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Language Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry. 2025. Vol. 17, no. 11
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- Ectopic migration of the mandibular third molar to the condylar region: a narrative bibliographic review of a case(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Lacalzada-Pastor, MarÃaDental inclusions are relatively common; however, inclusions in the condylar, subcondylar, or coronoid process regions are extremely rare.This paper describes a clinical case of ectopic migration of a third molar to the condylar region of the right mandibular ramus. To update knowledge about this entity, its possible etiology, clinical characteristics, and therapeutic options, a review of the literature from the last 25 years, from 2000 to 2025, was conducted.Ectopic migration of mandibular third molars to the condylar region is a rare condition. In most cases, it causes pathology that must be treated. Therapeutic treatment should be based on symptoms, radiological findings, and the functional status of the temporomandibular joint. In the absence of symptoms and pathology, conservative treatment with follow-up may be a safe and appropriate option, as in the case presented.
- Custom healing abutment performing the spider web technique. A series of two cases(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Polis Yanes, Carlos; Cadenas Sebastián, Carla; Egido Moreno, Sonia; López López, JoséBone and soft tissue remodeling after tooth loss is an inevitable physiological process. By placing immediate dental implants and performing a custom healing abutment (CHA), we can help achieve a stable emergence profile and reduce tissue volume loss. Purpose: The purpose of this work is to present a series of two clinical cases to show the Spider Web Technique for the creation of custom healing abutments (CHAs) chair-side in immediate implants.We present two cases of lower molars with CHAs performed chair-side in the clinic using titanium abutments and flowable composite with the Spider Web Technique as an alternative to prefabricated titanium or polyetheretherketone (PEEK) ones. A brief discussion was held providing other techniques for carrying out CHAs.The creation of CHAs was simple and fast and the postoperative period was very good. After the osseointegration period, the appearance of the peri-implant tissues, as well as the bone level, were optimal for making the definitive crown.The Spider Web Technique provides an effective way to create a CHA around a provisional titanium abutment immediately intraoperatively chair-side with low cost and predictable results. Comparative protocolized studies with others are necessary to obtain clear conclusions and protocols.
- Radiographic and histomorphometric evaluation of autogenous particulated dentin for alveolar ridge preservation: a systematic review and meta-analyses(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Castells-Mira, Enrique; Sánchez-Benito, Ferran; Almiñana Pastor, Pedro J.; López Roldán, AndrésThe present systematic review aimed to identify and summarize the radiographic and histological outcomes of alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) using autogenous particulate dentin (APD) compared with spontaneous healing (SH) or other materials in alveolus post-extraction The protocol of this PRISMA systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021245740). Clinical trials (CT) fulfilling specific eligibility criteria were included. Screening, data extraction and quality assessment were conducted by two reviewers. Study results were summarized using random effect metanalyses to synthesize the findings of the trials.Fourteen articles concerning ten Randomized CT were included, involving a total of 304 participants, reporting data from 458 sockets. Most of the studies were considered as "unclear" risk of bias. Metanalyses indicated less horizontal at coronal third (difference in weighted means (WMD) = 2.04 mm; p<0.001) and middle third (WMD = 1.52 mm; p=0.002) bone resorption in ARP with APD compared to spontaneous healing assessed radiographically. However, no statistical significance was reached in the apical third (WMD = 0.33 mm; p=0.435) or in the vertical dimensional changes (at buccal aspect, WMD = 0.19 mm; p=0.789; and at lingual aspect, WMD = 0.44 mm; p=0.271). It was not possible to perform a meta-analysis for histomorphometric.ARP with APD is an effective therapy to attenuate post-extraction bone resorption and ridge changes, especially in the coronal width of the socket.
