9.59%), and 35 prescribed antibiotics exclusively after routine dental implant surgery (15.42%, 95% CI: 10.98-20.78%). Most of the dentists working in Biscay routinely prescribe prophylactic antibiotics in conjunction with dental implant surgery among healthy patients. A large range of prophylactic regimens are prescribed and the most recently published evidence is not being followed.
- Tooth loss in Sjögren?s syndrome patients compared to age and gender matched controls(2018) Maarse, Floor; Jager, Derk H. Jan; Forouzanfar, Tymour; Wolff, Jan; Brand, Henk S.To analyze the prevalence and location of tooth loss in Sjögren?s syndrome (SS) patients and compare them with an age- and gender-matched control group. Dental charts and x-rays of 108 (SS) patients were retrieved from an academic dental center and special care dentistry department. For each SS patient, an age- and gender-matched non-SS patient was randomly selected. Medication, number of extractions and date and location of extractions were assessed. Differences between SS and non-SS patients were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U tests, Chi-square tests and Fisher?s exact tests. Significantly more SS patients were edentulous compared to the non-SS group (14.8% versus 1.9%, p = 0.001). SS patients had a 61% higher risk to have experienced one or more extractions than control patients. In the SS group, there was a non-significant tendency for more maxillary teeth to have been extracted than mandibular teeth (42:34). In the control group, the number of extractions in the maxilla and mandible were comparable (21:20). When divided into sextants, the number of SS patients with one or more extractions was significantly higher than for non-SS patients for each sextant (p = 0.001 to p = 0.032). The largest difference in the proportion of patients with one or more extractions between the SS and non-SS patients occurred in the upper anterior sextant (3.4 times more frequent). SS patients are more prone to experience dental extractions compared to patients without SS. It could be speculated that this is related to a decreased salivary secretion.
- Clinicopathological evaluation and survival of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue(2018) Nóbrega, Thamirys-Dantas; Queiroz, Salomão-Israel-Monteiro-Lourenço; Santos, Edilmar-de Moura; Costa, Antônio de Lisboa Lopes; Pereira-Pinto, Leão; Souza, Lélia Batista deEarly detection of oral cancer is the most effective means of reducing morbidity, complexity, and extent of treatment. This study evaluated the clinicopathological profile of epidermoid carcinoma of the tongue, including treatment and survival. This observational, retrospective cross-sectional study evaluated patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue treated at the Dr. Luiz Antônio Hospital, Natal, Brazil, from January 2001 to December 2011. Survival variables were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by log rank tests. Of the 412 patients diagnosed in this period, 298 (72.3%) were men; their mean age was 60.5 years, and 69.2% were diagnosed with stage III/IV tumours. Improved survival was associated with early stage diagnosis, absence of affected lymph nodes at diagnosis, and treatment with surgery alone. Late stage diagnosis of oral cancer negatively affects patient survival. In addition, the general public should be made aware of the prognostic factors for oral SCC of the tongue and of the importance of periodic examinations of the oral cavity.
- Radiation-related superficial oral mucoceles : an under-recognized acute toxicity in head and neck cancer patients(2018) Ribeiro, Ana-Carolina-Prado; Santos Silva, Alan Roger; Morais-Faria, Karina; Silva, Wagner-Gomes; Simonato, Luciana Estevam; Moutinho, Karina; Brandao, Thais-BiancaAcute toxicity is usually defined as adverse changes occurring immediately or a short time after the start of oncological treatment. Cross-sectional retrospective study performed with head and neck cancer patients who underwent radiotherapy from 2013 to 2016. Ten (1.2%) patients developed SOMs during radiotherapy, most (80%) of which were men with a mean age of 59.5 years at diagnosis. SOMs mainly affected the floor of the mouth (60%) between the fourth and the sixth weeks of radiation therapy. All lesions were asymptomatic and spontaneously ruptured approximately 9 days after diagnosis. Although rare, SOMs may be regarded as an acute oral toxicity of head and neck radiotherapy.
