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Language Zibaldone : estudios italianos. 2015. Vol. 03, no. 1
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- Militari italiani e grande guerra(2015) Franzina, EmilioThe essay deals with some aspects of migratory phoenomena which can be associated with the origin and endurance of the sense of ethnic and national identity. Beside the growing removal of the old mechanisms of language education, which remove the Italian language 'where originally owned' and cause its gradual and partly physiological replacement, we can see with Castillan in America, by integration, the decline of 'political Italian character' (i.e. 'Italianity' or Italian identity). A turning point before such process of Argentinian metamorphosis ('Argentinianization') finally established, was marked by the economic trends during World War 1. Its breaking out, in fact, coincided with the moment of utmost expansion (not only in Buenos Aires) of the foreign migratory 'particularly Italian' presence. Unlike what would later happen with World War 2, yet after nearly a twenty-year break in the incoming flow, between 1914 and 1918 we can see a tangible form of double patriotism or dual political-institutional loyalty from the migratory ethnic groups, within whom some choices arouse, such as the decision 'which many of their members made' to enlist under the 'old homeland's' flags to reach the European battlefields.
- Nota sobre Ernesto de Martino(2015) Songel, FionaEn el presente trabajo trataremos de ofrecer una presentación general del pensamiento de Ernesto De Martino, filósofo y etnólogo italiano discípulo de Benedetto Croce. Para ello centraremos las ideas de antropología e historia en su pensamiento y haremos un recorrido por los temas principales de sus obras más importantes.
- Los emisarios culturales del fascismo en el Uruguay de entreguerras(2015) Bresciano, Juan AndrésEn el período interbélico, escritores, artistas y científicos italianos visitan Uruguay para dictar conferencias o realizar actividades de divulgación cultural. Patrocinados por el régimen fascista y recibidos por la Legación Italiana en Montevideo, se convierten en embajadores de una latinidad supuestamente renovada y aparentemente vigorosa, fruto del Nuevo Orden. El presente artículo estudia detenidamente las actividades que los visitantes realizan y las repercusiones que generan en la comunidad ítalo-uruguaya con el propósito de ilustrar las estrategias propagandísticas utilizadas por las autoridades diplomáticas que los invitan.
- Italiani in Perú fra Otto e Novecento: marinai, commercianti, imprenditori di origine ligure(2015) Chiaramonti, GabrielaItalian immigration to Peru between the mid nineteenth and the early twentieth century 'albeit numerically limited, as in the case of the other countries of the Pacific coast' revealed peculiar characteristics of its own. The great bulk of the newcomers arrived from Liguria. They were primarily seamen who made their way to their adoptive land less under the stimuli of contingent push and pull factors than because of a geographical and social 'culture of mobility' that was strictly related to their original activities as sailors and merchants. Indeed, commerce 'practiced in small- and micro-scale enterprises, too' was their first occupation in Peru and offered a springboard from which they progressively extended and/or diversified their activities, coming in certain cases (regarding personalities with a solid initial basis) to play a paramount role in the economy, finance, and politics. As stated earlier, the Italians established a quantitatively small community that was nonetheless the largest foreign colony in Peru, at least in the years between the beginning of the 'guano age' and the turn of the new century. In the same period they also made up the wealthiest immigrant group, as the data in the consular records show.
- Tempi e sogni della persona. L'esilio romano di María Zambrano(2015) Trapanese, ElenaThis essay aims to offer an analysis of the 'Roman' exile of philosopher María Zambrano, a Republican exile and prominent figure of contemporary thinking. Rome was, for Zambrano, the city she chose to 'live the exile': the city of writing and thinking 'about time, dreams, person and the exile experience, etc.', but it was also the beginning place of deep relationships of friendship and collaborations with Italian intellectuals and other Spanish exiles of that period.
- Il Libro dell'Arte di Cennino Cennini (1821-1950). Un esempio di diffusione della cultura italiana nel mondo(2015) Mazzaferro, GiovanniWritten at the end of 1300, and known since the time of Vasari, the Book of the Art by Cennino Cennini was published for the first time only in 1821. Since then, the Book has experienced a great editorial success as authentic testimony of the Italian artistic techniques practiced in middle Ages. Each new edition has provided it with new interpretations and different shades, turning a simple recipe book into a true legend for generations of artists and scholars.
