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Language Medicina oral, patología oral y cirugía bucal. Ed inglesa. 2021. Vol. 26, no. 5
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- Gray value measurement for the evaluation of local alveolar bone density around impacted maxillary canine teeth using cone beam computed tomography(2021) Köseoglu Seçgin, Cansu; Karshoglu, Hazal; Özemre, Mehmet Özgür; Orhan, Büyük-KaanTo investigate whether any relationship between local alveolar bone density and maxillary canine impaction using gray values from cone beam computed tomography. The cone beam computed tomography images of 151 patients were retrospectively evaluated. Maxillary canine was defined as an impacted tooth when root formation was complete and the patient?s age older than 13 or the other side of the maxillary canine has completely erupted. Similarly, complete eruption was defined as the tooth in its expected occlusion and position. Using the cone beam computed tomography software, the region of interest which was 5 mm2 in area, was placed in the trabecular bone on cross sectional cone beam computed tomography images and the gray value measurements were recorded. After measuring the gray values of all the teeth, the images were grouped according to the field of view size. Comparison of the gray values of impacted and non-impacted teeth was made between images with the same field of view size. A total of 151 patients, 101 (66.9%) female and 50 (33.1%) male, were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 24.94 ±13.9. In images with a 40X40 field of view, the gray values of the impacted canine teeth were higher than the gray values of the non-impacted ones and statistically significant difference was found between them (p=0.003). However no statistically significant difference was found between the gray values of impacted and non-impacted canine teeth in 60x60 and 100x50 field of view (p=0.197, p=0.170, respectively). We suggest using the smallest field of view size when evaluating bone density using gray values from cone beam computed tomography images and we support the idea that the local increased bone density may influence on impaction.
- Clinicopathologic features of nasopalatine duct cysts:a retrospective study in two Brazilian oral and maxillofacial pathology referral centers(2021) Cavalcante, Israel Leal; Barros, Caio-César-da Silva; Cunha, John Lennon Silva; Cruz, Vitória Maria Sousa; Pedrosa, Gabriele Alves; Santos, Amanda de Jesus; Turatti, Eveline; Albuquerque-Júnior, Ricardo-Luiz-Cavalcanti; Cavalcante, Roberta BarrosoNasopalatine duct cyst (NDC) is the most common non-odontogenic cyst in the oral cavity. Clinically it is not difficult to suspect these lesions based on clinical and radiographic appearance. However, the histopathological diagnosis may be difficult due to the broad morphological diversity of these lesions. The objective was to analyze the clinicopathological features of NDCs diagnosed in two oral and maxillofacial pathology services in the Brazilian northeast. A retrospective clinicopathologic study was performed. A total of 18,121 clinical records of oral lesions from two oral and maxillofacial pathology services in Brazil were analyzed (2000-2020). All NDCs cases were revised and demographic, clinical, radiographic, and histopathological data were collected. Among 18,121 diagnoses in the oral pathology services, 45 (0.2%) were NDCs. The series comprises 24 males (53.3%) and 21 females (46.7%), with a mean age of 43.2 years-old. Most lesions were asymptomatic (n = 27, 60%) with an mean size of 2.1 cm. Microscopically, the non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium was the most common (66.7%). However, in 88.9% of cases, the epithelial lining was varied and composed of two or more types of epithelium. There was no significant association between the type of epithelium and the size of the cysts (p = 0.389). Nerve, blood vessels, hemorrhage, and chronic inflammatory infiltrate were commonly observed. In contrast, there was a low frequency of mucous glands, sebaceous glands, cholesterol clefts, and multinucleated giant cells. The clinical, radiographic, and microscopic findings observed in this study are similar to those reported in the literature. Due to the morphological diversity of NDC, it is needed to correlate its histopathological features with the clinical and radiographic findings to establish a correct diagnosis.
