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Language Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry. 2010. Vol. 2, no. 2
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- Small cell osteosarcoma of mandible: a rare case report and review of literature.(2010) Sethi, Amit; Rehani, Shweta; Kundendu, AryaOsteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant tumor of bone but only 5% of these tumours occur in the jaws. Of all the varieties of osteosarcoma, the juxtacortical type is rare and comprises only less than 4% of all osteosarcomas. Juxtacortical osteosarcoma is further subdivided into parosteal (low grade) and periosteal (high grade). Osteosarcomas can be categorized histologically mainly into chondroblastic, osteoblastic, fibroblastic and numerous others. One of the rare histological variant is small cell osteosarcoma which consists of sheets of round cells that produce an osteoid matrix. The aim of this article is to present a rare case of periosteal osteosarcoma of mandible which on histopathological examination showed characteristics of small cell tumour.
- Cholesterol granuloma in the wall of a mandibular dentigerous cyst: a rare case report(2010) Lee, J.H.; Alrashdan, M.S.; Ahn, K.M.; Kang, M.H.; Hong, S.P.; Kim, S.M.Cholesterol granuloma is an inflammatory reaction to cholesterol crystals deposition. It may develop in a variety of sites including the middle ear, mastoid process or even paranasal sinuses. Very few cases of cholesterol granuloma occurring in the jaws were reported. This report presents a rare case of cholesterol granuloma that developed in the wall of a large mandibular dentigerous cyst. The condition was treated with hemimandibulectomy followed by reconstruction with a free fibular flap.
- Primary intraosseous carcinoma of mandible: an update on review of literature with a case report(2010) Shambhulingappa, P.; Sheikh, Soheyl; Puri, Nidhi; Jindal, Sanjeev KumarPrimary intraosseous carcinoma (PIOC) is a rare malignant neoplasm of the jaws which is locally aggressive with quite poor prognosis. Overall and disease free survival is poor with almost 50% patients failing within first 2 years of follow up and reason can be attributed to the delayed diagnosis. But knowledge of the clinical, radiographic and histopathologic features of PIOC allows accurate and early diagnosis of the lesion so that an early and appropriate treatment can be instituted for better prognosis. Here a typical case of PIOC of the mandible is presented and an attempt is made to discuss all possible differential diagnosis and an update on review of literature is presented. Our case highlights that radiographic examination is one of the most effective methods for detecting early lesions of PIOCs.
- An unusual case of rudimentary parotid gland with distended Stensen duct(2010) Mubeen, K.; Jigna, V.R.; Ranganath, K.; Manjunatha, B.S.Congenital absence or rudiment major salivary glands, especially of the parotid glands, are a rare entity. Aplasia of parotid glands has been described alone or in association with abnormalities of other salivary glands, first branchial arch developmental disturbances and other congenital anomalies such as lacrimoauriculodentodigital syndrome, mandibulofacial dysostosis and ectodermal dysplasia. Absence is most commonly unilateral, and may be associated with accessory or rudimentary glandular tissue. There are several reported cases of isolated patulous Stensen’s duct causing air insufflations in the glands and recurrent parotid gland enlargement. However, in the literature there is no reported case of association of rudimentary parotid gland with a patulous Stensen’s duct. This paper aims at reporting an interesting and unusual presentation of unilateral imperfectly developed parotid gland with a distended Stensen’s duct in a five year old mentally challenged girl who presented with an unintentional habit of blowing out cheeks several times in a day resulting in air insufflations and recurrent parotid swelling
- Role of radiology in central hemangioma of jaws(2010) Jindal, Sanjeev Kumar; Sheikh, Soheyl; Singla, Anshu; Puri, NidhiCentral hemangioma, a bone destructive lesion, is a benign tumor. Hemangiomas of jaws are rare entity and produ- ces many different radiographic images. Radiographic differential diagnosis includes osteosarcoma, fibrous dysplasia, central giant cell granuloma, ameloblastoma, odontogenic myxoma, multiple myeloma, dentigerous cyst and aneurysmal bone cyst. Since it involves proliferation of blood vessels so aspiration or biopsy of such lesions can lead to severe hemorrhage which can turn out to be lethal. We stress on the importance of radiology in the timely diagnosis of such lesions which can prevent the disaster not only to the patient but also to oral surgeon in legal and professional aspects.