- In-vivo studies on sustained release systems for delivering antimycotics. A systematic review focused on oral candidiasis treatment(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Gaitán Cepeda, Luis Alberto; Huerta-Reyes, Maira Estrella; Sánchez Vargas, Luis Octavio; Villanueva Vilchis, MarÃa del CarmenOral candidiasis (OC) is the most common infection in patients wearing polymer-based dentures. Sustained-release systems for delivery (SRSDs) have been proposed as anti-OC therapeutics. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to determine which SRDS showed better antifungal results in in vivo models.Electronic literature searches were conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases, limited to January 1, 1989, to May 31, 2025. The MeSH terms (PubMed) utilized included drug delivery systems, phytochemicals, plant extracts, herbal medicines, phytometabolites, antifungal agents, azoles, nystatin, macrolides, Candida spp., oral candidiasis, oral candidosis, Candida albicans, and Candida glabrata. Articles were included whose experimental design was in vivo or ex vivo models and whose objective was to determine the efficacy of sustained release systems as an anti-Candida treatment.A total of 137 articles were retrieved and 125 were discarded because they did not match the principal objective of the study or did not meet the inclusion criteria. Twelve observational studies involving humans (adults aged 18 years) or animal models exposed to antifungal SRDSs were included. The most frequently used SRDSs were buccal mucoadhesive gel, mucoadhesive buccal tablets, and nanoparticles, while the most commonly used biomaterials were the bioadhesive polymers HPMC, NaCMC, carbopol 934, and sodium alginate. All antifungals incorporated in the SRDSs showed antifungal efficiency.Chitosan-coated bioadhesive polymers are the most promising options for treating OC.
- The interplay of sleep disorders and orofacial pain: a systematic review(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Colonques-SanmartÃn, Pascual; Margaix Muñoz, MarÃa; Bagán Debón, LeticiaChronic orofacial pain (OFP) and sleep disorders are highly prevalent conditions that significantly impact quality of life. Increasing evidence suggests a bidirectional relationship between these disorders, whereby sleep disturbances may exacerbate OFP and vice versa. This systematic review synthesizes current evidence on the influence of sleep disorders on chronic OFP and explores additional factors that may contribute to this interaction.A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines and registered the study with PROSPERO (CRD4202525111587). PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for relevant literature published between 2004 and March 2024. Randomized controlled trials, cross-sectional studies, case-control studies, and cohort studies examining the association between sleep disorders and OFP were included. Ten studies met the eligibility criteria.A consistent association was identified between chronic OFP and sleep disorders, particularly insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), with stronger correlations observed in women. Limited evidence also suggests that OFP severity may increase with age and that greater sleep disturbance correlates with more intense pain. Limitations: The paucity of high-quality studies specifically addressing the relationship between sleep disorders and chronic orofacial pain was a notable issue. Additionally, there was significant methodological heterogeneity among the included studies, especially regarding study design, diagnostic criteria, and assessment tools. The decision to include only studies focused on orofacial pain and to exclude other categories of pain-related diseases, such as temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD), introduced an additional challenge and resulted in a reduction of the number of selected studies.There is a strong connection between chronic orofacial pain (OFP) and sleep disorders, particularly insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Addressing sleep-related issues could be an effective complementary approach in managing OFP, especially in female patients. More research is necessary to clarify the underlying mechanisms and to develop targeted, interdisciplinary interventions.
- Prevalence of tooth sensitivity in patients not previously treated periodontally(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) MartÃnez-Alcaide, MarÃa Jesús; Marco Pitarch, RocÃo; Gil Loscos, Francisco; Almiñana Pastor, Pedro J.; Alpiste Illueca, Francisco M.; López Roldán, AndrésDentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a transient pain triggered by thermal, tactile, or osmotic stimuli, commonly linked to exposed dentinal tubules. Its relationship with untreated periodontal disease, however, remains underexplored.A retrospective epidemiological study was conducted at a specialized periodontics clinic and included 930 patients diagnosed with periodontal disease. Patients with a history of periodontal treatment, or other potential causes of DH, were excluded. Participants completed a questionnaire assessing habits and symptoms related to DH. Bivariate analyses and statistical tests were used to evaluate the associations between DH and clinical variables such as periodontitis stage, gingival recession, age, gender, toothbrush type, parafunctional habits, and smoking.DH prevalence was 84.8%, with cold being the most frequently reported stimulus (64.8%). DH increased with the severity of periodontitis, with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.23 for stage IV, grade B periodontitis. Gingival recession was strongly associated with a higher prevalence of DH (88.9% in patients with recession). Women and individuals under 35 reported greater DH. Bruxism and smoking were also contributing factors, particularly in response to sweet or pressure stimuli. The use of soft-bristled toothbrushes increased sensitivity, although not significantly.DH is highly prevalent in patients with untreated periodontitis and increases with the stage and grade of the disease. Gingival recession, bruxism, and smoking are major contributing factors. Women and younger patients are more susceptible to DH. These findings highlight the need for preventive strategies to manage DH in patients with advanced periodontitis.