- Preliminary study of the Craniofacial Pain and Disability Inventory-11:validation for patients with head and neck cancer(2021) Serrano-García, Beatriz; Bartrina-Rodríguez, Isabel; Zubeldia-Varela, José Manuel; Cebrián Carretero, José Luis; Castillo Pardo de Vera, José Luis del; Pardo Montero, Joaquín; Gil Martínez, AlfonsoCancer involves numerous physical, psychological and emotional changes and has a negative impact on patients. Although there are a wide variety of questionnaires for general use in patients with cancer, very few are available that assess the pain, disability and craniomandibular functionality of patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) in a more specific manner. The purpose of this study is to present the preliminary behavior of the CF-PDI in its reduced version adapted for patients with HNC. A total of 61 patients with HNC were included in a study to preliminarily analyze the internal consistency of the instrument, the convergent validity and the floor and ceiling effects. All the patients completed the informed consent document and a battery of 5 questionnaires: The Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia for Temporomandibular Disorders (TSK-TMD), the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), the Quality of Life Questionnaire in patients with HNC (QLQ-HN) and the reduced version of the Craniofacial Pain and Disability Inventory (CF-PDI-11). Patients also performed 2 physical tests: measurements of the pain threshold on the masseter muscle and on the distal phalanx of the first finger; and the maximum mouth opening in neutral head position. Cronbach's ? coefficient showed a very high internal consistency of 0.92. In terms of convergent validity, a statistically significant correlation was found between the CF-PDI-11 and the following variables: NRS, TSK-TMD, PCS, QLQ-HN, the threshold of pain in the distal phalanx of the first finger and the maximum interincisal opening. However, 21.3% of patients obtained the lowest possible score. The strongest correlation was found between the CF-PDI-11 and the QLQ-HN (r = 0.85, p <0.01). The preliminary version of the CF-PDI-11 shows that it could be a valid and reliable instrument to measure pain, disability and quality of life in patients with HNC.
- Preemptive analgesia in dental implant surgery:a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials(2021) Pereira, Gustavo-Mattos; Martins Mussi, Maria Carolina; Esteves Lima, Rafael Paschoal; Alvarenga-Brant, Rachel; Cota, Luis O.M.; Costa, Fernando-OliveiraTo assess the effectiveness of preemptive analgesia in dental implant surgery in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The present study was conducted in accordance with the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and registered in PROSPERO database CRD42020168757. A search without restrictions regarding language or date of publication was conducted in six databases and gray literature. A random effect meta-analysis compared the efficacy of preemptive analgesia compared to placebo through pooled OR and 95%CI. The interpretation of results followed the certainty of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach together with the magnitude of the effect according to GRADE guidelines. Four studies were included in the review and three were incorporated into the meta-analysis. All studies demonstrated that preemptive analgesia contributed to a significant improvement in the postoperative pain control. However, the overall pooled standard mean difference (SMD) showed that preemptive analgesia had small effects compared to placebo in reducing pain (SMD: -0.45; IC: -0.83; -0.08) with low certainty of the evidence. Our meta-analysis showed that the magnitude of the effect was bigger six to eight hours after the surgery (large effect), compared to the time of one to two hours after the surgery (small effect). Preemptive analgesia may have a positive effect in reducing pain compared to not using preemptive medication, but the evidence is very uncertain.
- Sublingual gland neoplasms:clinicopathological study of 8 cases(2021) Gontarz, Michal; Urbanska-Gasiorowska, Marta; Bargiel, Jakub; Gasiorowski, Krzysztof; Marecik, Tomasz; Szczurowski, Pawel; Zapala, Jan; Wyszynska-Pawelec, GrazynaSublingual gland neoplasms are very rare and the majority of them are malignant. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical course, treatment, and outcomes of these uncommon neoplasms based on the authors? experience and the recent literature. The medical charts of 8 patients with primary epithelial sublingual gland tumors treated between 1994 and 2020 were reviewed. Malignant tumors comprised 75% (6/8) of cases. Adenoid cystic carcinoma was the most common (50%, 3/6) and characterized by high risk of local recurrence and lung metastasis. Pleomorphic adenoma was the only representative of benign tumors with no evidence of local recurrence in follow up. Treatment of choice of sublingual gland tumors is surgery. However, due to the fact that adenoid cystic carcinoma is the most common malignancy with poor prognosis, surgical treatment should be combined with postoperative radiotherapy. Benign sublingual tumors are less common and treatment of choice in these cases is tumor resection together with sublingual gland.
