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Language Arxius de Ciències Socials. Num. 45. 2021
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- De la flexibilidad laboral a la jornada interminable. Teletrabajar en tiempos de confinamiento(2021) García Sainz, Cristina; Barreiro Rodríguez, María; Faz Pozuelo, SamiraLa modalidad de teletrabajo es el exponente actual más destacado del modelo de producción flexible. Su desarrollo provoca cambios, tanto en la propia organización de los tiempos de trabajo como en los ritmos domésticos. Durante el confinamiento, obligado por la Covid-19, el trabajo desde casa ha aumentado considerablemente, lo que ha tenido una especial repercusión para quienes tienen responsabilidades educativas y de cuidado de menores en edad escolar y preescolar. La implantación del teletrabajo es mayor en grupos profesionales bien situados en la escala laboral, aunque difiere según ocupación, vínculo contractual, antigüedad, edad, género y situación familiar, entre otras variables. Durante los meses críticos de la pandemia el teletrabajo ha visibilizado las transferencias de tiempo y de recursos que se producen entre la esfera laboral y la doméstica. En este artículo se analizan los efectos de estas interconexiones sobre los tiempos de trabajo.
- Introducción al monográfico: Sociología del tiempo: escenarios en la Covid-19(2021) García Sainz, Cristina; Callejo, Javier; Gabaldón Estevan, Daniel-
- Covid-19, brecha generacional y temporalidades contradictorias en la españa de la pandemia(2021) Garzón Guillén, LuisThis paper reflects on the contradictory effects brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic in present day Spain. Considering that certain aspects of generational conflict in Spain might be explained by the late arrival of Spain to modernity. Three competing temporalities are distinguished: 1) “Natural time”: is the time as lived by people who is presently older than 60 (born before 1970). This time is defined by seasons and vital cycles. 2) “Modern time”: it is the time of those aged 30 to 59 today (born from 1970 to 1989), marked by a socialisation in the years of “desarrollarismo” and the first years of democracy. People belonging to this group grew up and were socialized as “moderns”. 3) “Postmodern time”: people born after 1990 live in a world defined by high speed, where the only constant is change. The outbreak of the pandemic might be considered a paradigmatic social problem. In the first place, pandemic has impacted among the elderly, putting a question mark over the Spanish model of social provision for the elderly. Second, among adults the pandemic has meant the imposition of remote working, which clashes with the modern conception of scheduled working hours. Last but not least, for young people the pandemic causes a break in the lives of people used to high speed living. The paper analyses the differential effect of the pandemic among the different generations and reflects on its likely long-term effects.
- El tiempo y las pandemias: reflexiones sobre la crisis del tiempo(2021) Araújo, Emília; Castañeda Rentería, Liliana IbethThis article aims to reflect on the relevance of some seminal concepts of the sociology of time to understand the main effects of the COVID 19 pandemic on social rhythms and the reconfiguration of patterns of time use and valuation: structure, suspension, arrhythmia and emergence. In addition, and following the reflective line of argument, supported by some empirical data on the situation in Portugal and Mexico, the text leaves some indications on the interest of public entities to adopt time policies consistent with the transformations triggered by the pandemic and by the intense digitalization in the architecture of social time.
- Limitaciones y efectos de la implementación de la educación a distancia en españa durante la pandemia de la covid 19(2021) Vela, SilviaThe widespread close down imposed on the Spanish population as a result of the Covid-19 health crisis has had radical consequences especially for children and youth who have seen their daily lives completely disrupted. For many weeks, social contact was confined to family life in the home, occasional online interaction with extended family and friends, and access to educational and extracurricular activities which had been made available online with greater or lesser success. It will take time for the consequences of this confinement for the lives of children and youth to emerge, and especially for the educational differences engendered by the transition to online teaching. The crisis caused a sudden change from face-to-face teaching to distance education for all levels – preschool, compulsory and higher education, with no or little training or provision of resources. Many students were cut off due to the digital divide associated either to unequal access to technology, generally due to economic and infrastructure issues such as internet connection, data or equipment limitations, but also due to the family’s low level of cultural capital (little or no digital literacy) or lack of effective support at home or from the school. This paper offers a first examination and discussion of the three types of digital divide (economic, cultural and institutional) in relation to the Spanish case and the context of school closures during the Covid-19 pandemic, and a preliminary review of the available evidence especially related to the most vulnerable groups
- ¿La revolución estancada en el siglo de las mujeres? El confinamiento como laboratorio(2021) Aguado Bloise, EmparThe pandemic situation experienced worldwide prompted the approval of measures by different countries in order to face the fight against COVID-19. The Spanish State was one of the states that suffered the most from this impact and that led to the decree of the state of confinement of citizens through the approval of Royal Decree Law 8/2020. The old problem of reconciling work and family life (Torns, 2005) became an urgent need as the health crisis became outright and the educational centers were closed. The passage of weeks without the possibility of providing resources that usually assist families, as a result of the measures imposed by COVID-19, led to the worsening of the care crisis experienced by our society. This scenario encouraged us to initiate an investigation whose samples would be taken during the confinement period and whose objective would be to observe the impact and difficulties faced by women with family responsibilities who experienced this stage, having to reconcile said care provision needs with your workday. Evidence shows how the sexual division of labor in the private domestic sphere and a differential use of gendered time is still very present in the daily practices of young couples, even in those who recognize themselves as egalitarian.