- Evaluation of preventive methods used to interrupt the progression of early caries lesions(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Lima da Silva, Ana Paula; de Oliveira, Taynara Pereira; Nogueira, Ruchele Dias; Lepri, César-Penazzo; Oliveira, Maria-Angélica-Hueb-de Menezes; Palma Dibb, Regina G.; Geraldo-Martins, Vinicius-RangelThe objective was to evaluate the surface hardness of white spot lesions (WSL) treated with different caries prevention methods.The Knoop microhardness (µKH) of 50 bovine dental enamel fragments was evaluated. WSL were induced (pH cycling) in those fragments and, after µKH analysis, the specimens received the following treatments (n=10): G1- fluoride gel (NaF 2%), G2- fluoride varnish (NaF 5%), G3-brushing with CPP-ACP based dentifrice, G4- infiltrant resin (Icon-DMG) and G5-Er,Cr:YSGG laser (8.92 J/cm2, 0.5 W). A second cariogenic challenge was done after treatments, and surface microhardness was measured before and after treatments. The Knoop hardness (KHN) values obtained were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey´s test (=5%).After treatments, the KHN was similar to the baseline in all groups. After the second cariogenic challenge, it was observed that G1, G4 and G5 presented KHN similar to their baseline numbers, and in G2 and G3 the KHN was similar to the post-treatment numbers. In general, the recovery of enamel hardness after treatment was above 86%, whith fluoride gel, varnish and Icon achieving slightly better results than the CPP-ACP and Er,Cr:YSGG laser. The analysis of the acid resistance of WSL showed that in groups 1, 3 and 5 the loss of hardness was lower than that observed in G2 and G4.It was concluded that the treatments recovered the hardness of the demineralized enamel and that, despite the methods tested did not prevent demineralization of WSL, their effectiveness was greater than 85%.
- Accuracy of the london atlas and RP atlas in age estimation of southern brazilians(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Dogenski, LetÃcia-Copatti; Júnior, Ademir-Franco-do Rosário; Sartori, Vanessa; Trentin, Micheline-Sandini; Bervian, Juliane; Corazza, Pedro-Henrique; Bello, Yuri-Dall; Souza, Matheus Albino; Pimentel, Rodrigo; Dallepiane, Felipe-Gomes; Carli, João Paulo DeTo assess the accuracy of the London Atlas and RP Atlas methods estimating age and diagnosing adulthood in a Southern Brazilian population.A total of 1,099 panoramic radiographs from individuals aged 15.00-22.99 years were analyzed. The London Atlas and RP Atlas tools were used to estimate age based on the developmental stages of the upper and lower left third molars (teeth 28 and 38). Statistical analysis included Spearman's rank test, Bland-Altman plots, Lin's concordance coefficient, and ROC curves, with adulthood (>18 years) as the cutoff (p<0.05).Both methods showed high accuracy, with the London Atlas exhibiting lower mean errors. Errors increased with age and were higher in females. The best adulthood cutoff for the London Atlas was 18.5 years for tooth 28 (78.5% accuracy) and 19.5 years for tooth 38 (80.0% accuracy). For the RP Atlas, the cutoff was 17 years for both teeth (80.8% and 80.0% accuracy, respectively). Both methods were suitable for age estimation and adulthood diagnosis, with the London Atlas tending to overestimate age - an advantage in legal contexts requiring caution.Validating age estimation methods in specific populations enhance accuracy, preventing errors when applying methods developed for other populations and ensuring suitability for the local context. Research that applies these methods can provide a foundation for adjustments to the Atlases and their application in diverse subpopulations, and even serve as the basis for the establishment of an international data repository.