- Effect of bone loss on the fracture resistance of narrow dental implants after implantoplasty. An in vitro study(2021) Leitão-Almeida, Bruno; Camps Font, Octavi; Correia, André; Mir Mari, Javier; Figueiredo, Rui; Valmaseda Castellón, E.Implantoplasty (IP) involves polishing of the exposed surface of implants affected by peri-implantitis (PI). A study was made to determine whether the degree of bone loss influences the fracture resistance of implants with or without IP. An in vitro study was carried out on 32 narrow (3.5 mm) dental implants with a rough surface and external hexagonal connection. Implantoplasty was performed in half of the implants of the sample. Both the IP and control implants were divided into two subgroups according to the amount of bone loss (3 mm or 7.5 mm). Standardized radiographic assessment of implant width was performed using specific software. The main outcome variable was the maximum compression force (Fmax) of implants when subjected to static resistance to fracture tests. Implant fractures were subsequently analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. A descriptive and bivariate analysis of the data was performed. Significant changes in implant width were observed after IP (p<0.05). No significant differences between IP and control implants were recorded in terms of the Fmax values in the two bone loss subgroups (3 mm: control 854.37N 195.08 vs. IP 752.12N 186.13; p=0.302, and 7.5 mm: control 548.82N 80.02 vs. IP 593.69N 111.07; p=0.370). Greater bone loss was associated to a decrease in Fmax, which proved significant for the control implants (p=0.001). Fractures were more frequently located in the platform (n=13). Implants with more apical bone levels appear to be more susceptible to fracture. On the other hand, IP does not seem to significantly decrease the fracture resistance of narrow (3.5 mm) platform dental implants with external hexagonal connections. The fact that most fractures occur in the platform area indicates that the latter is exposed to more mechanical stress.
- Erythritol-enriched powder and oral biofilm regrowth on dental implants:an in vitro study(2021) Amate-Fernández, Patricia; Figueiredo, Rui; Blanc, Vanessa; Àlvarez, Gerard; León, Rubén; Valmaseda Castellón, E.Peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis are the main biological complications associated with dental implants. Since most authors agree that bacteria play a major etiological role, the main aims of this study were to determine if a formulation of erythritol and chlorhexidine applied with an air polishing system inhibits biofilm regrowth over dental implants and to compare the decontamination capacity of this therapy with that of mechanical removal by saline and gauze. A multispecies biofilm (P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans, F. nucleatum, A. naeslundii, V. parvula and S. oralis) was grown for 14 days on 52 dental implants in an artificial mouth. These implants were divided into three groups according to the applied treatment: 14 negative control (CON), 19 erythritol-chlorhexidine (ERY) and 19 gauze with saline (GAU) samples. Twelve dental implants from the ERY and GAU groups and 8 implants from the CON group were re-incubated for 7 additional days after treatment. The bacterial count was performed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) using propidium monoazide (PMA). A descriptive and bivariate analysis of the data was performed. The erythritol and chlorhexidine formulation significantly inhibited biofilm regrowth in comparison with the mechanical treatment (GAU), since a significant decrease in all the species was observed in the ERY group (except for Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans). The antibiofilm and antibacterial capacity of the two active treatment groups (ERY and GAU) was similar for a 14 days multispecies in vitro biofilm, except for the lower count of A. naeslundii in the GAU group. The use of erythritol powder with chlorhexidine applied with an air polishing system reduces biofilm regrowth over dental implants when compared with mechanical removal by saline and gauze. This effect might be beneficial for patients included in peri-implant maintenance programs.