- Le attività del centro Altreitalie e lo sviluppo degli studi sulle migrazioni italiane nelle Americhe(2015) Tirabassi, MaddalenaThe article presents the history of the Centro Altreitalie, born within the Giovanni Agnelli Foundation in the eighties, and its role in the development of Italian migration studies and researches overseas. It will focus on the activities carried out in Latin America, the first area of investigation at the dawn of Italian migration studies abroad. Today, within the association Globus et Locus, the Centro Altreitalie continues to support and disseminate research results through the journal Altreitalie. Among the most recent publications: Guido Tintori, (ed.) Il voto degli altri, on the Italian vote abroad; Maddalena Tirabassi, Le piemontesi in Argentina; Maddalena Tirabassi and Alvise Del Pra', La meglio Italia, on the new Italian migrations.
- Vanni Blengino: un pendolare dell'Atlantico(2015) Cattarulla, CamillaPersonal life and scientific trajectory of Vanni Blengino (1935-2009) have always travelled on a double track: Italy and Piedmont, where he came from, and America, or rather Argentina, a country that contributed so much to his development as Spanish-American literature's scholar, a discipline that he has been teaching for almost forty years at Roman Universities (first La Sapienza, then Roma Tre). In his works, supported with recurring journeys in Argentina, Blengino has never left out his main intellectual concern: the study of the relationship between Italy (Europe) and America (Argentina) for the construction of an identity crossing two worlds, whose symbol is the migrant figure. This essay investigates Blengino's critical contribution to identity topic through the analysis of his main research fields: the frontier, the Argentinian imaginary on immigration, and the travels of Europeans and Spanish-American intellectuals from one to the other continent.
- Los hombres que llevaban a cuestas su rebaño. Ensayo sobre el significado de la celebración de los Mamuthones de Mamoiada. Cerdeña, Italia (parte II)(2015) Forgione, ClaudiaEste ensayo representa una mirada desde la Antropología Simbólica sobre la actividad pastoril en Mamoiada, Cerdeña, a través de su celebración más tradicional. Descubrimos que dicha labor pertenece exclusivamente al ámbito masculino y reproduce un encuentro dialógico entre hombre, territorio y animales, el cual actúa dinamizando la vida cotidiana. Los personajes nucleares de esta fiesta son los Mamuthones quienes desarrollan una performance ritual investidos con máscaras y cencerros, representación que reafirma el status masculino.
- América en la escena operística(2015) Cetrangolo, Aníbal EnriqueThe subject of the first cultural contacts between Europe and America was a pretext to demonstrate two different representations of the foreign. For those European composers influenced by Illuminist ideas, America was a way to exalt the other, overlooking his diversity, but to other musicians, America was an exotic and picturesque subject. Both perspectives were alike to those conceived by Latin-American composers in Nineteenth Century. When they tried to elaborate a national operatic repertoire, they also walked through those ways: the myth, the legend, the return to an archaic paradise free of urban corruption or, instead, glorifying the History.
- La presencia de las mujeres piemontesas en Argentina(2015) Moro, LauraItalian immigration in America, and particularly in Argentina, produced an extremely wide and rich literature. However, there are really less contributions related to gender studies in the subject. And even under those circumscribed regional women's immigration. From this perspective a gender association was born to give presence to the piedmont women in Argentina.
- El barco como un espacio pre-ocupado: un enfoque comparativo de las culturas migrantes entre Italia y los Estados Unidos(2015) Fiore, TeresaThe essay offers a reading of several texts linked to Italian emigration through the trope of the migrant ship featured in them: De Amicis' travel book On the Ocean, di Donato's coming-of-age novel Christ in Concrete, Sciascia's short story 'The Long Crossing,' and Amelio's film Lamerica. In adopting and enriching Foucault's term 'heterotopia' (real utopias that represent, challenge and reverse existing spaces) and in particular his application of it to the ship, the essay aims at identifying the trans-national function of the ship as a means of narrating the history of Italian migration. In the reading of these texts, the ship is seen as a pre-occupied space, a concept introduced by the author to emphasize the constant occupation and re-occupation of this space by migrants over time, as well as its condition as a carrier of preoccupation for both migrants and sending and receiving countries. In this interdisciplinary essay, the ship is not just 'the greatest reserve of the imagination,' as in Foucault's powerful definition, but also a space in which class and ethnic relations, individual and collective destinies, and exploitation and agency intersect in complex ways along the migrant routes.