- Tiktok as a source of information on temporomandibular disorders: reliable health education or misinformation?(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Dias Pereira Calças, Maria Amália; Pinheiro de Souza, Caio Sberni; Andrade, Samira Guimarães; Spadon-Brito, Luiz Guilherme; Mélo, Alex-Moreira; Melchior, Melissa-de Oliveira; Mazzi Chaves, Jardel Francisco; Magri, LaÃs-ValenciseTemporomandibular disorders (TMD) are prevalent musculoskeletal conditions affecting the orofacial region, often requiring interdisciplinary management. Social media platforms, particularly TikTok, have become popular sources of health-related information. However, concerns persist regarding the reliability and educational value of user-generated content. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and educational value of TikTok videos on TMD and compare content characteristics across three categories of creators: general users, dental care professionals, and other healthcare professionals.A descriptive observational cross-sectional study was conducted, analyzing TikTok videos related to TMD using predefined inclusion criteria. A total of 98 videos were assessed based on three validated scoring systems: Video Content Score (VCS), Quality Criteria for Consumer Health Information (DISCERN), and Global Quality Score (GQS). Inter-rater reliability was established (Cohen's kappa 0.86). Statistical analyses, including the Kruskal-Walli's test and post-hoc Dunn's test, were performed to compare video characteristics and engagement metrics among content creator groups. It was also performed a quali-quantitative analysis of the scoring systems.The analyzed TikTok videos on TMD showed low educational quality (VCS = 2.0, GQS = 2.0, median) and poor to fair reliability (DISCERN = 33.0), highlighting their limited and incomplete information. Although no statistically significant differences were found among content creator groups (VCS: p = 0.453; DISCERN: p = 0.239; GQS: p = 0.341), videos by healthcare professionals tended to have higher quality scores, presenting more structured content aligned with scientific guidelines on TMD. The analyzed TikTok videos on TMD exhibit critical deficiencies, including inadequate assessment, classification, and discussion of etiology and risk factors. Low VCS, DISCERN, and GQS scores highlight the lack of evidence-based content, poor reliability, and limited educational value, reinforcing concerns about misinformation Despite TikTok's growing role in disseminating health-related information, the overall educational quality of TMD-related videos remains inadequate. While healthcare professionals tend to produce more structured content, the lack of significant differences across creator groups underscores a general deficiency in reliable, evidence-based information on the platform. These findings highlight the need for greater oversight, content validation, and expert-reviewed educational initiatives to improve the credibility of TMD-related information on social media.
- Evaluating pain, onset of action, duration, and anesthetic efficacy of conventional and buffered lidocaine in infiltration anesthesia: a comparative clinical study(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Hamad, Shehab Ahmed; Al-Dawoody, Alah-Dawood; Alraad, Ahmed; Ahmed, Osamah S.Buffered local anesthetics are proposed to alleviate injection pain, decrease onset time, and extend the duration of anesthesia. This research sought to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of buffered lidocaine compared to traditional lidocaine in patients having maxillary posterior teeth extraction due to chronic periapical lesions.This double-blind, prospective, randomized clinical trial involved 100 adult participants (ASA I or II), aged 18 to 60, who needed extraction of maxillary posterior teeth. Participants were randomly assigned into two equal groups: Group A was given standard 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 adrenaline; Group B was administered buffered 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine combined with 8.4% sodium bicarbonate. Standardized supraperiosteal infiltrative anesthesia was given. Discomfort from the injection was assessed with the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and the onset and duration of anesthesia were noted as well. All surgeries were carried out by a surgeon who was unaware of the study, and results evaluated by a second investigator also blinded to the details.Group B (buffered lidocaine) showed considerably reduced pain scores during injection (VAS 2.8 ± 0.7) in contrast to Group A (4.2 ± 0.9; p < 0.01). The initiation of anesthesia occurred notably quicker in Group B (2.3 minutes compared to 4.7 minutes; p < 0.01). The duration of anesthesia in Group B was notably greater (45.8 ± 7.6 minutes compared to 36.4 ± 8.2 minutes; p < 0.01). The requirement for reinjection was not notably different among the groups (p = 0.678).Buffered lidocaine offers better anesthetic efficacy than standard lidocaine regarding injection comfort, quicker onset, and extended duration, making it a more effective choice for dental extractions.