- Incidence rate of metastases in the oral cavity:a review of all metastatic lesions in the oral cavity(2021) Oliver-Puigdomènech, Clàudia; González Navarro, Beatriz; Polis Yanes, Carlos; Estrugo Devesa, Albert; Jané Salas, Enric; López López, JoséMetastases in the oral cavity are rare and account for only 1 to 3% of all malignant lesions in this area. The primary location from which most metastases have been described in the oral cavity in adult patients include lungs, breasts, kidneys and colon. A systematic search of the literature was carried out following the PRISMA statement in PubMed database. Clinical trials and case series published in the last 10 years [2010-2020] were eligible to be selected. The headings and keywords used in the searches were ?cancer? AND ?oral metastases?, ?incidence? AND ?oral metastases?, ?oral metastases? AND ?jaw bone?, ?oral metastases? AND ?soft tissue?. For the study of the incidence of metastases in the oral cavity, 9 reports of clinical trials and 7 retrospective studies of case series have been included in this article. The primary locations from which more metastases have been described in the oral cavity are lungs (30.6% or 183 cases), breasts (22.2% or 133 cases), liver (15.5% or 93 cases), prostate (9 % or 54 cases), thyroid glands (8.1% or 49 cases), kidneys (7.3% or 44 cases), skin (2.3% or 14 cases), soft tissues (2% or 12 cases), colon (2% or 12 cases) and gastrointestinal (0.6% or 4 cases). These metastases have a predilection for hard tissues. The clinical presentation of these lesions varies from painless granulomatous lesions to lytic areas in the jaws. Although metastases in the oral cavity is an uncommon pathology, early diagnosis is needed so that in the event that it is the first manifestation, it allows the primary tumor to be diagnosed as soon as possible.
- Juvenile ossifying fibroma of the maxillofacial region:analysis of clinico-pathological features and management(2021) Titinchi, FadiThe diagnosis and management of juvenile ossifying fibroma (JOF) remains a highly debated topic with paucity of studies with long-term follow-up, hence the aim of this study was to report on the clinico-pathological features and management of these neoplasms. A retrospective analysis was performed on all histopathologically confirmed JOF presenting at two tertiary hospitals in Cape Town, South Africa over a period of 39 years. Clinical, demographic, histopathological and radiological features were analyzed. Surgical methods were documented and a minimum post-operative follow-up of 12 months was a prerequisite. Seventeen patients met the inclusion criteria and were included in this study. Overall, the ages of patients ranged from 3?31 years (mean= 13 years) with male to female ratio of 1.8:1. The ages of patients diagnosed with Trabecular JOF were significantly younger than patients with Psammomatoid JOF (P = 0.01). The majority of patients presented with marked swelling (88.2%). Interestingly, most neoplasms occurred in the mandible (76.5%) with all Psammomatoid JOF uncharacteristically occurring in the mandible. There was only one case of Trabecular JOF occurring in the sinonasal area. Most neoplasms appeared as unilocular (76.5%) and well-defined (82.4%) with mixed radio-density (70.6%) on radiographs and computed tomography. Curettage with peripheral ostectomy was shown to be the least invasive method with an accepTable recurrence rate (10%). Six lesions underwent resection without any recurrences however caused high morbidity to these young patients. The high number of lesions occurring in the mandible for both variants of JOF demonstrates that site should not be a major determining factor in the diagnosis of JOF. Moreover, curettage with peripheral ostectomy should be used as the first line of management to minimize morbidity to the patient and that resection should be reserved for large and recurrent lesions.
- Relationship between volume of submandibular salivary stones in vivo determined with Cone-Beam Computer Tomography and in vitro with micro-Computer Tomography(2021) Kraaij, Saskia; Brand, Henk S.; van der Meij, Erik H.; de Visscher, Jan-GamSuccessful removal of salivary stones depends on exact pretreatment information of the location, the size and shape of the stones. This study aimed to compare the volume of submandibular sialoliths determined by preoperative Cone-Beam Computer Tomography (CBCT) scans with the volume of the removed stones on micro-Computer Tomography (micro-CT) scans. In this study, using twenty-one submandibular sialoliths, the pretreatment volumes in-vivo measured on CBCT were compared to the volumes of removed stones determined by micro-CT scans. The volume measured on micro-CT scans served as the gold standard. Pre-operative CBCT?s and in-vitro micro-CT?s were converted into standard tessellation language models (STL-models) using an image segmentation software package. The CBCT and micro-CT images of the stones were subsequently metrologically assessed and compared to each other using reverse engineering software. Volumes of submandibular sialoliths determined by CBCT?s correlated significantly with volumes measured on micro-CT?s (Spearman?s coefficient r = 0.916). The interquartile range (IQR) for the volume measured with micro-CT was 117.23. The median is 26.41. For the volume measured with CBCT the IQR was 141.3 and the median 36.61. The average volume on micro-CT is smaller than on CBCT. When using CBCT-scans for the detection of submandibular sialoliths one should realize that in-vivo those stones are actually a fraction smaller than assessed on the preoperative scan. This is important when cut-off values of sizes of stones are used in the pretreatment planning of stone removal.