- Drug-induced oral lichenoid reactions: a literature review(2010) Serrano Sánchez, Pedro; Bagán Sebastián, José Vicente; Jiménez Soriano, Yolanda; Sarrión Pérez, María GraciaThe terms oral lichenoid reactions or oral lichenoid lesions refer to lesions histologically and clinically similar to oral lichen planus, though with the particularity that in these cases the underlying cause is identifiable. In addition, these lesions are described according to the causal factor involved, including alterations resulting from direct contact with dental restoration materials, drug-related lesions, and lesions associated to graft-versus-host disease. Drug-induced oral lichenoid reactions or oral lichenoid lesions were first cited in 1971 by Almeyda and Levantine. Since then, many drug substances have been associated with such lesions. The most common agents are nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors.
- Verruciform xanthoma located in anterior gingiva(2010) Hatakeyama, Márcia; Alonso, Juliana M.S.L.; Guilhermino, Marinaldo; Brandao, Adriana A. H.; Cavalcante, Ana Sueli RodriguesVerruciform xanthoma (VX) is a relatively rare benign lesion and oral predominantly, which occasionally affects skin and genital mucosa. It appears as a papule or single plaque showing a verrucous or papillomatous aspect, with variable color from reddish pink to gray. In majority of oral cases, it affects gingiva and alveolar mucosa such a solitary lesion. Histopathological findings are foamy histiocytes within elongated dermal papillae. Treatment consists of conservative excision surgery and recurrence is rare. A clinical case is reported, located in anterior gingiva, showing good prognosis, without recurrence. There was no concomitant oral lesion associated. Local trauma was the only possibility suggested to be related to etiology. No relevant alterations in laboratory exams (hemogram, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, VLDL, glycose and glycolized hemoglobin) were found. The origin of the lesion remains unclear and investigation for possible associations with other lesions that could present greater risk of carcinogenesis is required.
- Frozen section evaluation of lymph nodes in Oral squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective study(2010) Desai, Dinkar K.; Kumar, G.S.The principal indication of performing a frozen section is to obtain a definite immediate diagnosis, on the basis of which a surgical decision will be made. Immediate diagnosis allows the surgeon to proceed with further therapy without any delay. A definite immediate diagnosis is said to be dependent on the reliability of frozen sections. Many authors have carried out frozen section study on soft tissue tumors and lymph node evaluation in different parts of the body with varying percentages of reliability. However, it appears that lymph node evaluations specifically in oral squamous cell carcinoma cases were not performed, or limited. Hence the present study was undertaken to determine the reliability of frozen section diagnosis in the lymph nodes of oral squamous cell carcinomas. This study was performed so that the surgeons would have an intraoperative assessment of the extent of local metastasis and to determine the adequacy of resection before the wound is closed. The objectives of the present study are to assess microscopically the frozen section of the palpable and non palpable lymph nodes of neck for metastasis in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity. To compare the micros- copic features of paraffin embedded lymph node sections with those of frozen sections. To assess the reliability of frozen section evaluation of cervical lymph nodes in oral squamous cell carcinoma. The present research work gives 100% accuracy of frozen sections with due care by additional staining to frozen sections by phloxine methylene blue stain, however cannot be in any way superior to the magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, immunoscintigraphy and lymphangioscintigraphy.