- Correlation between upper dental arch dimensions and vertical facial height in subjects with skeletal class i occlusion: a cephalometric analysis(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Al-Dawoody, Alah-Dawood; Hamad, Shehab AhmedThis study investigates the association between upper arch dimensions and vertical facial height in individuals with Class I skeletal occlusion. The aim was to identify correlations that may inform orthodontic treatment planning.A retrospective analysis was performed on 85 participants (43 females, 42 males) aged 18-25 years with Class I skeletal occlusion (ANB angle: 1-4°). Upper arch dimensions-intercanine width (ICW), interpremolar width (IPW), intermolar width (IMW), and arch length (AL)-were measured using digital dental models. Vertical facial height was assessed via digital cephalometric radiographs, including anterior facial height (AFH), posterior facial height (PFH), lower anterior facial height (LAFH), and the facial height ratio (FHR). Statistical analysis involved Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression.Significant positive correlations emerged between upper arch dimensions and vertical facial height. ICW correlated moderately with AFH (r = 0.61, p < 0.001) and LAFH (r = 0.57, p < 0.001). IPW showed a significant association with PFH (r = 0.70, p < 0.001), while IMW showed the strongest association with AFH (r = 0.73, p < 0.001). The connection between AL and FHR was moderate (r = 0.54, p<0.01). Males showed consistently higher correlations than females.There is a strong relationship between vertical face height and upper arch dimensions in Class I skeletal occlusion. These results highlight the clinical significance of evaluating vertical facial structure when planning an arch expansion or contraction treatment. Its potential as a predictor of vertical face growth pattern is shown by its substantial association with IMW, which may help with clinical decision-making.
- Long-term survival and quality of life analysis in head and neck cancer survivors: an observational, cross-sectional study(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Freitas Limas, Karisa Lorena; Barreto, Giulianna Aparecida Vieira; Sousa-Dantas, Thinali; Silva, Paulo-Goberlânio-de Barros; de Moura, José Fernando BastosHead and neck cancer is a public health problem, and its treatment involves surgery and/or radio/chemotherapy. These procedures reduce the quality of life. To analyze survival in patients with head and neck cancer and survivors, the quality of life over 10 years.An observational, cross-sectional, retrospective study was carried out on 460 medical records of patients diagnosed with head and neck cancer and treated at a referral hospital. Clinical pathological data were expressed in absolute and percentage frequencies, and the median survival time was calculated with their 95% confidence intervals using Kaplan-Meier curves. The curves were compared using the Log-Rank Mantel-Cox test and Cox regression. In survivors, we applied a quality of life (QoL) questionnaire where means and standard deviations of quality of life domains were calculated and compared using the Friedman/Dunn test and correlated with time after discharge using Spearman's correlation. Quality of life, classified as low or high with an average of 80 points, was associated with other clinical-pathological characteristics during the period of diagnosis using Pearson's chi-square test. All analyses performed adopted a 95% CI in the SPSS software. v20.0 for Windows.The medical records were analyzed; most of them were male, with a mean age of 61 years and a history of smoking and alcoholism. The most frequent staging was stage IV (T4, N2, M0). The most frequent location was the oropharynx, followed by the mouth. The median overall survival was 26.7 months (95% CI = 19.8-33.7). Of the 173 living patients, 41 (23.7%) responded to the questionnaire. Of the main problems related to QoL, swallowing (n = 10; 25.6%) was the most important, followed by chewing (n = 9; 28.1%) and saliva (n = 12; 42.9%). When QoL was associated with variables, it was observed that smoking (p = 0.014), alcoholism (p = 0.029), and time since discharge (p = 0.044) were associated with worse quality of life.Cancer treatment has numerous consequences for the quality of life of patients who have survived head and neck cancer. Further studies and differentiated plans are needed for the rehabilitation of these patients.
- Frequency TMJ disc displacements(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Savychuk, Nataliia O.; Pekhnyo, Vasil V.; Osnach, Roman G.Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders are characterized by alterations in joint structure and function, with disc displacement being one of the most prevalent pathological findings. The frequency, typology, and clinical correlates of these displacements, particularly with regard to intra-articular effusion, remain insufficiently explored.The retrospective study included 244 MRI examinations of patients with TMJ disorders. Imaging was performed using standardized protocols on 1.5 T MRI scanners. Disc position was classified according to established radiological criteria. The prevalence and distribution of various disc displacement types, as well as the presence and degree of joint effusion, were systematically evaluated Anterior disc displacement was identified in 9.84% (right) and 8.61% (left) TMJ of unilateral cases, and in 17.21% (right) and 16.80% (left) TMJ of bilateral cases. Partial anterior disc displacement was observed in 8.61-10.66% of unilateral cases and 15.16-15.57% of bilateral cases. Rotational displacements were found in 6.15-6.56% of unilateral cases and 12.70-13.11% of bilateral cases, while lateral/medial and posterior displacements ranged from 0.41% to 3.69%. A normal disc position was present in 20.90-22.95% of joints. Joint effusion was most often recorded in cases of anterior and partial anterior displacements, predominantly minimal (2.9-5.3%) or small (1.2-2.9%) in degree. In most cases of lateral, posterior, and rotational displacement, as well as with normal disc position, effusion was absent.Anterior disc displacement is the most prevalent TMJ pathology among symptomatic patients, with a frequency up to 17.2% in bilateral cases. Effusion is most closely associated with anterior and partial anterior displacements but is typically minimal or absent. These findings support a predominantly mechanical, rather than inflammatory, etiology for disc displacement in this patient population.