- Expression of clec9a in the oral cancer microenvironment. A preliminary immunohistochemical pilot study(2021) Peña Cardelles, Juan Francisco; Pozo Kreilinger, Jose Juan; Roncador, Giovanna; Esteban Hernández, Jesús; Cebrián Carretero, José Luis; Moro Rodríguez, José ErnestoThe search for treatments to improve cancer survival has led to the emergence of immunotherapy and the study of the tumour microenvironment existing in neoplasms. This preliminary study aims to understand the clinical and pathological relationship of clec9a expression in oral cancer and to explore survival models for future studies. Material and methods: Immunohistochemical study that included 26 patients with a diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in mobile tongue and floor of the mouth. Clinical and histopathological variables were recorded, and the biomarkers clec9a for dendritic cells and CD8 and CD4 for lymphocytes were used. Clec9a was expressed in 58% of the sample. It was more common in cases with low lymphoplasmacytic infiltration and in type 2 invasion patterns. It was significantly related to CD8 expression (p=0.055 and p=0.007). No prognostic risks were evident in the survival models studied (overall survival, disease-specific survival, disease-free survival). CLEC9A expression is present in the OSCC microenvironment and is mainly related to the presence of CD8 lymphocytes. The relationship of its expression with survival prognosis in OSCC could not be confirmed; however, this needs to be confirmed through future studies with larger sample size.
- Oral complaints in patients with acute myeloid leukemia treated with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(2021) Wysocka-Slowik, Aleksandra; Gil, Lidia; Slebioda, Zuzanna; Dorocka Bobkowska, BarbaraAcute myeloid leukemia belongs to proliferative diseases of the hematopoietic system. It is currently the leading indication for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. This study was designed to determine the most common subjective oral mucosa complaints in patients with acute myeloid leukemia after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, in relation to the type of conditioning used. Eighty patients diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia were assigned to two groups depending on the intensity of the conditioning regimen before transplantation: myeloablative and reduced-intensity chemotherapy. The oral symptoms were evaluated based on an authorial questionnaire designed for this analysis. The following oral mucosa subjective complaints were included: pain, paraesthesia, burning mouth sensation, taste disorders, excessive salivation, halitosis, and dryness of the oral mucosa. The most commonly reported subjective oral complaint in the examined patients was xerostomia, which was found in 92% of patients during the second visit, followed by spontaneous pain in the mouth (55%), burning (36%), and dysgeusia (20%). It occurred significantly more frequently in patients who underwent myeloablative conditioning. Moreover, it was observed that the frequency of complaints increased considerably after the transplantation, reaching a peak intensity during the second week following the procedure. Oral complaints significantly decrease the patients' quality of life during the transplantation and may lead to premature termination of the treatment. As the number of transplantations in patients with acute myeloid leukemia increases, further investigations of oral complaints and symptoms induced by the disease itself and by the therapeutic approaches are required.
