Las medidas cautelares en el Derecho de Extranjería constituyen una institución jurídica de, especial importancia, tanto en el procedimiento administrativo, como en la jurisdicción contenciosa administrativa. Los presupuestos de las medidas cautelares en esta disciplina responden a nuevas circunstancias originadas por la globalización de los movimientos migratorios, un nuevo ius migrandi que sobrepasa mitos y hechos de la migración internacional. Europa y las legislaciones nacionales no son una excepción. Para afrontar esas nuevas circunstancias hay que tener en cuenta los derechos humanos estipulados en los instrumentos internacionales y dentro de ellos en ese amplio e integral diseño de garantías se encuentran los derechos económicos, sociales y culturales, los cuales conforman la dignidad y el libre desarrollo de la personalidad de los migrantes. El impacto del sistema de DIDH en el derecho regional, supranacional e interno propicia un diálogo multinivel entre tribunales sobre derechos y libertades fundamentales que a su vez influye y determina prima facie sobre la decisión cautelar que se adopte. La condición jurídica de los extranjeros en nuestro derecho interno ha sido ratificada por el STC Pleno nº 172/20, dicha condición jurídica tiene vinculación y correspondencia con las normas internacionales DIDH. El periculum in mora, la ponderación de intereses y el fumus boni iuris adquieren así un nuevo matiz interpretativo en el derecho interno como resultado de dicho diálogo. Este nuevo enfoque interpretativo de la institución de las medidas cautelares tiene su impacto en el derecho interno como garantía de la tutela legal efectiva, un debido proceso / equitativo que conforme el sistema de recursos cautelares y suspensivos.

The precautionary measures in the Immigration Law are a legal institution of key relevance, well in the administrative procedure, well in the contentious administrative jurisdiction. The budget of these measures in this discipline respond to the new circumstances originated from the globalization of migratory movements. Europe and its domestic law are not an exception. To face these circumstances, taking into account the human rights stipulated in the international instrument and its impact in the regional, supranational and domestic law provoke that multilevel dialogue between courts about fundamental rights and freedoms influence and determine prima facie over the precautionary decision to be adopted. The periculum in mora, the weighting of interests and the fumus boni iuris acquire a new interpretive nuance in the domestic law as a result of the dialogue. After conducting a survey on the miths and facts of migration as well as for the essential characteristics and budget of the precautionary measures on the aplicable legal systems, this work scrutinizes this new interpretive focus of the institution as a result of the ius migrandi, the migration control policy and the multilevel dialogue. In the same way, its impact on domestic law as an assurance of the effective legal guardianship is assessed. The legal status of foreigners in our domestic law has been ratified by the STC Pleno nº 172/20 (Spanish Constitutional Court, full court sentence, number 172/20), this legal status has special relevance and connection with international standards rules (DIDH). The DIDH rights content becomes in a certain way in the constitutionally declared content of the rights and freedoms that our Constitution states, this makes that their interpretation and application by the administrative and judicial authorities must be superior. The foreigner legal status and his socio-legal status become a determining element prima facie in the precautionary protection. Such determination must achieve all the rights and guarantees of defence in a due process/equitable that conforms the system of precautionary and suspensive remedies. In this wide and comprehensive design of human and fundamental rights guaranties, the economic, social, and cultural rights in this specialty become essential elements comprising the periculum in mora, fumus boni iuris and the principle of proportionality of the conflicting interests directly related to the human condition, its dignity and personality development.