Natural stimulating beverages with methylxanthines (chocolate, coffee and tea, among others) have been used since ancient times because of their properties for avoiding fatigue, enhancing alertness and fighting sleepiness. In this paper we review the main botanical characteristics, the history, composition, processing, use and health effects of these natural beverages, as well as the main pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic and toxicological aspects of caffeine, the active ingredient responsible for their stimulant effects. Polyphenols play an important role in the effects of these beverages on health, so we also place stress on their relevance in the prevention of chronic diseases.... [Leer más...]