- Frailty and risk of complications in head and neck oncologic surgery. Systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis(2021) Mendes, Mário-Luis-Tavares; Mahl, Claudiane; Carvalho, Aline Carla Araújo; Santos, Victor Santana; Tanajura, Diego Moura; Martins Filho, Paulo R.There is emerging evidence that frail individuals present a decreased physiological reserve, decreased ability to maintain homeostasis, and increased vulnerability to stressors. The concept of frailty has become increasingly recognized as a valuable measure in oncological surgical patients, including those with head and neck cancer. Preoperative screening for frailty may provide an individualized risk assessment that can be used by an interdisciplinary team for preoperative counseling and to improve outcomes. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the relationship between frailty and the risk of major postoperative complications in frail individuals submitted to head and neck oncologic surgery. PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Google Scholar and OpenThesis were systematically searched to identify studies that evaluated the risk of major postoperative complications in frail individuals undergoing head and neck oncologic surgery. The search was performed on August 31, 2020, without language or date restrictions. Two independent investigators screened the searched studies based on each paper?s title and abstract. Relevant studies were read in full and selected according to the eligibility criteria. Frailty was assessed by modified Frailty Index (mFI-11) and major postoperative complications were measured by the Clavien-Dindo classification. We performed a categorical and dose-response meta-analysis using a random-effects model to evaluate the association between frailty and the risk of major postoperative complications in patients submitted to head and neck oncologic surgery. The results of the meta-analysis were expressed as relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Four studies (9,947 patients) were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Frail patients presented an increased risk of life-threatening complications requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission (RR = 4.67; 95% CI 1.54?14.10) and 30-day mortality (RR = 8.10; 95% CI 2.30?28.57) compared to non-frail patients. We found evidence of dose-response trend between mFI-11 and major postoperative complications. Higher frailty scores are associated with a significant increase in ICU-level complications and 30-day mortality after head and neck oncologic surgery.
- Oral Health-related quality of life after coronectomy for impacted mandibular third molar in the first postoperative week(2021) Tuk, Jacco G; Yohannes, Lily E; Ho, Jean-Pierre T.F; Lindeboom, Jerome ACoronectomy of a mandibular impacted third molar is a surgical treatment to minimize the risk for inferior alveolar nerve damage. We aimed to determine whether this procedure affected the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) within the first postoperative week. This prospective study included 50 patients that underwent a coronectomy for an impacted mandibular third molar. The patients completed the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire and questions about pain and analgesic intake on every day during the first postoperative week. Mean OHIP-14 scores were highest during the first three postoperative days; the highest mean score (26.40, SD: 8.67) was observed on the first postoperative day. Mean OHIP scores gradually declined during the first postoperative week, and the mean OHIP-14 score was 9.82 (SD: 9.15) on the seventh day. Physical pain was the highest contributor to the overall OHIP-14 score. Pain gradually declined with time; the lowest mean pain score (3.38, SD: 2.2) was observed on the seventh day. OHIP-14 and pain scores were not significantly different between sexes or between different grades of impaction. OHIP-14 scores were positively correlated with pain scores. A mandibular third molar coronectomy had a strong effect on patient OHRQoL, particularly during the first three postoperative days.
- Evaluation of the xerostomia, taste and smell impairments after Covid-19(2021) Omezli, M. Melih; Torul, DamlaThe purpose of this study was to explore the effects of coronavirus disease 19 (Covid-19) on the oral cavity by evaluating the oral findings in the patients who recovered after treatment. This study involved confirmed Covid-19 patients whose treatment completed at least two weeks ago. A questionnaire consist of eight parts was applied to explore the oral findings after Covid-19. Also stimulated salivary flow rate was evaluated with a salivary flow test. 177 patients reached and 107 of them participate in the study. Regarding gender significant differences were found in terms of the presence of taste impairment after treatment (p=0.007), the degree of taste (p=0.021) and smell (p=0.010) impairment. 18 % (5/27) of the patients evaluated were showed hyposalivation. No significant differences were observed regarding salivary flow between males (mean±SD: 1.14±0.65) and females (mean±SD: 1.12±0.43), (p=0.928); among the patients having treatment at home (mean±SD: 1.03±0.48) or hospital (mean±SD: 1.33±0.65), (p=0.187). In some of the patients? taste [15], smell [23] impairment, and xerostomia [43] still observed at least two weeks after the treatment is completed. The most frequent finding in patients after the treatment was xerostomia. Taste and smell impairments were more frequently observed in females.