- Construcció identitària i política esportiva en la pilota valenciana(2021) Durba Carbo, Víctor; Martos-García, DanielValencian ball is one of the traditional activities of Valencian society. The aim of this article is to study this society in the light of what has happened to this practice in relation to history, sports politics and identity. The empirical basis of the article is constituted, mainly, by internal sources through in-depth interviews to the different agents involved: players, coaches, fans and businessmen. These data have been related to essayist bibliography. The results identify the conditions that exist in the Valencian context with respect to the identity that has been constructed throughout history in the territory. Secondly, we analyse the causes of the sports policy carried out by Valencian institutions and, finally, we draw conclusions about the consequences of these political decisions.
- El cambio en la visión del futuro, en medio de la Covid-19(2021) Callejo, Javier; Ramos Torre, RamónThe Future isn’t what it used to be, said Paul Valéry. So he realized a rupture in the social perception of the future, which undoubtedly pointed to the deep changes that society itself was undergoing. We start from the same opinion: the relationship between temporary and social change is always circular; the social changes are projected on the temporary ones and the temporary ones on the social ones. In the present work, we probe the possibility of this change in the social perception of the future in Spain, a change that has as a scenario and, above all, as a possible causal framework the global crisis of early 2020, a product of the COVID-19 pandemic. To this goal, we rely on the results of a survey with a standardized questionnaire applied by telephone to a representative sample of the Spanish population over 18 years of age. The fieldwork was developped in the 2020 spring, when citizens were facing the traumatic experience of the mandatory confinement decreted by the Government in order to fight against the pandemic.
- Les petjades dels sabers femenins a l’alta cuina. Un procés latent de desplaçament i apropiació(2021) González, AinoaL’alta cuina i els sabers culinaris dels xefs són elements cada vegada més valorats en la nostra societat. En aquest àmbit la cuina es presenta allunyada del seu sentit domèstic, i pren uns trets concrets: es tracta d’un espai masculinitzat, de distinció, prestigi i reconeixement entre iguals, un espai de professionalitat i d’oci, l’accés al qual i el seu consum són limitats. El saber culinari de la haute cuisine es presenta com a coneixement expert i, aparentment, allunyat del savoir-faire de les dones a les llars. L’estudi, a través d’una metodologia qualitativa, rastreja les fonts, el bagatge i la forma de transmissió dels sabers culinaris dels xefs de l’alta cuina de la Marina Alta (País Valencià). L’anàlisi evidència l’existència de genealogies culinàries domèstiques-femenines sota el pertret dels xefs, així com un procés d’apropiació i desplaçament de sabers domèstics, on queden relegats a un segon pla, invisibilitzats i, en alguns casos, reconeguts de forma simbòlica.
- El impacto de género del teletrabajo confinado en los usos del tiempo(2021) Moreno Colom, Sara; Borràs Català, Vicent; Arboix Caldentey, Paula; Ribera, MireiaEl artículo analiza el impacto de género del teletrabajo sobre los usos y la distribución del tiempo en una situación de confinamiento que acentúa el carácter simultáneo de la cotidianeidad. El contexto de la pandemia supone un aumento considerable de dicha modalidad entre una parte de la población empleada. El hecho de trabajar a distancia desde casa introduce cambios con relación al tiempo dedicado al trabajo remunerado, doméstico y de cuidados. Para profundizar sobre esta cuestión, se presenta una aproximación cualitativa basada en la realización de entrevistas en profundidad a 24 perfiles sociológicos definidos según las variables: género, ciclo de vida, categoría laboral y modalidad de teletrabajo. Los resultados permiten captar y explicar distintas rutinas de confinamiento, así como las lógicas temporales que las presiden. Como conclusión, se subraya la persistencia de las relaciones de género anteriores a la pandemia en los usos y la distribución del tiempo, si bien el ciclo de vida y la categoría laboral introducen matices en el análisis de los cambios y las continuidades.