- Maxillary reconstruction using rectus femoris muscle flap and sagittal mandibular ramus/coronoid process graft pedicled with temporalis muscle(2018) Wang, Weihong; Xu, Biao; Zhu, Jin; Li, Chun-Yang; Shen, Shiying; Qian, YemeiMaxillary reconstruction using various pedicled and free-tissue transfer techniques with bone graft or without bone graft has some drawbacks. In this study, we demonstrate maxillary reconstruction using femoris rectus muscle flap and sagittal mandibular ramus/coronoid process graft pedicled with temporalis muscle through the modified lateral lip-submandibular approach. Nine patients suffering from maxillary defects secondary to maxillary cancer ablation, who underwent maxillary reconstruction using rectus femoris muscle flap and sagittal mandibular ramus/coronoid process graft pedicled with temporalis muscle, were enrolled into this study between November 2015 and August 2017. All patients who underwent the maxillary reconstruction using femoris rectus muscle flap and sagittal mandibular ramus/coronoid process graft pedicled with temporalis muscle presented satisfactory postoperative function, with adequate mouth opening, optimal esthetic outcome and no restrictions on the diet. Every rectus femoris muscle flaps mucosalized well within five weeks. No donor site functional impairment or complications were observed. The technique is a feasible and acceptable technique for the maxillary reconstructions. It is safe, quick and simple to harvest. It also presents an optimal esthetic and satisfactory functional outcome with the advantage of low morbidity of the donor site. Combined with the three-dimension reconstruction, this technique can improve the postoperative outcomes.
- Application of nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan scaffolds on rat calvarial critical-sized defects : a pilot study(2018) Chatzipetros, Emmanouil; Christopoulos, Panos; Donta, Catherine; Tosios, Konstantinos I.; Tsiambas, Evangelos; Tsiourvas, Dimitris; Kalogirou, Eleni Marina; Tsiklakis, KostasThe purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate for the first time the effect of 75/25 w/w nano-Hydroxyapatite/Chitosan (nHAp/CS) scaffolds on Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR) in rat calvarial critical-sized defects (CSDs). Six adult Sprague Dawley rats, 3 males and 3 females, were used. Two CSDs, full thickness and 5mm in diameter, were trephined in both sides of the parietal bone. The right CSD was filled with nHAp/CS scaffold, while the left CSD remained empty, as the control group. The wound was sutured in layers. Rats were euthanized with diethyl ether inhalation at 2, 4 and 8 weeks after surgical procedure. Histological and histomorphometric analysis was performed within distinct regions of interest (ROI): the lateral area inward of the middle sagittal seam; the lateral area outward of the middle sagittal seam and the central area. The mean surface of newly formed bone (in ?m2) in the lateral area inward of the middle sagittal seam of all rats was significantly higher (P=0.039) in the experimental group (91733.00±38855.60) than the control group (46762.17±25507.97). The NOex-c, defined as total number of osteocytes (OST) in newly formed bone surface in experimental group [experimental OST] minus the total number of osteocytes in newly formed bone surface in control group [control OST], was significantly greater (P=0.029) at 4th week post-surgery. Within the experimental group, a statistically significant increase (P=0.042) in the surface of newly formed bone was noticed in rats euthanized in 4th week compared with rats euthanized in 2nd week after surgery in the lateral area inward of the middle sagittal seam. The results of this study suggest that 75/25 w/w nHAp/CS scaffolds should be considered as a suitable biomaterial for GBR.