- Primary double tooth with partial anodontia of permanent dentition: a case report(2010) Prasad Rao, V. Arun; Reddy, N.Venugopal; Krishnakumar, R.; Sugumaran, D.K.; Mohan, G.; Senthil Eagappan, A.R.Dental anomalies of number and forms may occur in the primary and permanent dentition. Various terms have been used to describe dental twinning anomalies: gemination, fusion, concrescence, double teeth, cojoined teeth, twinned teeth, geminifusion and vicinifusion. Double tooth is a term used to describe connate tooth and includes both dental fusion and gemination. The phenomenon of gemination occurs when two teeth develop from one single bud leading to a larger tooth. Fusion is a condition in which the crowns of two separate teeth have been joined toge- ther during the crown development. Fusion occurs infrequently but could cause esthetic, spacing and periodontal problems. The present article highlights the presence of a primary double tooth in an 11 year old boy involving primary mandibular left lateral incisor and canine. Clinical examination and radiographic examination confirmed the absence of the permanent left mandibular lateral incisor. Cases with primary double tooth necessitate careful examination as they may be associated with anomalies in the succeeding permanent dentition and require proper treatment planning
- Comparison of postoperation bone defects healing of alveolar processes of maxilla and mandible with the use of Bio-Gen and Bio-Oss(2010) Smieszek-Wilczewska, Joanna; Koszowski, Rafał; Pajak, JacekBone defects of mandible and maxilla alveolar processes have often iatrogenic origins, because they appear as a consequence of performed operations. Bone atrophy may be stopped by filling bone defects with augmentative biomaterial directly after an oral surgery procedure. To achieve this aim augmentative biomaterials are used. Many years of experimental studies confirmed xenogenic biomaterials as the most ef fective. The aim of this study was clinical assessment of bone lesions healing with the use of Bio-Gen and Bio-Oss materials. A comparison of radiological imaging of healed defects was performed, as well as histological analysis of biopsies obtained from the defect sites. The structure analysis of both materials was performed with the use of electron microscopy. Chemical ingredients of analyzed biomaterials were assessed with the use of X-ray microanalysis. Postoperation follow-up in all groups was done. Histological and radiological analysis of regeneration course were performed. Radiological analysis was performed with the use of Digora 2,1 system, which allows to asses optical density of images. Histopathologic regenerates were analyzed morfometrically. The results of this study confirmed effectiveness of Bio-Gen and Bio-Oss materials in regeneration of bone defects. Six month long follow-up period confirmed a significant increase of the optical density of regenerates augmented with Bio-Gen and Bio-Oss comparing to lesions healed without biomaterial augmentation.
- Oral myiasis in a cerebral palsy patient: a case report(2010) Jain, Shivani; Gupta, S.; Jindal, Sanjeev Kumar; Singla, AnshuMyiasis is a rare condition caused by the invasion of tissues by the larvae of flies, mainly from the order of Diptera. Many cases of myiasis involving various human organs have been reported. Oral Myiasis is very rare in healthy persons. It occurs mainly in the tropics and is usually associated with inadequate personal and public hygiene; sometimes accompanied by poor manual dexterity. We present a case of oral myiasis in a mentally retarded, 13- year-old boy suffering with cerebral palsy. The diagnosis was based on the characteristic clinical features and the visualization of wriggling larvae. Large numbers of larvae were found in the gingival sulcus. Treatment consisted of manual removal of the larvae, one by one, with the help of turpentine oil and clinical forceps, local debridement of the labial gingival and oral hygiene practice. Healing was uneventful, with resolution of the condition.
- Palatal perforations secondary to inhaled cocaine abuse: presentation of five cases(2010) Serrano Sánchez, Pedro; Bagán Sebastián, José Vicente; Jiménez Soriano, Yolanda; Sarrión Pérez, María GraciaThe estimated incidence of complications associated with cocaine abuse is 4.8%. Palatal perforation is a very infrequent condition within the range of complications associated with cocaine abuse. No epidemiological cha- racteristics relating to patient age or gender have been established, and the diagnosis of the disorder requires a detailed clinical history, including antecedents of cocaine abuse. The clinical and radiological studies show palatal bone erosion and perforation of the soft or hard palate. The present study describes five cases of palatal perforation secondary to inhaled cocaine abuse. As a result of the increase in cocaine use in recent years, particularly among young adults, clinicians must be alerted to the need to include this condition when establishing a differential diagnosis.
- Ameoblastic carcinoma of mandible: a rare case report with review of literature(2010) Mubeen, K.; Shakya, Hemant Kumar; Jigna, V.R.Ameloblastic carcinoma is a rare malignant lesion with characteristic histologic features and behavior that dictates more aggressive surgical approach than that of a simple ameloblastoma. However, reliable evidence of its biologic activity is currently unavailable due to the scarcity of well-documented cases. It occurs primarily in the mandible in a wide range of age groups; no sex or race predilection has been noted. It may present as a cystic lesion with benign clinical features or as a large tissue mass with ulceration, significant bone resorption and tooth mobility. Because the lesion is usually found unexpectedly after an incisional biopsy or the removal of a cyst, a guide to differential diagnosis is not usually useful. The identifying features of ameloblastic carcinoma must be known and recognized by dental practitioners. The tumour cells resemble the cells seen in ameloblastoma, but they show cytologic atypia. Moreover, they lack the characteristic arrangement seen in ameloblastoma. Direct extensions of the tumour, lymph node involvement and metastasis to various sites (frequently the lung) have been reported. We present a case of ameloblastic carcinoma of the mandible with a clinical course of typical aggressiveness and extensive local des- truction in a 27 year old male patient.