- Algunas reflexiones sobre la novela de la emigración italiana en Argentina(2015) Serafin, SilvanaPor ser una de las metas migratorias que gran parte de los emigrantes italianos eligieron, Argentina constituye un importante punto de referencias culturales, fruto de una evidente 'transculturación'. La amplia cantidad de publicaciones sobre el tema migratorio facilita la localización de referencias ejemplares, por la variedad de situaciones presentadas y por la relación privilegiada entre emigrante, entorno e historia. Eso permite entrar en la dialéctica permanente de una nueva construcción cultural y social que se basa en la identidad múltiple.
- I migranti nella letteratura italiana. Dall'assenza all'equivalenza(2015) Magnani, IllariaItalian literature is characterized by the substantial silence on the issue of migration, showing, as Gramsci already noted, the elitist attitude of his man of letters. These have left in more commercial production the task of witnessing the exodus that for over a century has affected the nation. Starting with a look to the critical positions and disciplines on the topic, the aim of the present paper is to analyze the resurgence of this theme in contemporary Italian fiction focusing on two novels: Il piatto dell'angelo, by Laura Pariani, and Mare al mattino, by Margaret Mazzantini. This reappearance of the topic of migration in Italian literature is matched by a similar phenomenon in the Argentine, an aspect that the essay will refer to emphasize the fundamental differences that determine the narrative strands in both countries.
- Recuperación de la memoria en la escritura de Rubén Tizziani y de Roberto Raschella(2015) Bravo Herrera, Fernanda ElisaEl objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las diferentes formas en que el sujeto narrativo, múltiple y dialógico, construye en Mar de olvido de Rubén Tizziani (1992) y en Si hubiéramos vivido aquí de Roberto Raschella (1998) las diversas representaciones de la inmigración. Se propone rastrear en estos dos textos representativos de la literatura argentina centrada en la inmigración italiana la conformación del espacio escritural (auto)biográfico, la narración de las historias que definen la memoria, las identidades y los territorios culturales, y la percepción de la alteridad y de la mismidad. Se trabajará principalmente con la problematización de la subjetividad en el espacio biográfico y con la concepción de la escritura como lugar de la memoria.
- La 'doppia assenza': peregrinazioni letterarie tra Italia e Argentina in Clementina Sandra Ammendola, Miguel Ángel García e Laura Pariani(2015) Camilotti, SilviaThis paper investigates the change of identities and senses of belonging of the literary characters who migrated between Italy and Argentina in the following literary works: Il maestro di tango by Miguel Ángel García, Lei che sono io and Ci sono volte, tutte le volte by Clementina Sandra Ammendola and Quando Dio ballava il tango by Laura Pariani. This is done through the theoretical lens of Abdelmalek Sayad's essay, La Double absence. Des illusions de l'émigré aux souffrances de l'immigré. These authors share a similar biographical experience, splitting their life between Italy and Argentina, and depict this experience through literary tools. I analyze the texts by comparing the ways through which the identities of the characters (Italians who moved to Argentina and Argentineans in Italy) are represented, how they are challenged and with which effects. The comparison 'that will also require a historical perspective' intertwines gender, class and racial dimensions: indeed, to examine the notion of identity and its changes in migration contexts, it is essential to consider how social, cultural and economic dynamics affect those characters.
- La cultura italiana en la literatura argentina: los casos de Manuel Puig y Roberto Raschella(2015) Cattoni, Silvia
- Giovanni Meo Zilio, pionero en los estudios lingüísticos sobre el espacio plural del Río de la Plata(2015) Cancellier, AntonellaWithin the vast bibliography of Giovanni Meo Zilio (1923-2006) stand out the richness and variety of the works of linguistics and dialectology that, since 1955, the scholar dedicated to the rioplatense area. Giovanni Meo Zilio shows a keen interest in the sphere of popular speech and languages in contact, and writes fundamental studies on the modalities of cocoliche and lunfardo, as well as the gaucho language that he studied and translated into Italian.