- Periodontal therapy for patients before and after radiotherapy : a review of the literature and topics of interest for clinicians(2018) Irie, Milena-Suemi; Mendes, Eduardo-Moura; Borges, Juliana-Simeão; Osuna, Luis-Gustavo-Gonzalez; Rabelo, Gustavo-Davi; Soares, Priscilla-Barbosa-FerreiraTo review and discuss important topics regarding periodontal treatment pre- and post-radiotherapy for head and neck cancer in human patients; to discuss the references for adequate techniques, the appropriate moment for tooth extractions and periodontal management; and to discuss the prevention of osteoradionecrosis. Thirty-nine studies including original studies, randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and reviews were searched in online databases MEDLINE (PubMed) and the Cochrane library. No year of publication restriction was applied. Language was restricted to English, and the following Medical Subject Heading terms were used: radiotherapy, radiation therapy and periodontal treatment. Studies regarding periodontal treatment and tooth extraction that involved clinical management of irradiated patients were selected. The treatment of periodontal diseases before radiotherapy is mainly required to avoid future dental extraction and to reduce the development of osteoradionecrosis. Periodontal treatment in irradiated patients mostly includes scaling and root planing, extraction of condemned teeth and topical and systemic antimicrobial therapy. Tooth removal should be planned at least 14 days before the first day of radiation treatment. Particular care and mouthwashes should be taken during and after radiation. The management of irradiated patients represents a challenge for health professionals, including dentists. It is important to establish recommendations for clinicians concerning dental and periodontal management in irradiated patients before, during and after treatment.
- A retrospective analysis of oral and maxillofacial pathology in a pediatric population from Rio de Janeiro?Brazil over a 75-year period(2018) Prosdócimo, Maria-Luiza; Agostini, Michelle; Romañach, Mário José; Andrade, Bruno Augusto Benevenuto deThe aim of this study was to analyze the distribution of oral and maxillofacial lesions affecting children and adolescents patients from a single oral pathology laboratory from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Oral and maxillofacial lesions biopsied in patients younger than 19-years were retrieved from the oral pathology files of the Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro over a 75-year period (1942-2017). The clinical data and the diagnoses of each case were included in a Microsoft Excel® database, being classified into 13 categories according to the etiology. A descriptive analysis of the variables age, gender and final diagnosis was made. From 19.095 lesions diagnosed in this period, 2408 (12.61%) were from patients aged 0 to19 years, with a higher incidence in females in the second decade. Salivary gland pathology was the most common group of lesions (24.30%), followed by reactive lesions (16.82%) and odontogenic cysts (14.66%). Mucocele was the most common lesion (21.72%), followed by dentigerous cyst (6.48%) and fibrous hyperplasia (6.44%). Malignant lesions were observed in 1.12% of all cases with Burkitt lymphoma as the most frequent. Our results were similar to previous studies and knowledge of these data may contribute to the understanding of oral lesions that most commonly affects children.
- Epstein-Barr virus is not detected in mucosal lichen planus(2018) Danielsson, Karin; Nylander, Elisabet; Sjöström, Mats; Ebrahimi, MajidLichen planus (LP) is a chronic inflammatory, immunological, mucocutaneous disease can affect skin, genital and oral mucosa. Oral lichen planus (OLP) is the most common noninfectious, chronic inflammatory oral disease affecting 1-2% of the general adult population. World Health Organization (WHO) classifies OLP as a potentially malignant disorder. Epstein Barr virus or human herpesvirus-4, is a member of the herpes virus family and one of the most ubiquitous viruses known to human, infecting approximately 90% of the world?s adult population. The virus often infects B lymphocytes resulting in a wide spectrum of mucocutaneous and systemic diseases, ranging from mild lesions to aggressive malignancies. The aim of this study was to investigate expression of the EBV encoded RNAs EBER1 and EBER2 in oral and genital lichen planus and compare results with normal tissues in situ hybridization which is considered the golden standard for detection of EBER. A total of 68 biopsies, 25 oral LP, 26 genital LP, 10 oral controls and finally 7 genital controls were analysed using situ hybridization. All samples had RNA as shown by the control slide, whereas no case contained neither EBER1 nor EBER2. Based on results from our study EBV is not involved in aetiology of lichen planus.
