The Standard Model of Fundamental Interactions (SM) represents one of the most precise theories in physics. Among the predictions of the SM we find, for instance, the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron a_e = 0.001159652181643(764). This prediction agrees with the experimental results to more than ten significant digits, the most accurate prediction in the history of physics. However, nowadays we have several evidences that the SM only explains 5% of the matter content of the Universe. The other 95% are composed by the so-called Dark Energy and Dark Matter. As their names suggest, the nature of these two components of the energy/matter content of the Universe is still unclear and represents one of the most important challenges for the particle physicists. In this Thesis we have focused in the study of the phenomenology of one of these mysterious components of the Universe, the Dark Matter. Although we have many evidences of its existence, this new type of matter has not been detected yet. As a consequence, the landscape of the models that can explain the Dark Matter properties is huge. In the present work we propose and study several Dark Matter models, setting limits by using experimental results. This Thesis is organized in three parts: introduction (Part I), scientific research (Part II) and Summary (Part III). First, in Part I we provide an overview of the current status of the Dark Matter physics: Chapter 1 explains the fundamental properties of the Standard Model, showing its different open problems. In Chapter 2 we review the standard cosmological model ΛCDM. Chapter 3 summarizes the fundamental properties and evidences of Dark Matter. Chapter 4 deals with the tools needed to understand the thermal evolution of cold relics, which plays a central role in this Thesis. In Chapter 5 we review the Dark Matter experimental landscape, focusing in Direct Detection and Indirect Detection. Chapter 6 discusses the fundamental tools to understand extra-dimensional models. To conclude, in Chapter 7 we summarize the most important results of the publications that compose this Thesis. In Part II a complete collection of the papers that make up this Thesis is presented. This collection consists, in total, of 4 papers. They address the study of different models that try to explain the current abundance of dark matter. In the first paper, a deep study is carried out on Indirect Detection in the “Sterile neutrino portal” model, which tries to solve the problem of neutrino mass and Dark Matter at the same time. The following three publications study the possibility that Dark Matter only interacts gravitationally. Generating the current abundance of Dark Matter under this assumption is not an easy task, for this reason we have explored different models of extra-dimensions, which are explained in detail in this collection of papers. Finally, Part III consists of a summary of the Thesis in Spanish. This summary is made up of two parts: the first part explains in a general way the characteristics, evidence, etc. of Dark Matter, while the second part summarizes the papers that make up this Thesis.