- Effect of calcium hypochlorite and sodium hypochlorite on postoperative pain in necrotic pulps: a randomized clinical trial(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Leal, Luciana Oliveira; Souza, Matheus Albino; Carli, João Paulo De; Corazza, Pedro-Henrique; Cecchin, Doglas; Bello, Yuri-DallThis randomized clinical trial evaluated postoperative pain and analgesic intake in patients with pulp necrosis and asymptomatic chronic apical periodontitis.Sixty-three patients were randomly assigned to two groups receiving root canal irrigation with either 2.5% calcium hypochlorite (Ca (OCl)2) or 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). Root canal preparation was performed using rotary instruments, and all canals were filled in a single visit. Postoperative pain was assessed using a 0-10 numerical rating scale at 24, 48, and 72 hours, and one-week post-treatment. Analgesic intake was also recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher's exact test.No significant differences in pain levels were observed between groups at 24 hours (p = 0.601) or other time points. Most patients (95.2%) reported no pain, 3.1% mild pain, and 1.5% severe pain. Analgesic intake was reported by only one patient.Calcium hypochlorite is a promising irrigant for endodontic treatment, showing comparable postoperative pain outcomes to sodium hypochlorite.
- Assessment of occult cervical metastases in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma: findings from a tertiary-level hospital study(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) López MartÃnez, Clara; González MartÃn-Moro, Javier; López-MartÃnez, Daniel; GarcÃa López-Chicharro, Alba; PampÃn MartÃnez, Marta MarÃa; Cebrián Carretero, José LuisCervical lymph node metastasis is the key prognostic factor in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), particularly in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC). Detecting occult metastases in clinically node-negative (cN0) necks remains challenging, as CT and PET-CT exhibit limited sensitivity and specificity. This study aimed to assess the incidence of occult cervical metastases in OCSCC patients, evaluate imaging accuracy, and identify associated histopathological factors.We retrospectively analyzed 43 OCSCC patients undergoing elective neck dissection (END) from 2017 - 2024 at a tertiary hospital. Data on clinical staging, imaging findings, histopathological characteristics (depth of invasion [DOI], lymphovascular invasion [LVI]) and tumor location, were collected. Statistical tests (t-tests, chi-square) were performed using R v3.6.1.Occult cervical metastases occurred in 23.26% of patients (10/43). CT sensitivity was 70.27%, specificity 82.86%; PET-CT showed 81.25% sensitivity and 71.43% specificity. Patients with occult metastases had a higher mean DOI (13.13 ± 10.39 mm) compared to those without (8.1 ± 5.85 mm), though this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.172). LVI was absent in the metastatic group but present in 9.09% of non-metastatic cases. Tumor location did not significantly correlate with occult metastases (p=0.801).Our findings confirm DOI as a crucial predictor of occult metastases in OCSCC, reinforcing the importance of END in high-risk patients. While PET-CT showed higher sensitivity than CT, both imaging modalities had limitations in detecting micrometastases. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to validate these findings and explore additional predictive factors, potentially integrating machine learning models for improved risk stratification.