- Non-specific oral and cutaneous manifestations of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in children(2021) Bardellini, Elena; Bondioni, Maria Pia; Amadori, Francesca; Veneri, Federica; Lougaris, Vassilios; Meini, Antonella; Plebani, Alessandro; Majorana, AlessandraCoronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) seems to affect children only marginally, as a result, there is less knowledge of its manifestations in childhood. The purpose of this retrospective cross-sectional study was to investigate the oral and cutaneous manifestations in children affected by COVID-19. All the medical records of children with COVID-19 admitted to the Pediatric Clinic- ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia from March to April 2020 were reviewed. The following data were recorded: age, temperature, clinical presentation, oral mucosa lesions, taste alteration and cutaneous lesions. The medical records of twenty-seven pediatric patients (mean age 4,2 years + 1,7) were analyzed. The clinical presentation of the disease mainly included elevated body temperature and cough. The following oral lesions were recorded: oral pseudomembranous candidiasis (7.4 %), geographic tongue (3.7%), coated tongue (7.4 %) and hyperaemic pharynx (37 %). Taste alteration was reported by 3 patients. Six patients presented cutaneous flat papular lesions. As for our paediatric sample, COVID-19 resulted to be associated with non-specific oral and cutaneous manifestations.
- Oral health and oral health-related quality of life in patients with oral dystonia indicates their need for dental special care(2021) Schmalz, Gerhard; Ziebolz, Holger; Kottmann, Tanja; Ziebold, Dirk; Laskawi, RainerThis retrospective study aimed in the evaluation of oral health and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of patients with oral dystonia (OD). Seventeen patients with OD (Meige Syndrome: n=11, Oromandibular Dystonia: n=6) were included, of which seven were examined again at three months after botulinum toxin injection. OHRQoL was assessed by the German short form of oral health impact profile (OHIP G14). Within oral examination, dental parameters, remaining teeth and periodontitis severity were assessed. A matched healthy control (HC) was composed for comparison. The OD patients had significantly more carious teeth (0.94 ± 1.75 vs. 0; p<0.01), less remaining teeth (15.65 ± 9.89 vs. 22.22 ± 5.91; p=0.01) and higher dental treatment need than the HC (42.9% vs. 0%; p<0.01). The OHIP G14 sum score of 9.47± 9.82 vs. 1.58 ± 2.79 (p<0.01) as well its dimensions psychosocial impact (4.47 ± 6.45 vs. 0.53 ± 1.16; p=0.03) and oral function (4.35 ± 2.98 vs. 0.47 ± 1.34; p<0.01) were clinically relevant and statistically significant higher in OD compared to HC group. No significant differences could be detected at three months after botulinum toxin injection. Patients with OD suffer from more dental diseases and have a worse OHRQoL than HC. Dental special care appears recommendable and should be fostered by everyone, who is involved in the treatment of patients with OD.
- Current state of dynamic surgery. A literature review(2021) Parra-Tresserra, Anna; Marqués Guasch, Jordi; Ortega-Martínez, Jordi; Basilio, Juan; Hernández-Alfaro, FedericoRecently, dental implant technology has been widely used for oral reconstruction. Dental implants are the treatment of choice for those patients with dental absences. An optimal implant placement is based on the prosthetic driven concept in order to achieve an aesthetic and functional restoration with a long-term prognosis. There are two types of guided implant surgery that are described in the literature: Static Guided Surgery (SGS) and Dynamic Guided Surgery (DGS). The aim of this study is to be aware of the current state of dynamic surgery and compare in the literature the discrepancies between planning and placement of dental implants. The study consists of a bibliographic review on the topic. The research has been performed in the Medline/Pubmed of articles published by different professional associations and societies in the international context. Twenty two studies out of 100 articles from the initial search were finally included. Our results have been compared with other current available papers in the literature reviewed that obtained similar outcomes. Dynamic navigation shows a better accuracy and precision of implant placement. To corroborate the results of this review as well as to evaluate the different variables that could influence the accuracy of this technique, future randomized control trials will be needed.