- Shear Bond Strength and Enamel Effects of Bioactive Composite Attachments for Clear Aligners(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Sirichamratsakul, Thanachot; Khemaleelakul, Wikanda; Sirabanchongkran, SupassaraAttachments improve retention and facilitate complex tooth movement during clear aligner therapy. However, enamel demineralization and white spot lesions remain concerns, particularly in patients with poor oral hygiene. Fluoride-releasing materials help prevent white spot lesions, and bioactive composites, which release fluoride ions, show promise in preventing demineralization while maintaining strong mechanical properties. However, their application in clear aligner therapy remains underexplored. Therefore, this study investigated the shear bond strength (SBS) of three materials-Filtek Z350 XT Flowable (resin composite), Beautifil Injectable X (giomer), and Cention N (bioactive composite) used as attachments in clear aligner therapy under non-thermocycling (T0) and thermocycling (T1) conditions.A total of 120 intact maxillary first premolars were randomly divided into three groups according to the material, with each further subdivided into T0 and T1 subgroups. The thermocycling protocol involved 1,000 cycles between 5°C and 55°C to simulate intraoral aging. SBS was tested using a universal testing machine, and failure modes were analyzed with the adhesive remnant index (ARI).Cention N exhibited the highest SBS (29.783 ± 4.741 MPa), followed by Filtek Z350XT Flowable (23.834 ± 4.708 MPa), while Beautifil Injectable X had the lowest (15.332 ± 4.087 MPa). The SBS was slightly higher in the T0 subgroup than in the T1 subgroup, but the difference was not significant. ARI analysis showed that Cention N was more likely to cause cohesive enamel failure during attachment detachment.All three materials demonstrated adequate SBS for use as attachments in clear aligner therapy. However, material selection should consider both SBS and potential risks to enamel integrity. These findings provide valuable data for optimizing material choices in clear aligner therapy and highlight the need for further research to assess long-term performance.
- Trueness of Intraoral Scanners for Edentulous Mandibular Arches With and Without Landmarks(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Dessborn, Filip Rebelo; Braian, MichaelThe purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the trueness of three intraoral scanners (IOS) and to assess the impact of geometrical landmarks on the digitization of edentulous mandibular complete-arch casts using a standardized scanning protocol.A 3D-printed edentulous mandibular cast with five cylindrical landmarks was scanned using three IOS systems (Medit i700, Primescan AC and Trios 5) under two conditions: with and without geometrical landmarks (GL/NG). Each scanner performed 15 scans per condition. A coordinate measuring machine (CMM) provided reference values for cross-arch and inter-cylindrical distances. STL files were analyzed in GOM Inspect to calculate trueness and precision. Statistical evaluation included Shapiro-Wilk tests and paired t-tests ( = 0.05).Only the Medit i700 scanner showed significantly improved trueness with geometrical landmarks for both cross-arch (P = 0.0011) and inter-cylindrical (P = 0.0060) measurements. Primescan AC and Trios 5 scanners showed no significant differences between GL and NG conditions (P > 0.05). Visual analyses supported these findings, with Medit i700 benefiting from landmarks, while Primescan AC and Trios 5 maintained high trueness regardless of scanning strategy.The addition of geometrical landmarks improved scan trueness significantly for the Medit i700 scanner but had no measurable effect on Primescan AC or Trios 5. These findings suggest that the influence of auxiliary landmarks is scanner-dependent and should be considered when optimizing scanning protocols for edentulous arches.
- Influence of age and sex on platelet count: Implications for optimizing growth factor-rich plasma preparation(Medicina Oral S.L., 2025) Sánchez Pérez, Arturo J.; Palma-Sánchez, Ana; Jornet GarcÃa, Alfonso; Moya Villaescusa, MarÃa José; Montoya Carralero, José MªGrowth factor-rich plasma (GFRP) is a biomedical procedure used to promote tissue regeneration. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) contains higher-than-average platelet concentrations and includes platelet-derived growth factors. As an autologous blood derivative, it is widely used to enhance healing and tissue regeneration . In dentistry, GFRP accelerates soft tissue healing and bone regeneration in procedures such as complex extractions, bone grafts, cyst treatments, and to improve dental implant osseointegration. Objective: To assess the potential influence of age and sex on platelet count, with the aim of optimizing the standardization of therapies involving growth factors.A cross-sectional, observational, and comparative study was conducted, including a total of 384 patients. Participants were stratified into six groups based on age. From their medical records, the platelet counts obtained from analyses meeting the established inclusion criteria were recorded. Subsequently, the distribution of platelet levels was analyzed according to age groups and sex. Additionally, the potential correlation between platelet count and age was evaluated.The mean platelet count was higher in women (260.9 ± 65.9 x10³/µL) than in men (250.4 ± 62.0 x10³/µL), although the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.113). A statistically significant negative correlation was found between age and platelet count (r = -0.175; p < 0.01), indicating that platelet count decreases with age, although the correlation coefficient was low.Platelet count varies across the population; therefore, blood extraction for PRP preparation should be adjusted based on age group and sex.
